Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express

Content Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Listening and speaking l Pronunciation and listening skills l Conversations l Passage Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Listening to speeches 1. Listen to a part of Steve Jobs’ speech at Stanford University and complete the following paragraph with what you hear. Tips 听英语演讲也是锻炼听力、提高口语水平的一种有效途径。 听的时候模仿演讲者的语音、语调和节奏，会对自己的发 音、朗读起到潜移默化的作用。同时，熟悉英美人发音的 韵律和节奏后，在听的时候也会游刃有余。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Listening to speeches 1. Listen to a part of Steve Jobs’ speech at Stanford University and complete the following paragraph with what you hear. Sometimes life is gonna hit you in the head with a brick. faith. I’m convinced that the only thing that Don’t lose 1) ______ I loved what I did. You’ve got to kept me going was that 2) ________ find what you love. And that is as true for work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and be truly satisfied is to do what you believe the only way to 3) _______ is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking. And don’t settle. As with all matters of the heart, you’ll know when any great relationship , it just gets you find it. And, like 4) __________ better and better as the years roll on. So 5) ______ keep looking. Don’t settle.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Listening to speeches 1. Read after the speaker. Sometimes life is gonna hit you in the head with a brick. Don’t lose faith. I’m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You’ve got to find what you love. And that is as true for work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking. And don’t settle. As with all matters of the heart, you’ll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking. Don’t settle.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Conversations l Conversation 1 Exercises Functional language l Conversation 2 Exercises Functional language Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1– Predicting 1. Listen to a conversation and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. Word tips mild adj. 温暖的; 和煦的 forecast n. 预测; 预报 inter-school adj. 校际间的 keep your fingers crossed 祈求 好运 1 When does the conversation take place? A In January. B In February. ✔ C In March.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1– Predicting 1. Listen to a conversation and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 2 How does the woman know that it might rain tomorrow? ✔ A Through the weather forecast. B Based on her experience. C Told by the her man parent. 3 How does feel when he knows it might rain tomorrow? A Excited. B Disappointed. ✔ C Surprised.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1– Predicting 2. Listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions by completing the sentences. 1 What’s the weather like today? The sunshine is wonderful. It’s fairly mild. _______ 2 What is the man going to do tomorrow? an inter-school football match He is going to take part in _____________. 3 Why won’t the woman be surprised if it rains tomorrow? very changeable at this time Because the weather is ________ of the year.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1– Predicting Scripts Peter: Lisa: It’s a lovely day today, isn’t it? Yes, the sunshine is wonderful! It is fairly mild for this time of the year, the beginning of February! I hope it will stay like this! I’m fed up with this long, cold winter. We’d better enjoy it while it lasts. The weather forecast says it’s supposed to rain tomorrow. Oh, no! We have a match tomorrow, and I hate playing in the rain. What match is that?

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1– Predicting Scripts Peter: Lisa: An inter-school football match. Look at the sky; I don’t think it’s likely to rain. Well, I won’t be surprised if it rains tomorrow. You know, the weather here is very changeable. What bad luck! What shall we do if it rains? Is there a chance that the match will be canceled in case of rain? I hope so. Well, just keep your fingers crossed that the weather will stay nice tomorrow.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1– Predicting 3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. Situation 1 (Sample) A and B are predicting the ending of a TV series they both like. GUIDED CONVERSATION Situation 2 (Sample) A tells B that they will have an outdoor sketching on the weekend. B predicts the weather might not be pleasant. A: Tell B the predicted ending of the TV series / weather on the weekend. B: Show surprise. A: Say you are sure about the ending / the weather. B: Show disagreement and give your own prediction.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1– Predicting Role play - Sample conversation Situation 1 Amy: Jenny: Amy: Jenny, are you watching the soap opera called My Love from the Star? Yeah. I love this TV series very much. I can’t wait to watch its final. I wouldn’t be surprised if Do Min-joon leaves for his own star. It can’t be. I’m certain that he will have to leave at last, because he has seen in his vision that, out in the forest his body vanishes into a million particles of light. I don’t think so. I bet Do Min-joon will give up going back to his own star and choose to stay on earth because he deeply loves Cheon Songyi. Anyway, I wish it will have a happy ending.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1– Predicting Role play - Sample conversation Situation 2 Andy: Dave: Andy: Dave, we will have an outdoor sketching on the weekend. You mean this weekend? Great! I love outdoor sketching. Yeah, everyone in our class is looking forward to it, but it’s quite likely that it will rain on this weekend. Really? I have just checked the weather forecast online and it said that it would rain this weekend.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1– Predicting Role play - Sample conversation Situation 2 Dave: Andy: Come on. The weather forecast is not that accurate all the time. Remember we had to cancel an outdoor sketching last year because the weather forecast said there would be a storm. However, it turned out to be a fine day. OK. Let’s cross our fingers and hope for the best.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1– Predicting Functional Language Predicting Certainly / Definitely / Undoubtedly, it’ll. . . There’s no doubt that it’ll. . . It’s quite likely that. . . I bet it’ll. . . I’m certain of / about / that… It’s sure / bound to. . . It’s possible that it’ll. . . I wouldn’t be surprised if it. . .

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2– Predicting 1. Listen to a conversation and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. Word tips Chinese Idol 《 中国梦之声》 talent show n. （普通人为赢 取奖项的）才 艺表演 competitive adj. 竞争的 1 What is Han watching? A A talent show. ✔ B A fashion show. C A talk show.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2– Predicting 1. Listen to a conversation and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 2 What does Ann suggest Han do? A Support “Chinese Idol. ” B Take part in “Chinese Idol. ” ✔ C Watch “Chinese Idol. ” 3 Why does Han hesitate to follow Ann’s advice? A Because she has no interest in the show. B Because the show is very competitive. ✔ C Because she doesn’t have a good voice.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2– Predicting 2. Listen again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). T 1 Ann believes that Han would do very well in the talent show. F 2 Han is strongly determined to have a try on “Chinese Idol. ” F 3 Han thinks taking part in the talent show is a good chance for her to shine on stage.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2– Predicting Scripts Hi, Han. What are you watching? Ann: Han Xia: I’m watching “Chinese Idol, ” an exciting talent show. Have you ever watched it? Sure! I’m also a fan of it. There are so many talented Ann: singers on the show. Han Xia: And the mentors are very lovely and humorous. Yes. That’s part of the appeal of the show. Han, I Ann: think you have a wonderful voice, why don’t you give it a try? Han Xia: Well… I’ve never thought about it. Why not? You’re sure to do well. It’s a great chance Ann: for you to shine on stage!

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2– Predicting Scripts Han Xia: Thanks for your encouragement, Ann. I doubt whether I’m good enough for the show. It would be very competitive. Ann: Just try. You might surprise yourself! Han Xia: Well, I’ll consider it. After all, it’s a good opportunity to meet great singers and make friends with people who love singing. Ann: That’s true. So don’t hesitate!

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2– Predicting 3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. (Sample) Situation 2 (Sample) Situation 1 A encourages B to take part in the school’s writing in the college’s painting competition and predicts B will get a prize. A: Suggest B take part in the school’s GUIDED writing competition / college’s painting CONVERSATION competition. B: Express doubt about your ability. A: Encourage B that he / she has the talent. B: Hesitate to follow A’s advice. A: Predict B will get a prize. B: Thank A for his / her encouragement and say you will consider it.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2– Predicting Role play - Sample conversation Situation 1 Alice: Edith: Edith, have you read the notice put on the bulletin board this morning? Yes, I have. It’s about the school’s writing competition. The writing competition? I think you should sign for it! I don’t think that I’m qualified enough to take part in this competition. Come on. We all agree that you are very talented in writing. Why don’t you give it a try? Well, I’m not quite sure about it. This competition must be very competitive. Take it easy. You should have confidence in yourself. I bet you will get a prize. Thanks for your encouragement. I will think about it.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2– Predicting Role play - Sample conversation Situation 2 Alex: Fred: Hi, Fred. Here is a flyer for the college’s painting competition. I think you should take part in it. I’m not quite sure. There are so many students who are quite good at painting. I think there is not much chance for me to get into the final. I think you are very talented in painting. Just give it a try. You’re right, but I still need to think about it. It is not going to be an easy one. I need to do a lot of preparation for that. Come on. I am sure that you will get a prize. Thank you very much for your encouragement. I will consider it.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2– Predicting Functional Language Predicting It’s unlikely to… I can’t say for certain. I doubt if it will. . . There’s not much / no chance of… I don’t think it will. . . I’m absolutely sure it won’t. . .

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage 1. Listen to a passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Word tips gateway n. 途径；方法 Dale Stephens 戴尔·斯蒂芬斯（美国企业家、作家） drop out 辍学；中途退学 notion n. 观点；看法 urge v. 敦促；力劝 internship n. 实习生的 作 in essence 本质上

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage 1. Listen to a passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). T 1 Many people believe that going to college is a gateway to success. F 2 Dale Stephens didn’t finish high school because he couldn’t get the skills he wanted. T 3 Dale Stephens suggests people figure out why they go to college and what they’re doing in college so as to decide whether or not to stay in college.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage 2. Listen again and answer the following questions by completing the sentences. 1 What is “Un. College? ” “Un. College” is a social movement that challenges the college is the best path to success notion that ___________________. 2 What does “Un. College” ask learners to focus on? the quality of their education It asks learners to focus on ____________ and how it meets their individual, educational, and _______________________ career goals ______.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage 2. Listen again and answer the following questions by completing the sentences. 3 How can learners pursue their education if they don’t go to college according to “Un. College”? pursue their education through free They may choose to_______________ online classes, internships, gap years, or a variety of ________________________ other ways ______.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage Scripts For many people, attending college is a gateway to success. But for 21 -year-old Dale Stephens, it’s just not the case. Disappointed with college because he felt he was not getting the skills he wanted, he dropped out and started “Un. College, ” a social movement that challenges the notion that college is the best path to success. This movement urges learners to focus on the quality of their education and how it meets their individual, educational, and career goals. It suggests that learners may choose to pursue their education through free online classes, internships, gap years, or a variety of other ways, but the important thing is to cultivate a high-quality knowledge base with huge time and money saved. The message of Un. College has never been “don’t go to college. ” In essence, it tries to show learners that college is certainly not the only way, and may not be the best way to success. “I’m suggesting that everyone take a good look at their education, figure out why they are there and what they’re doing with it, so that they can decide whether or not it makes sense to stay in college or leave school, ” Dale says.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage 3. Divide the class into two groups, those who agree with the following idea and those who don’t. Then take turns to give your reasons.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage 3. Divide the class into two groups, those who agree with the following idea and those who don’t. Then take turns to give your reasons. • I’m for this opinion. • First of all, we can learn more and more knowledge in our chosen field and there are many chances for us to explore the unknown and develop in an all-round way. Secondly, we can take part in all kinds of clubs and activities in college, which may enhance our people skills which are important for us to be successful in our career. Thirdly, we can meet some outstanding scholars from whom we can learn not only knowledge but also noble spirits.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage 3. Divide the class into two groups, those who agree with the following idea and those who don’t. Then take turns to give your reasons. • I am against this opinion. • I think one must learn to study by oneself, whether you study in college or not. Take Thomas Edison for example, though he studied for only three months in primary school, he studied hard by himself most of his life and had made a lot of great inventions. Nowadays, a lot of college graduates have lost their jobs because they are not suitable to do the job or they cannot get used to the working environment. So what really matters is that whether you can learn what is really needed at work, which you can also learn outside college.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing l Passage A The evolution of the American college dorm l Passage B Forerunners of football Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Passage A The evolution of the American college dorm l Lead-in l Text study l Exercises Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm Lead-in l Extended reading l Pre-reading questions

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm Lead-in - Extended reading Advantages & Disadvantages of a Dormitory Next to actually choosing a college, deciding where to live is one of the biggest decisions for a college student. Campus life is a common choice for incoming freshmen -- some colleges even require first-year students to live in dorms. With the pros and cons in mind, you can make a better decision on where to live and prepare yourself for the ups and downs of dorm living. Convenience A spot in the dorms puts you right in the thick of college life. You have a quick walk to all of your classes, your adviser's office and other campus destinations. Living on campus eliminates the need for a vehicle because everything is accessible on foot from your dorm. Most campuses have dining centers that are typically located near the dormitories. If you wake up late and don't have much time before class, you may still have a chance to grab breakfast from the dining center.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm Lead-in - Extended reading Campus Involvement On-campus living makes it easier for you to get involved in college life beyond your classes. You are surrounded by peers who are experiencing the same things as you. Hanging out in the dorms gives you a chance to meet new friends who share similar interests. Resident assistants often plan activities and events for dorm residents to offer additional social outlets. Spontaneous gatherings in the dorms are also common. Students living off campus miss out on many of these opportunities for involvement. Controlled Costs Choosing to live in a dorm allows you to budget for your expenses. You pay a set amount for your housing and your dining plan. Dorm residents aren't responsible for individual

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm Lead-in - Extended reading utility bills like their peers who live in apartments off campus. Most colleges allow students to pay in installments throughout the year. You'll know ahead of time exactly how much you'll pay each month. Your living expenses on campus may also qualify for financial aid to help offset the costs. Little Privacy With hundreds of undergrads crammed into one building, you won't find much privacy when you live in a dorm. Most dorm residents share a small room with at least one other student. You also share a restroom with the other dorm dwellers in your section of the building. Dorms don't usually offer any area for you to get away for a quiet retreat. Loud neighbors or dorm friends who invite themselves into your room interfere with your privacy even more.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm Lead-in - Extended reading Restrictions Dorm living is regulated much more than apartment life. Even before you arrive on campus you'll need to review the rules on items you're allowed to bring into the dorms. Your toaster, candles, hot plates and other potentially dangerous appliances aren't welcome, for instance. Dorms sometimes enforce quiet hours after a certain time. Some campuses also restrict visitors during certain times.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm Pre-reading questions Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1. What is your dorm like now? 2 What is your ideal dorm like? 3 Do you prefer to live on campus or off campus? Why? 1. There are six people in my dorm. It is a little bit crowded. of usdorm has ashould desk and a cabinet besides thethere bed. I don’t 2. Each My ideal be big enough first, and think it is big enough, but it is cozy and comfortable. shouldn’t be too many people in a dorm. It’sconvenient. better to have 3. I prefer to live on campus because it is very Wea separate sittinghall room. can go to bathroom the library, and theadining and the sports field whenever they are open. And many activities are held on campus. If you live off campus, it will be inconvenient to come back and forth from the campus to home.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm Text study l Text reading l Organization of the text l Language points

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A The evolution of the American college dorm 1. From the simply furnished rooms of the world’s _________________________ first campuses to today’s luxury residence halls, let’s _______________________ examine the ever-changing ways that students live. _________________________ Students’ ivory tower 2. Early dorms were enclosed and simply furnished, meant to separate students from the outside world and to provide more privacy for classes and reflection. This concept of the ivory tower lasted for decades. “If you look at the dorms of the Harvard yard, the windows and doors are all on the yard side, ” says Jonathan Zimmerman, Director of the New York University’s History of Education Program. “Basically, what you see from the outside is a wall. ”

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A The evolution of the American college dorm Dorms for male and female students 3. Traditionally, residence halls were occupied by male students _________________________ who were forced to observe strict dress codes, compulsory _________________________ church services, and dorm rules of various kinds. _____ In the ____________________ 1940 s, with most of the country’s college age men serving in _________________________ World War II, more women began applying to universities _________________________ and got accepted. Female-only dorms were built, and if the ____ rules for male students seemed harsh, those for female students were even more so. Women were not allowed in male dorm rooms at any time, and until the 1960 s, they were not allowed to go out on campus after a particular time at night. But students found creative ways to escape these rules. Some sent messages to the opposite sex through Morse code in the form of flashing lights across campus.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A The evolution of the American college dorm A higher education boom 4. The 1950 s and 60 s saw a surge in political and civil rights debates in America, with the college campus taking center stage. In 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson outlined his plans for Affirmative Action in a graduation speech at the historically black Howard University. Meanwhile, huge state and federal spending led to a boom in dorm construction, as minority and disadvantaged students began flocking to campuses nationwide. In 1958, the University of California’s nine campuses could house only 2, 900 students. By 1970, they had residential space for nearly 20, 000.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A The evolution of the American college dorm Old meets new 5. The dorms of the 1950 s were ill-equipped to handle the computer revolution of the 1980 s. It__________ took a long time and much money to rewire the buildings, as it did to equip their ________________________ “For today’s college students, ” writer Nicholas residents. Carr says, “Facebook is the dorm and Wikipedia is the library. ” ________________________ More buck, more bang ________________________ 6. While state and federal funding has been reduced, tuition ___________ has increased greatly—as has the need for better facilities to justify the higher tuition. From 1995 to 2004, just 17% of the 113 residence halls constructed on college campuses were traditional dorms, the vast majority were apartment-style suites.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A The evolution of the American college dorm 7. 8. Trend of luxury dorms Tanning salons, shopping malls, and pool waterfalls are ________________________ some of the facilities offered at colleges across the country, ________________________ like Boston University’s new 35 -foot climbing wall. Sandy _____________________ Baum, a senior analyst of higher education policy, says, “Students are driving the trend. It’s not so much colleges wanting to be country clubs; it’s students who want to live in country clubs. ” Some critics argue such grand accommodations distract students from college’s real purpose. However, Jonathan Zimmerman argues, “The undergraduate university experience should be about getting kids to answer the basic question—What is a life worth living? By making all these lovely things for the kids, we are answering that question for them. ”

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A The evolution of the American college dorm 9. Not everyone agrees with the luxury-dorm enthusiasm. Berea College in Kentucky has adopted a unique approach to the problem of limited budgets and spoiled kids: Dorms are furnished by the college crafts workshops, food is provided by the school’s farm, and students are required to ____ work 10 hours a week in various campus jobs. “It is about identity and the culture you want to _____________________ develop, ” say the college authorities. “In the end, _____________________ every community has choices to make. It’s who you _____________________ choose to be. ” ______

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm Organization of the text 1 Part I (Para. ______) College dorm in change. Structure Part II (Para. ______) 2 -9 The changing history of American college dorm.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm From the simply furnished rooms of the world’s first campuses to today’s luxury residence halls, let’s examine the (Line 1, Para. 1) ever-changing ways that students live. 从世界上最早的大学校园里设施简单的房间，到如今 奢华的学生公寓，让我们了解一下不断变化的大学宿 舍吧。 ever-changing: marked by continuous change or effective action千变万化的，变幻无穷 的，日新月异的 In the ever-changing 21 st century, even the word "habit" carries a negative connotation. 在不断变化的21世纪，连“习惯”这个词都承载了负面 的内涵。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm Traditionally, residence halls were occupied by male students who were forced to observe strict dress codes, compulsory church services, and dorm rules of various kinds. (Line 1, Para. 3) 在过去，大学宿舍里住的都是清一色的男生。他们必 须遵守严格的着装规范，去教堂做礼拜，还得遵守各 种各样的寝室规则。 of various kinds: “of+抽象名词”作后置定语，当抽象名 词表种类、数量、度量等时, 表示不同的人或物的共 同特征, 此时名词前通常带有冠词或量词。 We are of the same age.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm In the 1940 s, with most of the country’s college age men serving in World War II, more women began applying to (Line 4, Para. 3) universities and got accepted. 在 20 世纪 40 年代，美国大多数的大学适龄男性都 踏上了二战战场，于是越来越多女性开始申请进入大 学就读，并被录取。 with most of the country’s college-age men serving in World War II 在句中作状语表示原因。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm It took a long time and much money to rewire the buildings, as it did to equip their residents. (Line 2, Para. 5) 如此一来，为宿舍楼重新布线，同为学生宿舍增添设 备一样，成为一项投资大、耗时久的 程。 as 在句中引导方式状语从句，意为“像”，“按照⋯⋯的方 式”。 You must do everything as I do. 你任何事情都要照我做的那样去做。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm While state and federal funding has been reduced, tuition has increased greatly—as has the need for better facilities to justify the higher tuition. (Line 1, Para. 6) 州政府和联邦政府对大学投入的资金逐渐减少，大学 学费却飙升了起来。为了使高额的学费物有所值，对 更优越的生活设施的需求也随之增长。 as 引导原因状语从句，这句话因其主语 the need for better facilities to justify the higher tuition 太长，所以使 用倒装语序，正常的语序为 as the need for better facilities to justify the higher tuition has (increased)，省 略了和主句相同的谓语动词 increased。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm Tanning salons, shopping malls, and pool waterfalls are some of the facilities offered at colleges across the country, like Boston University’s new 35 -foot climbing wall. (Line 1, Para. 7) 日光浴沙龙、购物中心、瀑布泳池，这些都是美国大 学提供的生活设施的一部分，像波士顿大学就新建了 一面 35 英尺高的攀岩墙。 offered at colleges across the country 为过去分词短语 作后置定语。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm It is about identity and the culture you want to develop, ” say the college authorities. “In the end, every community has choices to make. It’s who you choose to be. ” (Line 8, Para. 9) “问题在于你想创造怎样的校园和怎样的文化，”校 方说。“最终每个学校都要作出选择，关键在于你选 择成为什么。” you want to develop为定语从句，修饰“identity and the culture”，中间省略了关系代词that。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm be occupied by sb. (Line 1, Para. 3) 被某人居住 这座楼去年被新房主收购并居住。 The building was purchased and occupied by its new owner last year.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm observe (Line 2, Para. 3) v. to do what you are supposed to do according to a law or agreement, etc. 遵守；奉行（法律或协议等） A court must observe the principles of natural justice. 法庭必须奉行自然公正的原则。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm not so much … (Line 6, Para. 7) used for saying that one thing or fact is true or important rather than another 与其说⋯⋯不如说 It’s not so much Mandy I’m worried about, it’s you. 我担心的不是曼迪，而是你。 It was not so much that the work was difficult, but that it was so boring. 与其说 作难做，不如说 作乏味。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm be worth (doing) sth. (Line 6, Para. 8) 值得（做）某事 It’s worth talking to your adviser before making your final decision. 在做最终决定前和你的顾问/指导教师商量一下是值 得的。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– The evolution of the American college dorm craft (Line 5, Para. 9) a job or activity in which you make things with your hands, and that you usually need skill to do 艺；手艺 He's a master of the actor's craft. 他演技精湛。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Passage A– Exercises l Comprehension l Vocabulary & structure l Translation Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Comprehension 1. Complete the following table with the information from the passage. Evolution of Characteristics the dorm enclosed and Students’ ivory Early dorms were 1)_____ tower 2)_________; the windows and simply furnished yard side doors are all on the 3)______. Dorms for male Traditionally, residence halls were occupied 1940 s and female by male students. In the 4)______ , students more women began applying to universities and got accepted. Female-only dorms were built. Early rules for male students seemed harsh 5)_____ , but those for female students were even more so.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Comprehension Evolution of the dorm A higher education boom Characteristics federal spending state and 7)____ Huge 6)______ led to a boom in dorm construction, as minority and disadvantaged students began flocking to campuses nationwide. Old meets new It took a long time and much money to rewire the ill-equipped buildings. 8)____ More buck, more bang From 1995 to 2004, just 17% of the 113 residence halls constructed on college campuses were traditional dorms, the vast apartment-style suites. majority were 9)________ shopping malls , and Trend of luxury Tanning salons, 10)_______ dorms pool waterfalls are some of the facilities offered at colleges across America.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Comprehension 2. Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1 How do you understand the quotation “Facebook is the dorm and Wikipedia is the library. ” in Paragraph 5? 2 Do you agree with what Sandy Baum says: “Students are driving the trend. It’s not so much colleges wanting to be country clubs; it’s students who want to live in country clubs. ”? Why or why not?

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Comprehension 2. Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1 How do you understand the quotation “Facebook is the dorm and Wikipedia is the library. ” in Paragraph 5? Internet plays a very important part in today’s students’ life. Students often rely on Facebook to get information about their friends, so Facebook serves as a necessary platform for students to keep in touch with their friends. When students need to search information or do research, they go online directly to browse Wikipedia instead of going to the library to read books.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Comprehension 2. Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 2 Do you agree with what Sandy Baum says: “Students are driving the trend. It’s not so much colleges wanting to be country clubs; it’s students who want to live in country clubs. ”? Why or why not? I quite agree with what he says. Students can decide where to live—to live on campus or off campus. In order to attract more students to live on campus, colleges have to provide students with better facilities to serve them better. Students are the decisive element rather than colleges in driving this trend.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Vocabulary and structure 1. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form if necessary. accommodation facility distract outline justify 1. In the coming years a variety of new experiments would justified reveal whether such concerns are ______. 2. When traveling with family or friends, make sure that the ________ accommodation you select allows you to spend quality time together.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Vocabulary and structure 1. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form if necessary. facility outline distract facilities for disabled people. 3. The hotel has special _____ distracting 4. The couple behind us kept _______ everyone by talking during the movie. outlining their 5. Each member of staff received a letter _____ responsibilities and duties.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Vocabulary and structure 2. Complete the following sentences with proper prepositions or adverbs. 1. The island is experiencing a surge ____ in tourism. 2. Some working moms worry about the conflicting demands ______ home and job. between with 3. There is not enough money to equip the lab ____ the latest computer system. by 4. In English the letter “Q” is always followed ____ a “U”.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Vocabulary and structure 3. Add the prefix “ill-” to the words given below. Then complete the following sentences with the words thus formed. serve advise inform treat prepare 1. We would definitely reject this _______ ill-advised decision. ill-served 2. She believes women have been _______ by the medical system in rural areas. 3. He was _______ ill-informed and misunderstood her intentions. ill-treating/ill-treat his wife. 4. I cannot stand to see him ________ ill-prepared 5. He was _______ for the demands of being a father.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Vocabulary and structure 4. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word to fill in each blank. I think it is better for college students to live on 1)____ during their first two years, and then move out for off-campus life because juniors and seniors need more independence. Students’ needs change over the four years, 2)____ should their housing. Living on campus makes it easier to get oriented to the way things are done at university. Besides, you can interact 3)____ with other students. This includes not only your roommates, but everyone on campus. 1 A school ✔ B campus C university 2 A too ✔ B so C either 3 ✔ A more B less C equally

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Vocabulary and structure 4. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word to fill in each blank. The older students can be a big help for the new students. Keeping 4)____ with studies in your first 4 A on B up ✔ year is hard enough. You should not C in have to worry about finding your way around and figuring out the university administration. 　 　 Living on campus also makes a student feel more a part of the university community. In return, they can get more 5)____ for 5 A alternatives ✔ B opportunities becoming involved in university C aims activities and networking with other students and university administration.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Vocabulary and structure 4. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word to fill in each blank. Living off campus, however, is a definite positive 6)____ for older students. Finding an apartment, dealing with leases (租 约 ) and the landlord’s regulations, cooking meals, and figuring out budgets are all good practice for life after graduation. This kind of experience helps students grow into 7)____. Off-campus life also gives students a better perspective 8)____ what is going on around them. University students in ivory 6 A chance B advantage ✔ C experience 7 A adult B grown-up C adulthood ✔ 8 A in B with C on ✔

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Vocabulary and structure 4. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word to fill in each blank. towers have 9)____ contact with the outside world. Getting to know neighbors who are not students is good for students. It is a chance to find out what other people think and feel. 　 　 I think a 10)____ of two years on campus and two years off campus is beneficial for most students. 9 ✔ A little B similar C a lot of 10 A link B connection C combination ✔

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Translation 1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. Early dorms were enclosed and simply furnished, meant to separate students from the outside world and to provide more privacy for classes and reflection. _______________________ 早期的学生宿舍都是封闭式的，且装修简朴，目的是 _______________________ 把学生与外面的世界隔绝开来，为他们的学习与思考 _______________________ 提供更多私人空间。 2. The 1950 s and 60 s saw a surge in political and civil rights debates in America, with the college campus taking center stage. 20世纪的50和60年代见证了美国关于政治权利与民权 ________________________ 的辩论浪潮，而大学校园则是人们辩论的中心场所。 ________________________

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A– Translation 2. Translate the following sentences into English with the help of the words given in brackets. 以前的大学宿舍条件一般都很差，但现在很多学校 都努力为学生提供舒适的生活环境。很多老旧宿舍已进 行了改建，并配置了新的设施，比如电视、网络和空调， 在很大程度上改善了学生生活。(ill-equipped, renovate, furnish) The college dorms used to be ill-equipped, but now _________________________ many universities try to provide students with a _________________________ comfortable living environment. Many old dorms have been _________________________ renovated and furnished with new facilities, such as TVs, _________________________ the Internet, and air-conditioners, which have improved _________________________ students’ life to a great degree. _________________________

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Passage B Forerunners of football l Lead-in l Text study l Exercises Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Passage B– Forerunners of football Lead-in l Pre-reading activity l Video appreciation Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football Pre-reading 1. Where do you think football originates in? I think football originates in China during the Warring States Period.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football Pre-reading 2. What do you know about the history of football in China? I know little about the history of football in China. But I heard that a game called cuju was played at ancient times first as a means to train military soldiers, then gradually spread from the army to the upper classes, and finally became popular among the public.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Passage B– Forerunners of football Lead-in - Video appreciation Cuju Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Passage B– Forerunners of football Text study l Text reading l Organization of the text l Language points Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B Forerunners of football 1. ________________________ Known as “the beautiful game”, football is by far the most popular sport in the world. Over 250 million people play it ___________ and many, many more watch it live in the stadiums or on TV. But where and when did people first play the game? There are many possible answers. One problem for historians to _____________ decide upon is: Which game played with a ball using feet can _________________________ actually be called the forerunner of football? ___________________ 2. _________________________ Some historians believe football originates from the ancient ball games played in Egypt around 1800 B. C. , which were part _________________________ of religious ceremonies. However, there is no clear evidence __________ that anyone actually kicked the ball.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B Forerunners of football 3. In China, historical records reveal that a ball game by the name of cuju was played as early as the Warring States Period, which bears some resemblance to the modern game of football. Players kicked a ball stuffed with feathers and hair around a _________________________ pitch, trying to keep possession and attempting to score before _________________________ the other team dispossessed them. Back then, cuju was used ______________ to train military soldiers due to the fierce nature of the sport. During the Han Dynasty, the popularity of cuju gradually spread from the army to the royal courts and upper classes. At the same time, cuju games became standardized as rules were established.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B Forerunners of football 4. The Indians of Mexico and Central America played a game with a rubber ball. The playing field looked like the capital letter “I”, with walls_________________ around. Attached on the two long sidewalls were stone or wooden rings and the aim of the game __________________________ was to project the ball through the rings. The game served as ___________ both a competitive contest and a ritual ceremony. 5. In Canada, the Inuit tribes reportedly played a game on ice called Aqsaqtuk. They used animal skins to make the balls and filled them with grass, animal hair, or moss. They played the game on huge playing fields. One story says two villages played against each other with goals five kilometres apart.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B Forerunners of football 6. British people often think that they invented the game of football. Actually, football appeared in Britain during the eighth century, not as a recreational sport, but as a war game. A legendary tale tells that when a Danish prince was beheaded, his head was used as a ball and was kicked around. Since then, people began to play a game where they kicked a ball into a goal. Whether this is true or not, a game with a ball that people kicked around was popular in the 12 th century. But it is hard to call it football. Many people participated in the ________________ game, with tens or even hundreds of people on each side. __________________________ There were very few rules, if any. The game was usually very _________ violent that several kings banned it, thinking it might incite sin and violence. But this did not stop people from playing the game.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B Forerunners of football 7. Many people think that the U. S. has only just discovered _______________________ football, or soccer, as they call it, to distinguish it from _______________________ American football. In fact, by the time of the arrival of the first _________________________ white people on the American continent, the native Americans __________________________ had been playing a game called Pasuckuakohowog, meaning __________________________ “they gather to play ball with the foot”. Up to 1, 000 people ________________ might play in the game, often in a rough, dangerous manner. The game could last for hours and was often carried on from __________________________ one day to the next, followed by a celebratory feast. Like the _____________________ early football games in Britain, there were almost no regulations and there was a lot of bloodshed.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B Forerunners of football 8. Although we know many stories about football in different countries, we still can’t say for sure when ___________ or where it was first played. But what’s important is that football has now become a worldwide game _________________________ which many people are crazy about and participate _________________________ in. It not only brings happiness to people, but helps establish friendships and promote cultural exchanges between countries.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football Organization of the text 1 Part I (Para. ______) Question: What game is the forerunner of football? Structure Part II (Para. ______) 2 -7 Possible answers: the author investigates several ancient games as possible forerunners of football. 8 Part III (Para. _____) Conclusion: Although no sure answer is found, football plays an important role in relationships between countries.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football Known as “the beautiful game”, football is by far the most popular sport in the world. (Line 1, Para. 1) 作为“美丽的游戏”，足球是迄今为止世界上最受欢迎 的运动。 by far: 到目前为止 她是我见过的最有才智的女人。 She is by far the most intelligent woman I have ever seen.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football One problem for historians to decide upon is: Which game played with a ball using feet can actually be called the (Line 6, Para. 1) forerunner of football? 对历史学家们来说，要确定的一个问题是：哪一个用 脚玩的球类运动能真正被称作足球的先驱呢？ played with a ball 为过去分词短语作定语。 using feet 为现在分词短语作定语。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football Some historians believe football originates from the ancient ball games played in Egypt around 1800 B. C. , which were (Line 1, Para. 2) part of religious ceremonies. 有些历史学家认为，足球起源于公元前 1800 年左右 的埃及古代球类竞赛，这些竞赛是宗教仪式的一部分。 which引 导 了 非 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 ， 其 先 行 词 为 the ancient ball games。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football Players kicked a ball stuffed with feathers and hair around a pitch, trying to keep possession and attempting to score before the other team dispossessed them. (Line 5, Para. 3) 球员们在一块场地上踢一个塞满了羽毛和毛发的球， 队员们努力控球并争取在另一个队夺走球权之前得分。 trying to keep possession 和 attempting to score 为现在 分词短语作状语。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football Attached on the two long sidewalls were stone or wooden rings and the aim of the game was to project the ball through the rings. (Line 4, Para. 4) 两边墙上固定着石头或者木制的圆环，比赛的目标就 是把球投进这些圆环里。 attached on the two long sidewalls were stone or wooden rings 使用了倒装语序，表示方位的状语放在句首，句 子完全倒装。 地上坐着一群年轻人。 Seated on the ground are a group of young people.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football Many people participated in the game, with tens or even hundreds of people on each side. There were very few rules, if any. (Line 11, Para. 6) 许多人参与这种比赛，每边有几十甚至上百个人，也 几乎没有什么比赛规则。 with tens or even hundreds of people on each side 作伴 随状语，表示状态或者说明情况。 他睡着了，头枕着胳膊。 He was asleep with his head on his arms.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football Many people participated in the game, with tens or even hundreds of people on each side. There were very few rules, if any. (Line 11, Para. 6) if any: 如果有的话 There are few, if any, mistakes in the book. 即使有，这部书也只有极少的错误。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football Many people think that the U. S. has only just discovered football, or soccer, as they call it, to distinguish it from American football. (Line 1, Para. 7) 许多人认为，美国人刚刚发现足球不久，他们把它叫 做 soccer，目的是与美式足球区分开。 as they call it 在句中作插入语。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football In fact, by the time of the arrival of the first white people on the American continent, the native Americans had been playing a game called Pasuckuakohowog, meaning “they gather to play ball with the foot”. (Line 3, Para. 7) 事实上，早在第一批白人到达美洲大陆的时候，美洲 的土著就一直在玩一种叫做 Pasuckuakohowog 的游 戏，意为“他们聚在一起用脚踢球”。 meaning “they gather to play ball with the foot” 的用法 为现在分词短语作定语，修饰 Pasuckuakohowog。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football The game could last for hours and was often carried on from one day to the next, followed by a celebratory feast. (Line 7, Para. 7) 比赛可能持续几个小时，通常一天进行不完第二天继 续，接下来会有一个庆功宴。 followed by a celebratory feast 为过去分词短语作状语

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football But what’s important is that football has now become a worldwide game which many people are crazy about and participate in. (Line 3, Para. 8) 但重要的是，足球现在已经成为一项许多人为之疯狂 并踊跃参与的全球性运动。 what’s important is that football has now become a worldwide game 为 what 引导的主语从句，what 在句 中作主语。 我们做的一切都是徒劳。 What we did is in vain.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football decide upon / on (Line 7, Para. 1) to choose sth. or sb. after thinking carefully （仔细考虑后） 决定；选定 大学毕业生正处在人生的关键时期——他们需要对自 己的事业路线图做出选择。 College graduates are at a stage in their lives when they have to decide upon a career path.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Passage B– Forerunners of football originate from (Line 1, Para. 2) 发源于；开始于 所有理论都来源于实践。 All theories originate from practice. Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football be stuffed with sth. (Line 5, Para. 3) 被⋯⋯装满 这些箱子装满了我弟弟的玩具。 These boxes are stuffed with toys that belong to my little brother.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football spread (Line 11, Para. 3) v. to gradually affect or cover a larger area 扩展；蔓延 火势从 厂蔓延到了附近的仓库。 The fire spread from the factory to the warehouse nearby.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football project (Line 6, Para. 4) v. to throw sth. up or forward with great force 投掷；发射 这个设备的作用就是把导弹发射到太空中。 The function of this equipment is to project missiles into space.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football whether it is true or not (Line 9, Para. 6) 不论是不是真的 无论这是不是真的，我们都要重新考虑当前的形势。 Whether it is true or not, we have to reconsider the current situation.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Passage B– Forerunners of football kick sth. around (Line 10, Para. 6) 把某物踢来踢去 两个小孩正把球踢来踢去。 A couple of children were kicking a ball around. Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Passage B– Forerunners of football distinguish sth. from sth. (Line 2, Para. 7) 把⋯⋯与⋯⋯区分开 他分不出这个与普通水有什么差别。 He couldn’t distinguish it from plain water. Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football by the time (Line 3, Para. 7) used for saying what has already happened at the time sth. else happens 到⋯⋯的时候 我们到家的时候他已经走了。 He had left by the time we reached home.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football carry on (Line 8, Para. 7) to continue doing something 继续进行（从事）某事 他做洗衣生意一直做到退休。 He carried on his laundry business until he retired.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Forerunners of football be crazy about sth. / sb. (Line 4, Para. 8) to like sb. very much, or to be very interested in sth. 对某人 / 某物着迷；醉心于某人 / 某物 汤姆对乒乓球很着迷。 Tom is crazy about table tennis.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Passage B– Exercises l Comprehension l Vocabulary & structure l Translation l Oral work Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Comprehension 1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). F 1 In ancient Egypt, people kicked the ball as part of the religious ceremonies. T 2 The game cuju was standardized during the Han Dynasty in China. T 3 The Inuit tribes in Canada were said to play Aqsaqtuk on ice.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Comprehension 1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). T 4 Football was once banned in Britain by some kings because it was very violent. F 5 There were established regulations for football games since their start in the U. S. T 6 Although we know many stories about football in different countries, we still cannot be sure of the origin of football.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Comprehension 2. Complete the following table with the information from the passage. Name Where When Material For what Egypt religious 1. around ______ ceremonies ____ 1800 B. C. cuju 2. ______ feathers 3. ______ training China the Warring and hair _______ military States soldiers _______ Period Mexico 4. ______ competitive rubber 5. a______ and _______ contest and a Central _______ ritual ceremony America

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Comprehension 2. Complete the following table with the information from the passage. Name Where Aqsaqtuk Canada _______ Pasuckua- 7. America kohowog When Material 6. animal _____ skins ______ and grass , animal hair, or moss For what

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Vocabulary and structure 1. Complete the following words according to their definitions. The first letter of each word is given for your reference. orerunner 1 f_____ tadium 2 s_____ eremony 3 c____ vidence 4 e____ loodshed 5 b____ n. sb. or sth. that is an early example or a sign of sth. that comes later n. a building for sports, consisting of a field surrounded by rows of seats n. a formal or traditional set of actions used at an important social or religious event n. facts, objects, or signs that show that sth. exists or is true n. the killing of people, usually in fighting or war.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Vocabulary and structure 2. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form if necessary. regulation violent aparticipate 1. A couple of men started fighting and we had to pull them apart _______. 2. This area of the city has become a breeding ground for violent crimes. ____ 3. There are rules and ______ regulations that we all have to obey. 4. We asked a company spokesman to join the debate, but he participate refused to ______.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Vocabulary and structure 3. Complete the following sentences with the expressions given below. Change the form if necessary. be made of distinguish… from stop… from participate in bear a resemblance to 1. I bet this necklace ______ is made of glass instead of crystal. bears a resemblance to the original novel. 2. The movie ___________ participate in the 3. They welcomed the opportunity to _______ field research. distinguish one twin ____ from 4. It is hard to ______ the other. stop us _______ from enjoying the trip. 5. The rain didn’t _______

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Vocabulary and structure 4. Combine the sentence beginnings in Column A with the endings in Column B to form complete sentences. Column A Column B Known as the “Spring City, ”… … is a birthday card. Whether it is true or not, … … Kunming has a very agreeable climate. Attached to the flowers… … as early as next week. The money could be paid… … the rumor will not influence my attitude toward you.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Translation 1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. In China, historical records reveal that a ball game by the name of cuju was played as early as the Warring States Period, which bears some resemblance to the modern game of football. 在中国，历史记录表明，早在春秋战国时期，人们就 ________________________ 开始玩一种叫“蹴鞠”的球类运动，这种运动与现代足 ________________________ 球运动有一些相似之处。 ________________________ 2. Many people think that the U. S. has only just discovered football, or soccer, as they call it, to distinguish it from American football. ________________________ 许多人认为，美国人刚刚发现足球不久，他们把它叫 ________________________ 做soccer，目的是与美式足球区分开。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Translation 2. Translate the following sentences into English with the help of the words and expressions given in brackets. 现代足球运动的规则可以追溯到 19 世纪。尽管当时 足球运动已经在一些欧洲国家普及开来，但由于规则不 统一，给比赛带来了不便。据说在 1848 年，牛津和剑桥 的学生为此制定了一些规则，这些规则逐渐演变成了现 代足球的规则。(date back to, reportedly) The regulations of modern football game can be traced back to the 19 th century. Although the football game has already spread across the whole Europe by then, the regulations of the game have not been standardized, bringing a lot of inconvenience to the game. Reportedly, in 1848, students from Cambridge and Oxford made a few regulations about the game which have evolved into modern regulations of football.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Oral work Work in groups to do the following activity. Your college is going to hold a football culture festival. As a member of the organizing committee, work out a proposal for it. Then make a report to the class. You may consider the following aspects: • purpose • slogan • major contents of the festival

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Oral work Work in groups to do the following activity. • The purpose of the festival is to let more students know more about football. • Major activities include: football match, football seminar, football technique show, football-related equipment show and so forth. • All faculties can take part in the festival, but if you want to participate in the football match, you should organize your own team. For each team you should have at least 15 team members including the captain of the team. For football seminar, participants should submit PPTs in advance. All participants should prepare football gear by themselves.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B– Oral work Work in groups to do the following activity. • The slogan of the festival is “Football game, My dream. ” • The schedule of the festival is as follows: Day 1 -Day 4: football match, time: 9: 00 -15: 00, place: school stadium Day 5: football seminar, time: 8: 30 -12: 00, place: library lecture hall Day 6: football technique show, time: 13: 00 -15: 00, place: school stadium Day 7: football-related equipment show, time: 14: 00 -16: 00, place: Room 2412, school building No. 2

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing l The subjunctive mood (虚拟语气) (II) l Exercises Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Grammar- The subjunctive mood I. 虚拟语气可用于表示命令、要求、决定、建议等意义的 词之后的that 从句中： 1. 用于important，necessary，desirable，advisable， better，essential，urgent，vital等形容词之后的主语 从句中。 e. g. 1) I thought it important that we (should) speak politely. 2) It is advisable that she (should) take this medicine three times a day.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Grammar- The subjunctive mood 2. 用于advise，ask，suggest，demand，order，require， decide，insist，recommend，request，urge，propose 等动词之后的宾语从句中。 e. g. 1) Our teacher suggested that we (should) leave early. 2) I recommend that everyone who loves music (should) watch this movie about Mozart. 由这些动词构成的it is v-ed that…句型中，从句中也使 用虚拟语气。 e. g. It is ordered that we (should) start the work at once.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Grammar- The subjunctive mood 3. 用于decision，demand，idea，wish，suggestion， advice，order，requirement，instruction等名词之后 的表语从句和同位语从句中。 e. g. 1) Their decision was that the school (should) remain closed. 2) They expressed the wish that they (should) be given more free time. 注：上述结构中的情态动词should可以省略。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Grammar- The subjunctive mood II. 虚拟语气还可用于其他结构和句型，常见的包括以下几 种： 1. as if / as though引导的状语从句中，可以用虚拟语气 表示所述事情与实际不符。 e. g. 1) She talks about that famous film star as if / as though she knew him. 2) He looked at me as if / as though he had met me before.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Grammar- The subjunctive mood e. g. 1) If only I could swim. 2) I wish I knew what was going to happen. 3) We wish we had taken your advice, but we didn’t. 4. would rather之后的从句中，可以用虚拟语气表示情 愿某事已经或没有发生。 e. g. 1) I’d rather you had told him this news. 2) I’d rather you kept it a secret.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Grammar- Exercises 1. Rewrite the following sentences using the subjunctive mood. Sample: He ordered the books to be sent at once. He ordered that the books (should) be sent at once. 1. I think it is necessary for a secretary to be appointed at once. I think it is necessary that a secretary (should) be ________________________ appointed at once. ________________________ 2. It’s advisable for all the applicants to be interviewed one by one. It’s advisable that all the applicants (should) be ________________________ interviewed one by one. ________________________

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Grammar- Exercises 1. Rewrite the following sentences using the subjunctive mood. 3. The general commanded the soldiers to advance immediately. The general commanded that the soldiers (should) ________________________ advance immediately. ________________________ 4. The police ordered us to stay where we were. The police ordered that we (should) stay where we were. ________________________ 5. What do you think of my proposal of doing the experiment again? What do you think of my proposal that we (should) do ________________________ the experiment again? ________________________

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Grammar- Exercises 2. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words given in brackets. were 1. What’s the matter? You’re looking at me as if I ____ (be) crazy. had been 2. He talked about Rome as though he ______ (be) there himself. were (be) not raining. 3. I wish it ____ could accept (accept) this offer. 4. If only he ______ ordered (order) dinner. 5. I think it’s time we _____ wrote 6. I’d rather you _____ (write) the letter right away.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing l Cover letters l Exercises Writing Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Writing- Cover letters Sample Dear Sir / Madam: March 21, 2013 I am writing to apply for the position of music teacher you advertised on 51 job. com on March 12, 2013. Your advertisement interests me because the position that you described seems exactly the kind of job I am seeking. And my education and related experience give me the confidence that I am the right person for the job.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Writing- Cover letters I am an undergraduate of East China Normal University, majoring in Piano. I’m going to get the degree of Bachelor of Music this June. I started to learn piano when I was five years old and I really love it. I’ve taken part in many piano competitions both at home and abroad and have won many awards. Four years’ systematic learning at university has prepared me with the solid knowledge and skills to teach piano. I have worked as a private piano teacher since 2011, and have taught five students piano. I received high praise from my students and their

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Writing- Cover letters parents because of my skill, my patience, and my sense of responsibility. I believe I’ll prove to be a worthy and qualified piano teacher. I would appreciate your taking time to consider my enclosed resume and if there is any additional information you require, please contact me. I am looking forward to an opportunity to meet you for a personal interview. Yours respectfully, Zhou Na

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Writing- Exercises Write a cover letter in English for the job advertised in the job wanted ad for which you write the resume in Unit 7. June 15, 2013 Dear Sir / Madam: I am writing to apply for the position of manager assistant you advertised on hrb 58. com on June 1, 2013. I’m very interested in your advertisement because the position that you described seems just the one I am hunting for. And I also believe that you will be satisfied with my education and relevant experience for the job.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Writing- Exercises I am an undergraduate of Zhengzhou University, majoring in English. I’m good at both written and oral English. I’ve taken part in many English skills competitions and have won many awards. What’s more, I’ve passed BEC Higher Level. In addition to English, I’m also a proficient user of Word, Excel, Power. Point, and the Internet. I worked as the part-time marketing assistant for Minglang Import & Export Company for a year. My duties include typing, filing, answering phone calls, scheduling appointments, etc. I’ve received high praise from my colleagues and boss because of my excellent performance. All these have prepared me with the knowledge and skills for a qualified manager assistant.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Writing- Exercises I would be grateful for your taking time to consider my enclosed resume and I’m ready for providing any additional information you require. The opportunity to meet you for a personal interview is expected. Yours respectfully, Marsha

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express l Video appreciation l The World Cup l Questions Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express– Video appreciation We are one (Ole ole) Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express- The World Cup is the most important competition in international football (soccer). Organized by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA), the sport’s governing body, the World Cup is contested by the men’s national football teams who are FIFA members. The World Cup has been held every four years since 1930, except during World War II. The competition consists of international sectional qualifying tournaments, which lead to a final elimination event made up of 32 national teams.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Culture express- The World Cup Unlike Olympic football, World Cup teams are not limited to players of a certain age or amateur status, so the competition is more likely to be a contest between the world’s best players. The World Cup never stops arousing the passion of football fans and lovers. Followed and watched by billions of people worldwide, it has by far the greatest audience of any single sporting event in the world. And the glistening gold trophy (奖杯) awarded to the winner is the dream of every football player. Writing Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express- Exercises Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1 Do you like football? Why or why not? 2 Do you like watching the World Cup? Why do you think the World Cup is so popular worldwide?

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express- Exercises Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1 Do you like football? Why or why not? • Yes, I do. Playing football helps me get stronger and healthier. Football is a kind of competitive activity, which can be very stimulating. Football is also a kind of team cooperation, which helps me build the sense of team work. • No, I don’t. I think it’s too competitive and it’s easy to get hurt while playing.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express- Exercises Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 2 Do you like watching the World Cup? Why do you think the World Cup is so popular worldwide? Yes, I do. Firstly, the World Cup is an international football competition in which the world’s best players participate. People love to watch the game because they are interested in their own country’s performance. In addition, when watching the World Cup, people can appreciate their favorite football stars’ beautiful football skills, their cooperation and passion. So, it is not unusual for people to skip work to watch their national team play.

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