Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center LCLS Update John N. Galayda, SLAC October 20, 2003 · Since the April 2002 Review · Construction Schedule, Funding Guidance · CD-1 · Basic Energy Sciences 20 -Year Roadmap · · · Start of Project Engineering Design May 2003 Review What’’s Next BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center The World’s First Hard X-ray Laser BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Capabilities Spectral coverage: 0. 15 -1. 5 nm BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Capabilities Spectral coverage: 0. 15 -1. 5 nm To 0. 5 Ǻ in 3 rd harmonic Peak Brightness: 1033 Photons/pulse: 1012 Average Brightness: 3 x 1022 Pulse duration: <230 fsec Pulse repetition rate: 120 Hz BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Capabilities Spectral coverage: 0. 15 -1. 5 nm To 0. 5 Å in 3 rd harmonic Peak Brightness: 1033 Photons/pulse: 1012 Average Brightness: 3 x 1022 Pulse duration: <230 fsec Pulse repetition rate: 120 Hz Upgrade – more bunches/pulse BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center SLAC Linac Project Description Undulator Hall Injector Near Hall Far Hall Two Chicanes for bunch compression BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Linac Coherent Light Source Photon Beam Handling Systems X-ray Transport, Optics and Diagnostics Front end systems – attenuators, shutters, diagnostics Optics – the prerequisites for LCLS experiments X-ray endstation systems Hutches, Personnel Protection Computer facilities for experiments Laser for pump/probe experiments Detectors matched to LCLS requirements Systems for first experiments in A/M/O physics BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Conventional Construction Final Focus Test Beam Extension Hall A Tunnel Hall B BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Conventional Construction Transport Undulator Hall A Tunnel Hall B 3 Beams/mirror Expansion Room for 8 -12 additional undulator lines BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Since the April 2002 DOE Review Acquisition Execution Plan Approved Preliminary Project Execution Plan Approved Critical Decision 1 Approved Guidance for Funding Profile Updated BES 20 -year Roadmap Review Environmental Assessment Approved Authorization to spend PED funds SC-81 Lehman/Carney Review Critical Decision 2 A Approved BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview 10/2002 9/2002 10/2002 1/2003 2/2003 3/2003 5/2003 7/2003 John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Estimated Cost, Revised Schedule $200 M-$240 M Total Estimated Cost range $245 M-$295 M Total Project Cost range FY 2005 Long-lead purchases for injector, undulator FY 2006 Construction begins January 2008 FEL Commissioning begins September 2008 Construction complete CD-0 FY 2001 CD-2 a FY 2002 FY 2003 2002 CD-2 b Title I Design Complete 2003 FY 2004 XFEL Commissioning CD-3 b 2004 FY 2005 FY 2006 FY 2007 FY 2008 Operation Construction CD-3 a BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview FY 2009 CD-4 John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center LCLS Organization Chief Engineer – Mark Reichanadter US CMS Project Engineer Joins SLAC June 2003 LLNL-LCLS Project Director Richard M. Bionta LLNL-ANL Project Director Stephen V. Milton LEUTL FEL accelerator research program at ANL-APS BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center 20 -Year BES Facilities Roadmap Workshop February 22 -24, 2003 Doubletree Hotel and Executive Meeting Center 1750 Rockville Pike Rockville, MD 20852 • Saturday and Sunday Facility Presentations • Sunday Night and Monday Report Writing BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Linac Coherent Light Source – Committee Conclusion Essential for exploring future science using intense femtosecond coherent X-ray beams Do. E Critical Decision 0 and 1 have been approved Recommend continued strong support BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source SLAC Akre Bentson Bong Dowell Emma Galayda Limborg Nuhn Saenz Schmerge Welch BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center ANL Patric den Hartog Steve Milton Elizabeth Moog John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Long Lead Procurements, FY 2005 - Injector The LCLS Injector Laser and Laser Room Main Mechanical Systems Early integration with SLAC Linac Laser Systems Assembly and Startup in FY 2005 LINACHOUSINGSIDEW ALL BPM E 1 VA 01 LVE SC 2 X-Y Corrector S 2 FC 2 C RFATHOD GUN E V S SC ACLVE 1 1 X- M 1 FCY 1 NETIC Mp. Ae. G tr eter S / 3 c 0 doem gpole rw otations Low-EDump LINACHOUSINGSIDEW ALL 10'A CCEL ERAT OR 10'HIGH LIN AC H 13'-3. 27" OUS ING SID EW 10'A ALL C VALSVC 3 BP ME OTCRM 2 2 1 PM 3 VALBV SC 4 E LIN AC COH ERE CELE NTL RATO IGH R TSO URC EM ODI FIC ATIO NT OL INA C S CM 3 C 5 BPM QE 0 OTR 24 1 QE E 02 RFK O 2 ICKE SB CP 6 M 5 R O QE 0 TR 3 3 BPM QE SC 6 C 804 7 BPSM WS 7 OTR 401 7'HIGH W BPM 8 OTRS 02 5 10'HIGH ECTION 20 -8 C SECTION 20 -8 A SECTION 20 -8 BPES P-2 HE/LEBYPASS 01 HE LE BEAM ACCELERATORSECTIONS LINACHOUSINGSIDEWALL BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview LINACHOUSINGSIDEW ALL PEN. 21 -1 PEN. 20 -17 2" TUBE VALVE 02 03 3" TUBE 0 4 SC 12 10' ACCEL QM 04 EC 35 OM BPM 12 OTR 8 PEN. 20 -16 DUMP 10'ACCEL W C 9 S 03 CSM QBMP 0 M 94 1 QM 0 2 OTR TRIM 01 6 SC 1 OR 7 B 00 BPTM 10 CE 011 B 12 QB OPM WS 04 B 0 TR 9 B 02 BS PC M 1111 QM 03 PEN. 20 -15 10' ACCEL BEAM STOPPER QE-901 LINACHOUSINGSIDEW ALL QM QMC OT R 0 M 61 BP M 13 9. 4 ACCELERATOR SECTION 21 -1 B DRIFTSECTION LINACHOUSINGSIDEW ALL John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Long-Lead Procurements, FY 2005 - Linac Selected Linac Systems Superconducting Wiggler X-band RF system Chicane Magnets BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Long-Lead Procurements, FY 2005 - Undulator Systems Undulator Hardware Magnet Blocs Magnet Poles Strongback Undulator Measurement System Final “shimming” of magnets at SLAC Complete Delivery of Undulators by June 2007 BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Long-Lead Procurements, FY 2005 – Magnet Measurement To be installed at SLAC Based on APS system 5 m granite bench Probe positioning system Hall probe system Computer system Control and data analysis software Cost estimate based on detailed estimate escalated for FY 2005 BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center FY 2005 Long Lead Procurements ($K, as spent) 28% Contingency (67% contingency on Superconducting wiggler & spare) BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview To be reimbursed to TEC when Special Spares Funds are allocated. John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Review Conclusions Green Light for approval of CD-2 A in June 2003 This allows DOE-BES to include $30 M in FY 2005 budget request Next DOE review March 2004 Formal quantitative risk assessment/management system Settle the baseline (scope, schedule, cost) for the entire project Several recommendations for R&D 2 nd undulator prototype – alternative strongback material? Undulator vacuum chamber Electron beam diagnostics X-ray diagnostics BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center LCLS Experiments LCLS Scientific Advisory Committee Roger Falcone UC Berkeley, USA, Chairman Stephen R. Leone UC Berkeley, USA Nora Berrah Western Michigan University, USA Margaret Murnane University of Colorado-Boulder, USA Carl Branden Karolinska Institutet, Sweden Jochen R. Schneider HASYLAB, Germany Phil Bucksbaum University of Michigan, USA Francesco Sette ESRF, France Robert L. Byer Stanford University, USA Sunni Sinha UCSD, USA Hans Fraunfelder LANL, USA Dietrich von der Linde University of Essen, Germany FY 2006 -2009 funding for construction of experiment stations BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Linac Coherent Light Source New Idea for shorter pulses – Emma, et al. SLAC-PUB-10002 LCLS – Chirped-Pulse Bunch Compression 6 Me. V z 0. 83 mm 0. 1 % rf gun L 0 L=6 m 150 Me. V z 0. 83 mm 0. 10 % L 1 DL-1 R 56 0 LCLS Overview 4. 54 Ge. V z 0. 022 mm 0. 76 % Lh L =0. 6 m rf=180 L=9 m rf = -38° . . . existing linac BESAC 20 October 2003 250 Me. V z 0. 19 mm 1. 8 % X 14. 35 Ge. V z 0. 022 mm 0. 01 % L = 330 m rf = -43° L = 550 m rf = -10° L 2 L 3 BC-1 L=6 m R 56= -36 mm BC-2 L = 22 m R 56= -22 mm undulator L = 120 m DL-2 R 56 = 0 John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Bunch Compression E/E Overcompressi on 2 z 0 z Undercompressi on z z 2 z V = V 0 sin(wt) RF Accelerating Voltage BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview z = R 56 E/E Path Length-Energy Dependent Beamline John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Choose slot for shortest e- pulse, while retaining full peak current preserved peak current reduced 2 x = 50 mm 2 x = 250 mm BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center z 60 m x-ray Power 2 fsec fwhm BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Summary 2 -3 fs FWHM x-ray pulse length possible in LCLS with baseline design + simple foil Photons per pulse reduced (1012 → 1010) Pulse length adjustable with stepper motor Precisely spaced double pulses available <1 fs should be possible with modified compression parameters and further study → single coherent spike! BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Future Possibilities of the Linac Coherent Light Source To be published in Journal of Synchrotron Radiation Baseline LCLS Upgraded LCLS 0. 15 -1. 5/8. 3 -0. 83 0. 012 -5/100 -0. 25 Peak FEL Power, GW 8 -19 Up to 200 No. of FEL pulses/emacropulse 1 1 -60 <230 <1 Spectral coverage, nm/ke. V Minimum Pulse Duration (fs) BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center The SLAC Linac as an FEL Driver LCLS 4. 5 -14. 3 Ge. V Possibilities 120 Hz. 50 Ge. V beam energy – XFEL at 100 ke. V? Requires extremely high quality electron beam Pulse to pulse energy variation at 120 Hz. Small steps for FEL wavelength tunability Large steps for multi-wavelength multi-undulator operations 300 ns macro pulse with up to 32 micro pulses BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center SLAC commitment Statement from the SLAC Director “The LCLS and its expansion are critical ingredients in the broad scientific portfolio of the SLAC site for the coming decades. I encourage the LCLS team to consider the unique possibilities that the full capabilities and flexibility of the SLAC linac, including electron beams up to 50 Ge. V, will offer. Further, I encourage them to integrate these possibilities into the plans for the expansion of LCLS beyond its baseline operating parameters. ” “SLAC and its talented staff of accelerator physicists and engineers routinely operate the linac in a multi-user mode with high operational efficiency. For example, the linac currently serves to inject the B-factory in parallel with fixed target high energy physics experiments and accelerator R&D. We expect that such operational flexibility will enable the linac, with suitable modifications, to serve the needs of an expanded LCLS well into the future. ” BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Time to start planning Experiment Stations for the LCLS We are looking forward to some GOOD times. BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Actually, we are having a pretty good time already… BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Science Opportunities with SPPS J. Hastings SLAC/SSRL BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Short Bunch Generation in the SLAC Linac Damping Ring (ge 30 mm) 50 ps RTL SLAC Linac 1 Ge. V 9 ps 0. 4 ps FFTB 20 -50 Ge. V Add 12 -meter chicane compressor in linac at 1/3 -point (9 Ge. V) <100 fs Existing bends compress to <100 fsec 1. 5% 30 k. A 28 Ge. V BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview ~1 Å 80 fsec FWHM John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center SPPS Collaboration: Institutional Members APS Argonne Nat’l Lab Bio. CARS Copenhagen Univ. DESY NSLS Brookhaven Nat’l Lab SLAC/SSRL UC Berkeley Univ. of Michigan Univ. of Uppsala BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center The SPPS Source and Characteristics Calculated Undulator Output Monochromator acceptance Ee = 28 Ge. V 3. 2 n. C λu = 8. 5 cm K~4 Eph = 9. 1 ke. V Intensity in mono acceptance 2 x 107 photons/per pulse Measured Output 2 x 107 photons/per pulse Emittance 0. 4 nm-rad horiz (~3 - 3 rd gen ring) 0. 06 nm-rad ver (~. 03 - 3 rd gen ring) Typical 10 Hz operation BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Diffraction from Salol Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Salol Phenylsalicylate C 13 H 10 O 3 Orthorombic Pbca a=7. 961 Å b=11. 258 Å c=23. 402 Å = = =90° (0 16 0)=0. 3 mdeg spindle axis X-rays BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview Collaboration & samples ~106 photons/pulse 1 x 1 mm 2 1% bandwidth 300 s, 10 Hz 9. 365 ke. V image int. CCD at 120 mm E. Weckert, HASYLAB John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Single pulse exposures Linac Coherent Light Source Probing the rocking curve 18 steps: =-1. 0° to =+0. 4° Single exposures gated CCD, 62 ms BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Intensity fluctuations 90 exposures @ 10 Hz, gated CCD, 62 ms =0, Max. of rocking curve John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Next SPPS Run 17 November 2003 -15 February 2004 BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center End of Presentation BESAC 20 October 2003 LCLS Overview John N. Galayda, SLAC galayda@slac. stanford. edu