Listener Client Server Listener tnsnames ora sqlnet ora

概述: Listener 进程 Client Server Listener tnsnames. ora sqlnet. ora listener. ora

传递会话 Client Spawned server process 5 4 3 2 1 listener Server

静态的服务注册: listener. ora 文件 当Oracle软件被安装时, listener. ora 文件就被自动创 建, 并且具有下列的默认设置: • • • Listener name LISTENER Port 1521 Protocols TCP/IP and IPC SID name Default instance Host name Default host name

静态的服务注册: listener. ora 文件 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. LISTENER = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL= TCP)(Host= stc-sun 02)(Port= 1521)) ) SID_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (ORACLE_HOME= /home/oracle) (GLOBAL_DBNAME = ORCL. us. oracle. com) (SID_NAME = ORCL) ) 10. . sample additional SID description. . . )

动态的服务注册: : 配置PMON • • 默认的, PMON 在具有下面配置值的本地监听器上注册 服务: – Listener name LISTENER – Port 1521 – Protocols TCP/IP – SID name Default instance – Host name Default host name PMON可以注册到非默认的监听器上, 通过下面的方法: – 在 INIT. ORA中定义LOCAL_LISTENER – 在INIT. ORA文件中配置DISPATCHERS 参数 (共享服务 器 方式)

LSNRCTL 命令 使用下列命令控制监听器: • START [listener_name] • STOP [listener_name]

LSNRCTL 的SET 和 SHOW 命令 SET命令被用于在命令行控制 具环境中改变监听器的参数. LSNRCTL> SET trc_level ADMIN SHOW 命令被用于显示监听器的参数值. LSNRCTL> SHOW connect_timeout

Oracle Net Connections • To make a client or middle-tier connection, Oracle Net requires the client to know the: – Host where the listener is running – Port the listener is monitoring – Protocol the listener is using – Name of the service the listener is handling Client/application Server Oracle Net configuration files

命名解析方法 • Oracle Net supports several methods of resolving connection information: – Easy Connect – Local naming – Directory naming – External naming Client/application Server Oracle Net configuration files

Easy Connect – – 10 g默认支持 客户端不需要配置 只能使用 TCP/IP协议 高级功能不支持: – Connect-time failover – Source routing – Load balancing SQL> CONNECT hr/hr@db. us. oracle. com: 1521/dba 10 g No Oracle Net configuration files

主机命名方式的客户端配置 Server Client TCP/IP TRACE_LEVEL_CLIENT = OFF sqlnet. authentication_services = (NTS) names. directory_path = (HOSTNAME) sqlnet. ora listener. ora

主机命名方式的服务端配置 Server Client 1521 TCP/IP SID_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = stc-sun 02. us. oracle. com) (ORACLE_HOME = /u 03/ora 9 i/rel 12) (SID_NAME = TEST) sqlnet. ora listener. ora

本地命名 Client Server sqlnet. ora tnsnames. ora listener. ora

tnsnames. ora # TNSNAMES. ORA Network Configuration File: /u 03/ora 9 i/rel 12/network/admin/tnsnames. ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. MY_SERVICE. US. ORACLE. COM = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = stc-sun 02. us. oracle. com)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = TEST. us. oracle. com) ) )

sqlnet. ora # SQLNET. ORA Network Configuration File: /u 03/ora 9 i/rel 12/network/admin/sqlnet. ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. NAMES. DEFAULT_DOMAIN = us. oracle. com NAMES. DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, HOSTNAME) SQLNET. EXPIRE_TIME=0 sqlplus system/manager@MY_SERVICE SQL*Plus: Release 9. 0. 0 - Beta on Tue Feb 27 10: 11: 00 2001 (c) Copyright 2000 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle 9 i Enterprise Edition Release 9. 0. 0 - Beta JServer Release 9. 0. 0 - Beta SQL>

客户端的故障解决 下面是在客户端连接数据库时可能出现的问题和相关的错 误代码: ORA-12154 “TNS: could not resolve service name” ORA-12198 “TNS: could not find path to destination” ORA-12203 “TNS: unable to connect to destination” ORA-12533 “TNS: illegal ADDRESS parameters” ORA-12541 “TNS: no listener”