Linux Operating System A Practical Guide to Fedora
- Slides: 34
Linux Operating System A Practical Guide to Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux Chapter 5: The Command Line Interface (CLI) By Fred R. Mc. Clurg © Copyright 2016, All Rights Reserved 1
Command Line Interface (CLI) �Advantages ◦ More options ◦ Wildcards ◦ Stack multiple commands together ◦ Scriptable ◦ GUI not always available (server, telnet, single user mode) ◦ No clickity-clackity-click! 2
Special Shell Characters Some characters have meaning to the shell. Avoid using the following characters in filenames: ◦& ; | * ? ' " ◦‘ [ ] ( ) $ < > ◦ { } # / ! ~ space 3
man: Display reference manual Syntax: man [-S n] [page. . . ] 4
man: Display reference manual �Examples: ◦ Display the first manual page: �man cp ◦ Display the manual page section 5: �man –S 5 crontab �Interactive ◦ ◦ ◦ space /pattern n b v q Paging Commands: Next page Search for pattern Next pattern Backward a page Start editor at current line Exit 5
man: Display reference manual �On-Line ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Man Pages: Linux and Solaris 10 Man Pages Linux. Man. Pages. com with user comments Linux man pages at die. net Linux/Free. BSD Man Pages with user comments Man-Wiki: Linux / Solaris / UNIX / BSD On-line UNIX manual pages The UNIX and Linux Forums Man Page Repository with multiple OS search (favorite) Ubuntu Manpage Repository 7
ls: List files and directories Syntax: ls [opts] [file 1 dir 1. . . ] 8
ls -l: Long file listing Syntax: ls -l [file 1 dir 1. . . ] 9
ls -l. F: Long listing and file type Syntax: ls -l. F [file 1 dir 1. . . ] 10
ls -al: Long listing and all hidden files Syntax: ls -al [file 1 dir 1. . . ] 11
ls -lt: Sort files most recent first Syntax: ls -lt [file 1 dir 1. . . ] 13
mkdir: Make directories Syntax: mkdir [dir 1. . . ] 16
cd: Change Directory Syntax: cd [dir 1] 19
pwd: Present working directory Syntax: pwd 20
cat: Display text file contents Syntax: cat [file. . . ] 21
cat: Create a text file Syntax: cat > file 22
cat: Text via “Here” document Syntax: cat << EOF > file 23
rm: Remove files Syntax: rm [options] file [. . . ] 24
rm -i: Interactively remove files Syntax: rm -i [file. . . ] 25
rmdir: Remove directories Syntax: rmdir [dir 1. . . ] 26
rm -r: Remove directory hierarchy Syntax: rm -r [dir 1. . . ] 27
more: Display screen page Syntax: more [file. . . ] 30
less: Display screen page Syntax: less [file. . . ] 31
less is more: Display screen page 32
cp: Copy a file Syntax: cp source. File destination. File �Caution: The “cp” command will overwrite an existing destination file 36
mv: Rename a file Syntax: mv source. File destination. File �Caution: The “mv” command will overwrite an existing destination file 37
mv: Move a file Syntax: mv source. File destination. Dir Note: To force the “mv” command to moveinstead of renamea file, specify “/” after 38
|: Pipe output of one command to input of another command Syntax: command | command 49
echo: Displays a string to stdout Syntax: echo "string" 50
>>: Appending Text Syntax: echo string >> file 51
date: Displays system date and time Syntax: date [options] [+format] 53
who: List users on the system Syntax: who 72
whoami: List username of current user Syntax: whoami 73
who am i: User associated with STDIN Syntax: who am i 74
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