Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Linac Coherent Light Source Update John N. Galayda 22 July 2002 · · Project scope Cost estimate DOE Review 23 -25 April - results Future BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center LINAC COHERENT LIGHT SOURCE I-280 Sand Hill Rd BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center The LCLS produces extraordinarily bright pulses of synchrotron radiation in a process called “selfamplified spontaneous emission” (SASE). In this process, an intense and highly collimated electron beam travels through an Saturation NSNSNSN undulator magnet. SNSNSNS The alternating north and south poles of the magnet force the electron beam to travel on an approximately sinusoidal trajectory, emitting synchrotron radiation as it goes. The electron beam and its synchrotron radiation are so intense that the electron motion is modified by the electric and magnetic fields of its own emitted synchrotron light. Under the influence of both the undulator magnet and its own synchrotron radiation, the electron beam is forced to form micro-bunches, separated by a distance equal to the wavelength of the emitted radiation. These micro-bunches begin to radiate as if they were single particles with immense charge. Since they are regularly spaced, the radiation from the micro-bunches has enhanced temporal coherence. This is indicated by the “smoothing out” of the instantaneous synchrotron radiation power (shown Undulator in the three plots to the right) as the Magnet SASE process develops. Electron Bunch BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update Exponential Gain Regime Undulator Regime NSNSNSNSNSNSNSNSNSNSNSNSNSN John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu Coherent Synchrotron Radiation

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Selected LCLS Baseline Design Parameters Fundamental FEL Radiation Wavelength Electron Beam Energy 14. 3 4. 5 Normalized RMS Slice Emittance 1. 2 Peak Current 3. 4 k. A Bunch/Pulse Length (FWHM) 230 Relative Slice Energy Spread @ Entrance Saturation Length 87 25 m FEL Fundamental Saturation Power @ Exit FEL Photons per Pulse 1. 1 29 Peak Brightness @ Undulator Exit 0. 8 Transverse Coherence Full RMS Slice X-Ray Bandwidth 0. 06 0. 24 RMS Projected X-Ray Bandwidth 0. 13 1. 5 Ge. V 1. 2 15 Å mm-mrad fs <0. 01 0. 025 % 8 1012 0. 06 17 1033 * % 0. 47 % GW * photons/sec/mm 2/mrad 2/ 0. 1%-BW BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center LCLS R&D Collaboration FEL Theory, FEL Experiments, Accelerator R&D, Gun Development, Undulator R&D LLNL UCLA BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center LCLS R&D, Preconceptual Design Organization BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center LCLS Project Engineering Design Organization UCLA LLNL BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Project Description Electron Beam Handling Systems 1. 2. 1 Injector Photocathode gun and drive laser 150 Me. V linac Located in Sector 20 off-axis injector spur BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Project Description 1. 2. 2 Linac X-band RF Bunch Compressor 1, 250 Me. V Superconducting wiggler Bunch Compressor 2, 4. 5 Ge. V Reconfiguration of transport to Final Focus Test Beam Area rf gun Linac-X Linac-1 L =0. 6 m L =9 m w ne Linac-0 L =6 m 7 Me. V . . . existing linac 21 -1 b 21 -1 d DL-1 L =12 m 150 Me. V BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update X BC-1 L =6 m 250 Me. V Linac-3 L =550 m Linac-2 L =330 m 21 -3 b 24 -6 d SLAC linac tunnel 25 -1 a 30 -8 c BC-2 L =22 m 4. 54 Ge. V 14. 35 Ge. V undulator L =120 m DL-2 L =66 m John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center CSR Micro-bunching and Projected Emittance Growth 14. 3 Ge. V at undulator entrance 230 fsec x versus z without SC-wiggler projected emittance growth is simply ‘steering’ of bunch head and tail 0. 5 m x versus z with SC-wiggler Workshop in Berlin, Jan. 2002 to benchmark results (www. DESY. de/csr/) – follow-up meeting 1 -5 July, Sardinia BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update ‘slice’ emittance is not altered John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Project Description 1. 2. 3 Undulator Systems 121 meter undulator channel, housed in extended FFTB Diagnostics for x-ray beam and electron beam Additional 30 meters of space for future enhancements (seeding, slicing, harmonics) 3420 421 187 UNDULATOR 11055 mm Horizontal Steering Coil Vertical Steering Coil BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update Beam Position Monitor Quadrupoles X-Ray Diagnostics John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Magnetic Measurement of the Prototype Microns Horizontal Trajectory BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Project Description 1. 3 Photon Beam Handling Systems 1. 3. 1 X-ray Transport, Optics and Diagnostics Front end systems – attenuators, shutters, primary diagnostics Optics – the prerequisites for LCLS experiments Grazing incidence mirror to suppress 3 rd harmonic KB pair, refractive optics Monochromators Beam splitter 1. 3. 2 X-ray endstation systems Hutches, Personnel Protection Computer facilities for experiments Laser for pump/probe experiments Detectors matched to LCLS requirements Essential Infrastructure for the LCLS Experimental Program BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center X-ray Optics for the LCLS Objectives To transport the photon beam to diagnostics and optics stations To provide the diagnostics necessary to characterize the photon beam To provide the optics necessary to demonstrate the capability to process the photon beam Requirements Originally distilled by the working group from the ‘first experiments’ publication, and presentations LLNL BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Optics Requirements Focusing: Atomic physics, plasma physics, bio-imaging 0. 1 -1 m over full energy range Monochromatization: Plasma physics, materials science Resolution of 10 -3 - 10 -5 at 8 ke. V Harmonic control: Atomic physics, materials science Ratio of higher harmonics to fundamental less than 10 -6 Photon pulse manipulation: Materials science Split and delay over the range 1 ps to 500 ps BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center There are major technical challenges General Extreme fluences maintaining optics for more than 1 pulse Extremely small temporal and spatial characteristics maintaining coherence during beam transport and manipulation high resolution diagnostics Parameters may vary pulse-to-pulse – need data on every pulse Windowless operation required at 0. 8 ke. V Focusing, imaging, data acquisition, spectroscopy, etc. push state-of-the-art To deal with the fluences, the following strategies are adopted a far field experimental hall to reduce energy densities by natural divergence a gas absorption cell and solid attenuator, to attenuate by up to 104 low-Z optics that are damaged least grazing incidence optics that increase the optical footprint and reflect most incident power LLNL BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center The fluence poses the primary challenge FEE Hall A Hall B LLNL • In Hall A, low-Z materials will accept even normal incidence. The fluences in Hall B are sufficiently low for standard optical solutions. Even in the Front End Enclosure (FEE), low Z materials may be possible at normal incidence above ~4 ke. V, and at all energies with grazing incidence. In the FEE, gas is required for attenuation at < 4 ke. V BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center LCLS Science Program based on the SSRL Model Experiment Proposals will be developed by leading research teams with SSRL involvement Proposals will be reviewed by the LCLS Scientific Advisory Committee Research teams secure outside funding with SSRL participation and sponsorship as appropriate SSRL will manage construction Provides cost and schedule control, rationalized design Provides basis for establishing maintenance and support infrastructure SSRL will partner with research teams to commission endstations “General user” mode with beam time allocation based on SAC recommendations BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Project Description 1. 4 Conventional Facilities Final Focus Test Beam Extension (30 m beamline extension) Hall A (30 mx 50 m) Hall B (35 mx 55 m) BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center LCLS Cost Estimate Costs collected at level 6 of the WBS Labor in person-weeks Labor type Collaborating organization Purchased materials and services Assessment of Risk Costs were collected in base year dollars (FY 02) Costs include: Labor burden Indirect costs Contingency (listed separately) Did not include inflation BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Funding Profile BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Costs by System BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Costs by Collaborating Institution BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Department of Energy Review 23 -25 April 2002 Review of Conceptual Design http: //www-ssrl. slac. stanford. edu/lcls/CDR/ Prerequisite for Critical Decision 1, Approval of Preliminary Baseline Range Charge to Committee Is the conceptual design sound and likely to meet the technical performance requirements? Are the project’s scope and specifications sufficiently defined to support preliminary cost and schedule estimates? Are the cost and schedule estimates credible and realistic for this stage of the project? Do they include adequate contingency margins? Is the project being managed(I. e. , properly organized, adequately staffed) as needed to begin Title I design? Are the ES&H aspects being properly addressed given the project’s current stage of development? BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Department of Energy Review, 23 -25 April 2002 17 reviewers, 6 DOE observers 50 presentations by about 30 speakers Reviewer Subpanels: Accelerator Physics – Sam Krinsky, BNL Injector/Linac – Richard Sheffield, LANL + George Neil, JLAB Undulator – Kem Robinson, LBNL + Pascal Elleaume, ESRF Photon Beam Systems – Steve Leone, U of CO + Dennis Mills, ANL Controls Systems – Dave Gurd, ORNL Conventional Facilities- Valerie Roberts, LLNL + Jim Lawson, ORNL Cost/Schedule – John Dalzell, PNNL Project Management – Jay Marx, LBNL+E. De. Saulnier + Ben Feinberg, LBNL ES&H – Frank Kornegay, ORNL + Clarence Hickey, DOE/SC BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Department of Energy Review, 23 -25 April 2002 CDR is superb Cost estimate is credible On track for approval of CD-1 Summer 2002 BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Construction Strategy 2003 – Project Engineering Design Begins $6 M budget Prepare for Long-lead procurements in 2005 Undulator Gun Laser Injector Linac Systems Spring 2003 – review of plans for long lead procurements CD-2 A Go-ahead required Spring 2004 – Complete Preliminary Design of LCLS CD-2 requirements complete for entire project October 2004 – begin long-lead procurements Summer 2005 – Critical Decision 3 – Approve start of construction Winter 2007 – Begin FEL commissioning October 2008 – Project Complete BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center The Collaboration is ready to go- Gun Design Cost-effective magnet fabrication techniques developed for NLC BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update Undulator Prototype Optics Fabrication Techniques Chicane for advanced accelerator R&D with ultrashort electron bunches John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Upcoming Workshops Planning Workshop for the LCLS Experiment Program 7 -8 October 2003, SSRL user meeting Plan for early use of the LCLS Define areas for R&D leading to experiment proposals Kick off proposal preparation process BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center International X-FEL Collaboration Workshop To be be scheduled late October Define areas of common interest, collaborative activity Short pulse diagnostic and experiment techniques Optics A natural sequence for LCLS/TESLA Collaboration SLAC Sub-Picosecond Photon Source, 2003 -2006 TTF-II LCLS TESLA X-FEL Other opportunities for US-Europe-Asia collaboration will be explored BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center News from DESY, TESLA German Science Council Endorses TESLA Very strong support of TESLA XFEL, Collider Endorses physical separation of Collider and XFEL http: //WWW. WISSENSCHAFTSRAT. DE/presse/pm_2002. htm Calls for Technical Design Report – faster-track, scaled-down XFEL 5 undulators 20 Ge. V linac ~ € 530 M (Materials & purchased services only, no overhead) First use of a SASE FEL to do an atomic physics experiment TESLA Test Facility, photoionization in xenon clusters http: //wwwsis. lnf. infn. it/tesla 2001/programme. htm BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Coherent Light Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center End of Presentation BESAC 22 July 2002 LCLS Update John N. Galayda galayda@slac. stanford. edu