Lipids Types of Lipids Fatty Acids Fats and

  • Slides: 14
Download presentation
Lipids Types of Lipids Fatty Acids Fats, and Oils Chemical Properties of Triglycerides 1

Lipids Types of Lipids Fatty Acids Fats, and Oils Chemical Properties of Triglycerides 1

Types of Lipids • Lipids with fatty acids Waxes Fats and oils (trigycerides) Phospholipids

Types of Lipids • Lipids with fatty acids Waxes Fats and oils (trigycerides) Phospholipids Sphingolipids • Lipids without fatty acids Steroids 2

Fatty Acids • • Long-chain carboxylic acids Insoluble in water Typically 12 -18 carbon

Fatty Acids • • Long-chain carboxylic acids Insoluble in water Typically 12 -18 carbon atoms (even number) Some contain double bonds corn oil contains 86% unsaturated fatty acids and 14% saturated fatty acids 3

Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids Saturated = C–C bonds Unsaturated = one or more

Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids Saturated = C–C bonds Unsaturated = one or more C=C bonds 4

5

5

Structures Saturated fatty acids • Fit closely in regular pattern Unsaturated fatty acids •

Structures Saturated fatty acids • Fit closely in regular pattern Unsaturated fatty acids • Cis double bonds 6

Properties of Saturated Fatty Acids • Contain only single C–C bonds • Closely packed

Properties of Saturated Fatty Acids • Contain only single C–C bonds • Closely packed • Strong attractions between chains • High melting points • Solids at room temperature 7

Properties of Unsaturated Fatty Acids • Contain one or more double C=C bonds •

Properties of Unsaturated Fatty Acids • Contain one or more double C=C bonds • Nonlinear chains do not allow molecules to pack closely • Few interactions between chains • Low melting points • Liquids at room temperature 8

Reactions of carboxyl group of fatty acids 9

Reactions of carboxyl group of fatty acids 9

Reactions of alkenyl chain of unsaturated fatty acids 10

Reactions of alkenyl chain of unsaturated fatty acids 10

Fats and Oils Formed from glycerol and fatty acids 11

Fats and Oils Formed from glycerol and fatty acids 11

Triglycerides (triacylglycerols) Esters of glycerol and fatty acids 12

Triglycerides (triacylglycerols) Esters of glycerol and fatty acids 12

Saponification and Soap • Hydrolysis with a strong base • Triglycerides split into glycerol

Saponification and Soap • Hydrolysis with a strong base • Triglycerides split into glycerol and the salts of fatty acids • The salts of fatty acids are “soaps” • KOH gives softer soaps 13

Saponification 14

Saponification 14

FATTY ACIDS Fatty Acids Fatty acids are aFATTY ACIDS Fatty Acids Fatty acids are a
Lipids Types of Lipids Fatty Acids Fats andLipids Types of Lipids Fatty Acids Fats and
Lipids Types of Lipids Fatty Acids Fats andLipids Types of Lipids Fatty Acids Fats and
Fatty Acids Fatty Acids They are carboxylic acidsFatty Acids Fatty Acids They are carboxylic acids
TYPES OF FATTY ACIDS FATTY ACIDS Organic acidTYPES OF FATTY ACIDS FATTY ACIDS Organic acid
LIPIDS in Medicine Introduction Fats and Lipids FatsLIPIDS in Medicine Introduction Fats and Lipids Fats
FATS LIPIDS FATS LIPIDS Functions Cholesterol Provides energyFATS LIPIDS FATS LIPIDS Functions Cholesterol Provides energy
FATS What are Fats Types of Fats ChartFATS What are Fats Types of Fats Chart
Chapter 7 Lipids Lipid Subclasses Fatty acids FattyChapter 7 Lipids Lipid Subclasses Fatty acids Fatty
Lipids Lipids Lipids Includes fats phospholipids and steroidsLipids Lipids Lipids Includes fats phospholipids and steroids
Oxidation of fatty acids Activation of fatty acidsOxidation of fatty acids Activation of fatty acids
Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids LIPOGENESIS Fatty acids areBiosynthesis of Fatty Acids LIPOGENESIS Fatty acids are
VOLATILE FATTY ACIDS Volatile Fatty Acids Major VFAVOLATILE FATTY ACIDS Volatile Fatty Acids Major VFA