LIGO Overview Barry Barish PAC LLO 5 Dec02
LIGO Overview Barry Barish PAC - LLO 5 -Dec-02 LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02
LIGO schedule and plan Primary Activities 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003+ Construction Underway (mostly civil) Facility Construction (vacuum system) Interferometer Construction (complete facilities) Construction Complete (interferometers in vacuum) Detector Installation (commissioning subsystems) Commission Interferometers (first coincidences) Sensitivity studies (initiate LIGO I Science Run) LIGO I data run (one year integrated data at h ~ 10 -21) 2006+ Begin ‘Advanced LIGO’ installation LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 2
Oct 02 LIGO Scientific Collaboration LSC Institutional Membership 44 collaborating groups > 400 collaborators University of Adelaide ACIGA Australian National University ACIGA Balearic Islands University - Spain California State Dominquez Hills Caltech CACR Caltech LIGO Caltech Experimental Gravitation CEGG Caltech Theory CART University of Cardiff UK GEO Carleton College Cornell University Fermi National Laboratory University of Florida @ Gainesville Glasgow University GEO NASA-Goddard Spaceflight Center University of Hannover GEO Hobart – Williams University India-IUCAA IAP Nizhny Novgorod Iowa State University Joint Institute of Laboratory Astrophysics Salish Kootenai College LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M LIGO Livingston LIGOLA LIGO Hanford LIGOWA Loyola New Orleans Louisiana State University Louisiana Tech University MIT LIGO Max Planck (Garching) GEO Max Planck (Potsdam) GEO University of Michigan Moscow State University NAOJ - TAMA Northwestern University of Oregon Pennsylvania State University Southeastern Louisiana University Southern University Stanford University Syracuse University of Texas@Brownsville Washington State University@ Pullman University of Western Australia ACIGA University of Wisconsin@Milwaukee PAC / LLO International India, Russia, Germany, U. K, Japan, Spain and Australia. The international partners are involved in all aspects of the LIGO research program. 5 -Dec-02 3
Construction Project Status Sept 02 l l Total Funding: $292. 1 million Actual Costs and Encumbrances: $288. 9 million Percent Complete: 98. 6% Estimate-to-Complete: $3. 2 million » LDAS Hardware: $2. 5 million » Detector: $0. 5 million » Livingston Building: $0. 2 million LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 4
Operations goals and priorities l Interferometer performance » Integrate commissioning and data taking consistent with obtaining one year of integrated data at h = 10 -21 by end of 2006 l Physics results from LIGO I » Initial upper limit results by early 2003 » First search results in 2004 » Reach LIGO I goals by 2007 l AAAS Feb 03 Advanced LIGO PAC Advice » Prepare advanced LIGO proposal » International collaboration and broad LSC participation » Advanced LIGO installation beginning by 2007 LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 5
Proposed Budget LIGO Operations (2002 – 2006) Currently funded Operations FY 2001 ($M) FY 2002 ($M) FY 2003 ($M) FY 2004 ($M) FY 2005 ($M) FY 2006 ($M) 22. 92 23. 63 24. 32 25. 05 25. 87 26. 65 125. 52 5. 21 5. 20 4. 79 4. 86 4. 95 25. 01 2. 77 2. 86 2. 95 3. 04 3. 13 14. 76 3. 30 3. 84 3. 14 34. 91 36. 21 35. 93 Increase for Full Operations Advanced R&D 2. 70 R&D Equipment for LSC Research Total Budgets 25. 62 Total 2002 -6 ($M) 10. 28 33. 77 34. 74 175. 57 FY 2001 currently funded Operations ($19. 1 M for ten months) is normalized to 12 months and provided for comparison only and is not included in totals. LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 6
“Revised” Proposed Budget LIGO Operations (2002 -2006) l $28 million provided for FY 2002 Operations in February and May 2002 » Reduced or deferred hiring, Adv R&D, equipment, outreach, etc l Our working assumption is that $33 M will be awarded in 2003 » Priority for commissioning and toward LIGO I 24 x 7 Operations , FY 2002 ($M) FY 2003 ($M) FY 2004 ($M) FY 2005 ($M) FY 2006 ($M) Operations $24 $29 $30 $30 Advanced R&D $4 $4 $3 $3 $3 LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M + $5 M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 7
Staff budgeted LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 8
Commissioning LIGO Subsystems stabilization Wideband Tidal 10 -Watt Laser PSL IO 10 -1 Hz/Hz 1/2 10 -4 Hz/Hz 1/2 4 km Interferometer 10 -7 Hz/Hz 1/2 LIGO I Goal Nd: Yag 1. 064 mm Output power >8 Watt TEM 00 mode LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M 15 m PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 9
LIGO Prestabilized Laser data vs simulation LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 10
Interferometer Configuration Requires test masses to be held in position to 10 -10 -10 -13 meter: “Locking the interferometer” Light is “recycled” about 50 times end test mass Light bounces back and forth along arms about 150 times input test mass Laser signal LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 11
LIGO Facility Noise Levels l Fundamental Noise Sources » Seismic at low frequencies » Thermal at mid frequencies » Shot at high frequencies l Facility Noise Sources (example) » Residual Gas § 10 -6 torr H 2 unbaked § 10 -9 torr H 2 baked LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 12
Lock Acquisition Developed by Matt Evans Caltech Ph. D Thesis LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 13
LIGO Lab Planning Memo August 2001 “…The LIGO Laboratory will carry out the E 7 run before the end of the year. We anticipate that the run will take place during December and will be scheduled for two full weeks. The run is an engineering run and will be the responsibility of the LIGO Laboratory…” Last LIGO Construction Project Milestone l PRIMARY GOAL: » Establish coincidence running between the sites » Obtain first data sample for shaking down data analysis LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 14
LIGO Engineering Run (E 7) Sensitivities Final LIGO Milestone -----“Coincidences Between the Sites in 2001” Engineering Run 28 Dec 01 to 14 Jan 02 LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 15
LIGO + GEO Interferometers E 7 Engineering Run 28 Dec 2001 - 14 Jan 2002 (402 hr) Coincidence Data All segments Segments >15 min Singles data All segments Segments >15 min 2 X: H 2, L 1 locked 160 hrs (39%) 99 hrs (24%) clean 113 hrs (26%) 70 hrs (16%) H 2, L 1 longest clean segment: 1: 50 L 1 locked 284 hrs (71%) L 1 clean 265 hrs (61%) L 1 longest clean segment: 3: 58 249 hrs (62%) 231 hrs (53%) H 1 locked 294 hrs (72%) H 1 clean 267 hrs (62%) H 1 longest clean segment: 4: 04 231 hrs (57%) 206 hrs (48%) 3 X : L 1+H 1+ H 2 locked 140 hrs (35%) 72 hrs (18%) clean 93 hrs (21%) 46 hrs (11%) L 1+H 1+ H 2 : longest clean segment: 1: 18 H 2 locked 214 hrs (53%) H 2 clean 162 hrs (38%) H 2 longest clean segment: 7: 24 157 hrs (39%) 125 hrs (28%) 4 X: L 1+H 1+ H 2 +GEO: 77 hrs (23 %) 5 X: ALLEGRO + … 26. 1 hrs (7. 81 %) Conclusion: Large Duty Cycle is Attainable LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 16
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S 1 Summary and S 2 Plans upper limits l S 1 Summary » » l Stable data taking for 17 days Coincidence data with GEO “Upper limit” sensitivities will explore new regime Results for presentation in early 2003 at AAAS, APS, etc. followed by publications S 2 Data should be at least 10 x more “science reach” than S 1 » Better sensitivity and longer run » Coincidence data with GEO and TAMA l S 3 Run in late 2003 » First serious search run LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 18
LIGO data vs. Sim. LIGO Triple Strain Spectra - Thu Aug 15 2002 LIGO S 1 Run Strain (1/Hz 1/2) -----“First Upper Limit Run” Aug – Sept 02 Frequency (Hz) LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 19
“Upper Limits” S 1, S 2 Data Analysis Groups l LSC Upper Limit Analysis Groups » Typically ~25 physicists » One experimentalist / One theorist co-lead each group -----------------l Compact binary inspiral: “chirps” l Supernovae / GRBs: “bursts” l Pulsars in our galaxy: “periodic” l Cosmological Signal “stochastic background” LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 20
Stochastic Background Sensitivity l Detection » Cross correlate Hanford and Livingston Interferometers l Good Sensitivity » GW wavelength 2 x detector baseline f 40 Hz l l Initial LIGO Sensitivity 10 -5 Advanced LIGO Sensitivity 5 10 -9 LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 21
Stochastic Background LHO/LLO coherence plots from E 7 LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 22
Stochastic Background sensitivities S 1 LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 23
Improved Sensitivity toward S 2 Run LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 24
Advanced LIGO R&D Status l Working toward construction proposal in late 2002 l Advanced R&D program and baseline design is proceeding well l Strong international partnership -- GEO and ACIGA l Plan assumes construction funding available 2005 » some long lead funds in 2004 l Supports an installation start of 2007 l “Bottoms-up” costing nearly complete LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 25
Planned Detector Modifications active external seismic After S 2 Run BSC HAM LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 26
Outreach Activities l l l Outreach is a high priority in LIGO and we have pursued it vigorously We deferred proposed new initiatives in FY 02 due to our budget shortfall We preparing a new proposal for outreach efforts. Microseism And Ocean Waves LHO outreach LLO Telescope for outreach activities LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 27
Conclusions l Reduced budgets and limited manpower have resulted in deferring some work and making difficult priority choices. Our plans as presented our predicated on receiving $33 M for FY 03 l Progress is steady on three fronts: commissioning; data runs and analysis; preparations for advanced LIGO l We hope for continued significant progress this coming year » » » Commissioning: continue improvements to interferometer performance S 1: First science results S 2: A new science run with improved sensitivity Improve seismic mitigation Submit proposals for Advanced LIGO and Outreach Program LIGO-G 020548 -00 -M PAC / LLO 5 -Dec-02 28
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