Light Sport Aircraft Operation Maintenance Presented by the

Light Sport Aircraft Operation / Maintenance Presented by the FAA Safety Team FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration

What Is A Light Sport Aircraft ? Small, Simple, Low-performance, Other Than a Helicopter That: LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 2

Categories • Special Light Sport Aircraft (SLSA) – Reference: 14 CFR Part 21. 190 – Ready To Fly From Manufacturer – Uses: Personal, Towing, Flight Training • Experimental – Operating Light Sport Aircraft – – – Reference: 14 CFR Part 21. 191(i) Light Sport Kit Aircraft Kit-built Light Sport Aircraft Downgrade From SLSA Personal Use Only LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 3

CLASSES Glider Airplane Powered Parachute Weight Shift Control Lighter-Than-Air Gyroplane LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 4

Markings – 14 CFR Part 45 • Registration Markings – Special LSA – At Least 12 Inches High – Experimental – LSA – At Least 3 Inches High • Placarding - 2 Inches To 6 Inches High: – SLSA – The Word, “Light Sport” – ELSA – The Word “Experimental” Reference AC 45 -2 LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 5

SPECIAL LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 6

SLSA OPERATING LIMITATIONS S S E R E C C I F TI E T A N I H O T D T R O W R I A E H C A T AT LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 7

EXPERIMENTAL LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 8

ELSA OPERATING LIMITATIONS S S E R E C C I F TI E T A N I H O T D T R O W R I A E H C A T AT LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 9

Maintaining Light Sport Aircraft LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 10

LSA Inspections • Special Light Sport (SLSA) – Annual Condition Inspections – Used For Towing or Flight Training • 100 hour inspections • Experimental Light Sport (ELSA) – Annual Condition Inspections LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 11

Light Sport Repairman There is One Light Sport Repairman Certificate. Two Ratings: –Inspection –Maintenance 14 CFR Part 65. 107 LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 12

LSA Repairman Certificate • Inspection Rating – Certificate Issued To Aircraft Owner (ELSA Only) • Aircraft Class, S/N, “N” Number – Requires 16 Hours Of Training In Aircraft Class – Suspended Upon Sale Of Aircraft – Privileges • Annual Condition Inspection Of Owner’s Aircraft LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 13

LSA Repairman Certificate • Maintenance Rating – Issued By Class of Aircraft • Not Issued For Gyroplanes – Must Complete Required Training For Class – Privileges: • Annual Condition Inspections (Both SLSA/ELSA) • Maintenance on SLSA Aircraft By Class – – 100 Hour Inspections (Towing, Flight Training) Perform FAA Airworthiness Directives Perform Manufacturer’s Safety Directives Major Repair & Alterations » Only By Approval of Manufacturer LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 14

Repairman Training CORE MODULES HOURS 1 Regulatory & Maintenance Overview 16 2 Airframe (General) 24 3 Engine & Propeller 45 85 CLASS MODULES 4 Airplane 35 5 Weight Shift Control 19 6 Powered Parachute 19 7 Lighter-Than-Air 64 8 Glider 40 LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 15

Repairman Training CLASS MODULE 1 2 3 4 Airplane ✔ ✔ Weight Shift ✔ ✔ ✔ Powered Parachute ✔ ✔ ✔ Lighter-Than-Air ✔ Glider ✔ Powered Glider ✔ 6 7 8 120 104 ✔ 80 ✔ ✔ LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 5 ✔ TOTAL HOURS ✔ 80 ✔ 125 Federal Aviation Administration 16

Annual Condition Inspection • ELSA – – – WHO CAN DO IT? Owner With Inspection Rating Repairman With Maintenance Rating Airframe & Powerplant Mechanic Appropriately Rated Part 145 Repair Station • SLSA – – Repairman With Maintenance Rating – Airframe & Powerplant Mechanic – Appropriately Rated Part 145 Repair Station LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 17

Maintenance- WHO CAN DO IT? • ELSA – Anyone • SLSA – Repairman: Maintenance Rating • With The Appropriate Class – Airframe & Powerplant Mechanic • Must Meet Part 65. 81 – Previously Performed – Appropriately Rated Part 145 Repair Station • Preventive Maintenance – Part 43, Appendix A (c) LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 18

What Is a Consensus Standard? A consensus standard is an industry-developed standard that applies to aircraft design, production, and airworthiness. It is accepted by the FAA for the purpose of certificating light-sport aircraft. It includes, but is not limited to, standards for aircraft design and performance, required equipment, manufacturer quality assurance systems, production acceptance test procedures, operating instructions, maintenance and inspection procedures, identification and recording of major repairs and major alterations, and continued airworthiness. LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 19

LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 20

ASTM-Continued Operational Safety • Owner/Operator Responsibilities – Shall Comply With Manufacturer’s Instructions – Shall Provide Mfg With Current Contact Information – Shall Notify The Mfg of Safety of Flight or Significant Service Difficulty Upon Discovery – Shall Comply With All Mfg. Notices, Corrective Actions, And CAA Regulations – Shall Ensure Needed Corrective Actions Completed – If Owner Does Not Comply With Mandatory Service Requirement, ASTM Considered Not Met. ASTM F 2295 -06, 5. 4 LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 21

Operating Limitations… (6) Noncompliance with these operating limitations will render the airworthiness certificate invalid. Any change, alteration, or repair not in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruction and approval will render the airworthiness certificate invalid, and the owner of the aircraft must apply for a new airworthiness certificate under the provisions of 14 CFR § 21. 191 with appropriate operating limitations before further flight. LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 22

AC 65 -32 – Certification of LSA Repairman NOTE: If a major malfunction or defect is found during the annual condition inspection, it is strongly recommended that the repairman, mechanic, or repair station report the problem to the FAA via the Internet at: http: //av-info. faa. gov/sdrx/ within 72 hours and also to the aircraft’s manufacturer. LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 23

LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 24

Repairman Rating Review • Inspection Rating: – ELSA Only – 16 hrs Training; Issued To Aircraft Owner – Annual Condition Inspections For Owner’s Aircraft • Maintenance Rating: – – SLSA & ELSA Appropriate “Class” Training Before Issue Perform Annual Condition Inspection/100 Hour Major Repairs & Alterations – Only Per Manufacturer • May Require Additional Training (Decision Of Mfg) LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 25

Precautions • No TCDS - All LSA “Built” To Consensus Standard (ASTM) • SLSA Must Be Maintained To An ASTM • No “Type Design” To Meet The Definition of “Airworthy” – “In a Condition For Safe Operation” • Manufacturer’s Maintenance Manuals • Safety Directives • Major Repairs & Alterations – ASTM States They Are To Be Defined By The Manufacturer » » Manufacturer Also Determines Required Training Contact The Manufacturer! LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 26 26

Maintenance Manuals Contains Information Such As: • Ground Test. • Check of Liquid Levels. • Re-torque Cylinder Head Nuts. • Re-torque Exhaust Manifold Screws. • Check of Rewind Starter Rope. • Rewind Starter Dismantling. • Rewind Starter Reassembly. LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 27

Precautions Rotax 912 Rotax 914 LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 28

Rotax LMM-912 LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 29

Precautions – 14 CFR Part 21. 190(c) • Manufacturer’s Statement of Compliance – The Aircraft Meets its Design Data & ASTM – Manufacturer Will Make Available to Any Interested Party: • Aircraft Operating Instructions • Aircraft’s Maintenance & Inspection Procedures • Manufacturer Will Monitor And Correct Safety-of-flight Issues Through The Issuance of SAFETY DIRECTIVES. LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 30

Precautions • 14 CFR Part 43. 13(a) – Each Person Performing Maintenance Shall: • Use The Methods, Techniques, & Practices Prescribed In The “Current” Manufacturer’s Maintenance Manual. • Use The Proper Tools & Equipment • Special Equipment or Test Apparatus • 14 CFR Part 43. 13(b) – Shall Do Quality Work – Use Quality Materials – Equal To Its Original or Properly Alter Condition LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 31

Precautions 14 CFR Part 65. 81 • Mechanic May Not Approve For Return To Service… – Unless He Has Satisfactorily Performed It At An Earlier Date. – Must Understand The Current Instructions of The Mfg. 14 CFR Part 65. 85/87(b) [For LSA] • An A&P Can Approve And Return To Service… – A Major Repair or Major Alteration Provided… – The Work Was Performed Per Instructions Developed By The Manufacturer. LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 32

Precautions 14 CFR Part 65. 107(d) • LSA Repairman With Maintenance Rating May Not Approve For Return To Service An Aircraft/Part… – Unless He Has Previously Performed The Work Satisfactorily In The Past. • LSA Repairman May Not Exercise His Certificate Unless: – He Understands The Current Instructions of The Manufacturer… LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 33 33

Precautions 14 CFR Part 91. 327 LSA Operating Limitations • No Person May Operate An LSA Unless: – – – – Aircraft Is Maintained By An Appropriately Rated Person Aircraft Has Had A Condition Inspection In The Last 12 Months If Use For Towing/Flight Training, Has Had a 100 Hr. Inspection Aircraft Complies With All Airworthiness Directives Aircraft Complies With All Safety Directives Each Alteration Complies With The ASTM & Authorized By Mfg. Each Major Alteration Is Authorized, Performed, & Inspected Per The Manufacturer’s Maintenance & Inspection Procedures. LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 34 34

Precautions 14 CFR Part 91. 417(a) • Aircraft Owner or Operator Shall Keep: • Records of Maintenance, Including… • The Current Status of Applicable… • Safety Directives LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 35 35

Precautions NOTE: To work on a Special or Experimental Light Sport Aircraft, certificated Part 145 repair stations, airframe mechanics, powerplant mechanics, and repairmen (Light Sport Aircraft) must be qualified and trained on the maintenance of Light Sport Aircraft, and have the necessary data and tools to inspect the aircraft and maintain them in a condition for safe operation. AC 65 -32 LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 36 36

SLSA Inspection Log Entry LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 37

ELSA Inspection Log Entry LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 38

References • • • 14 CFR Part 21. 190 – SLSA 14 CFR Part 21. 191(i) – ELSA 14 CFR Part 43. 1(b)(2); (d) Applicability 14 CFR Part 65. 107 – LSA Repairman 14 CFR Part 91. 319 – ELSA Ops Limits 14 CFR Part 91. 327 – SLSA Ops Limits FAA Order 8900. 1, Vol. 5, Ch. 5 – Repairman FAA Order 8130. 2 – Cert. of Aircraft AC 65 -32 – Certification & Training of LSA Repairman LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 39

http: //www. faa. gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/avs/offices/afs 600/afs 610/ Just Google It! LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 40

FAA Light Sport Branch Contact Information Larry L. Buchanan Branch Manager AFS-610 Phone: (405) 954 -6400 Fax: (405) 954 -6688 Mailing Address: U. S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center P. O. Box 25082 Oklahoma City, OK 73125 LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration 41

QUESTIONS? Contact your local FAASTeam Program Manager LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 THE END Federal Aviation Administration 42