Linked Open Vocabularies Giorgia Lodi ESSnet Linked Open

Linked Open Vocabularies Giorgia Lodi ESSnet Linked Open Statistics – Rome Hackathon 6 th-8 th March 2019

«A single road only takes us to places between two locations; roads real value comes from being part of a network. Data works in the same way: it is not just having more data that unlocks its value, but linking it together. Data is not individual datasets, it is a network»

It defines a common language that facilitates data exchange (semantic interoperability) What’s Onto. Pi. A and what is it used for? It defines a formal model which is both machine and human reaable (i. e. , it overcomes the current practice of writing data models only through tables within PDF files!) It paves the way to the creation of data schemes used then for modelling and querying the knowledge graph of the Italian Public Administration 3

Definitions ONTOLOGIES A formal, explicit and shared representation (contextualization) of a knowledge domain, defined on the basis of specific requirements to be collected CONTROLLED VOCABULARIES A list of predefined, authentic (authoritative) terms and codes, used to facilitate data indexing and searching operations

Onto. Pi. A – Why? FACILITATE THE DEVELOPMENT FACILITATE THE OF NEW INFORMATION SYSTEMS DATA EXCHANGE ENABLE EFFECTIVE THE INTEGRATION OF DATA COMING FROM DIFFERENT DISPERSED SOURCES ENABLE THE (OPEN) DATA STANDARDIZATION

Onto. Pi. A and the FAIR principles F A I R FINDABLE ACCESSIBLE INTEROPERABLE REUSABLE we use permanent URIs to identify concepts and relations among them in the Onto. Pi. A network we use open standard protocols for the Web access (i. e. HTTP(S)) and for querying the data (i. e. SPARQL*) We use open standards for ontologies and data modelling (i. e. RDF e OWL) Onto. Pi. A is publicly avialable with an open license (CC-BY 4. 0); all the ontologies are linked to others of the Web of Data (e. g. , schema. org, 6 FOAF) * http: //ontopia. daf. teamdigitale. it/sparql

Onto. Pi. A design methodology Agile e. Xtreme Design with Ontology Design Patterns* *V. Presutti, E. Daga, A. Gangemi, E. Blomqvist “e. Xtreme Design with Content Ontology Design. Patterns”, In Proceedings of Workshop on Ontology Patterns, 2009

Onto. Pi. A design methodology Multilingualism Ontologies are available in ITA and ENG Some Controlled Vocs are also in DEU and FRA

Onto. Pi. A design methodology Direct Reuse of Onto. Pi. A concepts within Onto. Pi. A Indirect Reuse of External Ontologies * * V. Presutti, G. Lodi, A. Nuzzolese, A. Gangemi S. Peroni, L. Asprino, “The role of ontology design patterns in linked data projects”, In Proc. of International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER) 2016

Onto. Pi. A design methodology Multiple Formats RDF/XML RDF-Turtle JSON-LD

Technical approach in a nutshell. Ontology Component involved. In Italian Application Profile (AP_IT) Controlled Vocabulary Restrictions Class Property imports associated With SKOS Concept imports Alignments to external ontologies (*-aligns) sub. Class. Of, sub. Property. Of, equivalent* close. Match, exact. Match, related. Match, Ontologies and controlled vocabularies in the Web of Data

Versioning

Onto. Pi. A – URI policy Use of w 3 id. org for persistent and neutral URIs (w 3 id. org/italia) URIs of ontologies and controlled vocabulary are available in English Ontologies https: //w 3 id. org/italia/onto/. . Controlled Vocabulary https: //w 3 id. org/italia/controlledvocabulary/. . Data https: //w 3 id. org/italia/data/. .

Onto. Pi. A – Ontological Stack

Onto. Pi. A-some ontologies COV-AP_IT (CORE ORGANIZATION VOCABULARY) CPSV-AP_IT (CORE PUBLIC SERVICE VOCABULARY) IOT-AP_IT (INTERNET OF THING

Onto. Pi. A-UI docker Navigation through HTML via Lod. View (open source) Navigation through HTML via LODE (open source) 16 Machine-to-machine queries via SPARQL endpoint https: //github. com/italia/Onto. Pi. A-UI Graphical visualization (Web. OWL)

17 Onto. Pi. A – User and PA engagement COLLABORATION WITH RESEARCH INSTITUTES AND UNIVERSITIES STLab – Semantic Technologies Laboratory of Italian Council of Research (CNR), Sapienza University of Rome

Onto. Pi. A – User and PA engagement COLLABORATION WITH PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS e. g. , ISTAT, Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Italian Anticorruption Authority (ANAC), Piedmont Region, Autonomous Province of Trento, Palermo and Udine Municipalities

Onto. Pi. A – User and PA engagement END-USER ENGAGEMENT Available on Github where users can ALWAYS discuss and propose enhancements and corrections https: //github. com/italia/dafontologie-vocabolari-controllati

Onto. Pi. A - change management Open Github issues with suggestions for improvements and proposals for new ontologies and controlled vocabularies Discussion on the issues Pull Requests (PRs) submitted Review of the PRs (possible discussion and then merge)

Onto. Pi. A – its current reuse Data & Analytics Framework (National (Big) Data platform) Other projects of PA (e. g. , Ar. Co, Noi. PA) and private companies

22 ONTOLOGIES DEVELOPMENT Definition of new ontologies (e. g. , currently we have the following needs: labour ontology, education ontology, transparency ontology, web analytics ontology) Creation of online documentation to explain the creation process and the principal Onto. Pi. A’s elements ONTOPIA’S CATALOGUE – CURRENTLY UNDER REDEFINITION Enable the searching operation based on ontologies and controlled vocabularies metadata Current and Future work Enable the searching operation of single elements based on an indexing application named Ontonet. Hub we developed (https: //github. com/teamdigitale/ontonethub) FUTURE PROJECTS Understand how to use Onto. Pi. A in order to define the information architecture of Public Administrations’ web sites 22

Thanks for the attention!