Lifestyle Intervention Program Tonight Welcome Group 27 Overview

Lifestyle Intervention Program

Tonight • Welcome, Group 27! • Overview of Lifestyle Medicine • Lifestyle Intervention Program – from a medical perspective • Group visit to review labs/biometrics • Questions

Crisis of Chronic Diseases • 80% of chronic diseases are caused by: – – tobacco and alcohol use unhealthy dietary choices inadequate physical activity poor management of chronic psychological stress • Up to 80% of chronic diseases can be prevented by lifestyle modifications Partnership to Fight Chronic Disease: “The Growing Crisis of Chronic Disease in the United States”, 2009 Willett WC: Science 296: 695 -698, 2002; Ford ES et al: Arch Intern Med, 169: 1355 -1362, 2009

Disease management continuum Low Risk for Disease • At goal • Healthy Lifestyle Increased Risk for Disease á BMI á Cholesterol á BP á Blood Sugar á Tobacco Use Emerging Disease Cardio metabolic syndrome Disease State Confirmed diabetes and/or CAD End Stage Disease With Complications • CHF • Renal failure

Disease can be reversed with lifestyle intervention Low Risk for Disease • At goal • Healthy Lifestyle Increased Risk for Disease á BMI á Cholesterol á BP á Blood Sugar á Tobacco Use Emerging Disease Cardio metabolic syndrome Disease State Confirmed diabetes and/or CAD End Stage Disease With Complications • CHF • Renal failure

Lifestyle • Lifestyle is more important than: – Genetics – Age – Gender • Percentage of common diseases that are likely preventable – Colon cancer 71% – Stroke 70% – Heart Disease 82% – Diabetes 91%

Th os La ai la nd a re Ko ex ico M ce ee Gr ne zu el a ga l Ve rtu d Po la n Fin en Sw ed um lg i US Be Hu ng ar y 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% A Percentage of Deaths from Heart Disease and Cancer Percentage of Calories from Unrefined Plant Foods

Origins of Lifestyle Medicine Health/Healing = Whole • Healthy diet – “Let Food be thy Medicine” Physical activity • Healthy emotions • • http: //classics. mit. edu/Browse/browse-Hippocrates. html Sternberg EM: The Balance Within, 2000 Response to stressors Mindfulness Connection

What Can We Do? • Eat Healthy Foods • Move! • Manage Stress These are simple concepts and take work, planning, commitment, practice, and support

It’s Simple -- Eat Foods As Grown Foods that provide optimal health are eaten as close to their original form as possible: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and beans - WFPB

Food Rules (Michael Pollan) Eat Food Not Too Much Mostly Plants

Body shape -how and when we eat Small /No Breakfast Large Breakfast Small Lunch Medium Lunch Large dinner Small Dinner

What are we Feeding? • Cells • Selves • Souls

FOOD is: • Energy – Fuel and nourishment for Cellular Function • Information – Turns genes on and off – Detoxification pathways • Connection – Family/friends/tradition – Connection to the source and the greater web of life • Medicine – Food can make us sick or food can make us healthy!

Food and Inflammation • Food can fan the flames of inflammation and lead to disease OR • Food can cool the heat of inflammation and lead to health We decide in which direction we would like to go with every bite!

Physical Activity is needed for Good Health Helps to prevent and treat: cancers, heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, depression, fractures, stroke, obesity, pain…

Timeless Knowledge A merry heart does good medicine make Proverbs 17; 22

Can I just take a Pill? • Medicine may help and may be necessary in some patients • But – we can “overeat” our medicines • Medicines have side effects • Medicine can be expensive • With proper lifestyle, most patients can decrease or eliminate the need for many medicines • …And reduce their overall health risks 85% of people who currently take medicines for high cholesterol and Type II Diabetes could gain control with lifestyle alone!

Results • • • Weight loss Medication decreased and/or discontinued Cholesterol decreased BP decreased Off CPAP Blood sugar normalized Prediabetes to normal Decreased inflammation Less pain

Knowing is not enough; we must apply. Willing is not enough; we must do. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Lifestyle Intervention Program Enables participants to reverse their chronic disease states through a structured approach to: • Nutrition • Cooking • Physical activity • Mindful Living • Yoga in a way that is attainable, practical, and engaging

Lifestyle…IS the Most Powerful Medicine • For general good health • To prevent and treat chronic diseases including: – Diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, obesity, cancer, inflammatory diseases • Theda. Care Lifestyle Intervention Program - designed to help you gain and sustain good health

Visionary The doctor of the future will give no medicine, but instead will interest his patients in the care of the human frame, in diet, and in the cause and prevention of disease. Thomas Edison

Lifestyle Team • Congratulations!!! • Fortunate to be part of the team • Leading this transformation at Theda. Care and in the Valley • Look forward to walking with you as you take your first steps in this life-changing journey

Lifestyle Intervention Program Group Visit # 1 For Group 27

Group Visit: Biometrics and Labs Teammates Concept We are all on this journey together!

Group Visit • PHA Lifestyle Tool (HAT) • Group Visit to review results (tonight) – Medical Director – Group data – Individual data – May request to opt out of group visit • Communication with PCP – Participant and Medical Director – Labs/biometrics – Medical Director will not treat, change medication, or recommend individual treatment

Labs • The baseline labs : – Lipid panel – Glucose – Hgb A 1 c – TSH level (thyroid) – Vitamin D – High sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hs-CRP) – Insulin

Biometrics and Labs • Definitions – what does it measure? • Implications – what does it mean? • Expectations – how will the Lifestyle Intervention Program affect it?

Personal Health Assessment (PHA) Tool (page 2) • Summary – Lifestyle Habits – Biometrics • Measurements • Lab Results

Results At-A-Glance (page 3) • Lifestyle Habits – – Nutrition Physical Activity Stress and Depression Alcohol Consumption • Need to Work On • Keep Up the Good Work • Biometrics for HAT – Labs – BMI – Tobacco

Health Trends – HAT (page 4/5) • Measurements – Weight – BMI – Lifestyle: waist measurement – BP • Labs (usual HAT labs) • Lifestyle Habits (self-reported) • Biometrics (HAT) Score

Lifestyle Lab Trends (page 22/23) • Lifestyle Labs for comparison

HAT (Pages 5 -9) • • • Nutrition Physical Activity Stress and Depression Alcohol Consumption Tobacco Use

Weight Management (page 10) • Height (health trends – page 4) • Weight (health trends – page 4) • BMI – High Risk: increases risk for • • High Blood Pressure Heart Disease Diabetes Cancer – Decreasing body weight by 5% can reduce risk – visceral fat (dangerous fat) is the first to go!

Why is Obesity linked to Chronic Disease? – Inflammation • Body’s goal is balance/homeostasis – baseline • Adipose tissue (fat) –inflammatory • Obesity causes metabolic dysregulation due to inflammation • Unifying mechanism in chronic disease is chronic inflammation – plays crucial role in the complications of obesity

Weight • Goals/expectations • Body composition – Decrease in fat – Increase in muscle • How will program affect weight and BMI? • Healthy weight loss?

Weight Goals • Think about your weight loss goal • Will you be satisfied with a 10% weight loss? • Research – 10% weight loss • Hormone changes - famine • Decreased caloric needs – Yo-yo physiology

Blood Pressure • High Blood Pressure increases your risk of: – Heart Disease – Stroke – Kidney Disease • • Ideal: <120/80 Pre. Hypertension (hypertension): 120 -139/80 -89 Hypertension - 1: 140 -159/90 -99 Hypertension - 2: over 160/100

Blood Pressure • How does the program affect BP? • Goals/expectations • What if I am taking medication for Blood Pressure? • How will I know if my medications need to be adjusted? • What do I tell my PCP? “What do I need to do to be able to change my medications? ”

Hypotension (low blood pressure ) • Symptoms: – May occur upon change of position or after standing – Dizziness/lightheaded feeling – Blurry vision – Confusion – Weakness – Sleepiness – Nausea

Hypotension • What to do: – Immediately sit or lie down until symptoms resolve – Change positions slowly – Drink plenty of water especially as we embark on an exercise program – Contact PCP with report of symptoms and blood pressure readings – Call 911 to go to Emergency Department if • Skin is cold/clammy or turns pale or blue • Pulse is weak and rapid • Breathing is rapid/labored

Blood Tests (pages 12 - 14) • • • LDL HDL Total Cholesterol/HDL Ratio Triglycerides Total Cholesterol Glucose

Lipids • Total Cholesterol • LDL <200 mg/dl <100 mg/dl – “Bad” cholesterol – Increases risk of cardiovascular diseases – Animal products/saturated fat • HDL >39 mg/dl – “Good” Cholesterol – Protective – Exercise • Triglycerides – – Fat Sugar Alcohol Lack of exercise <150 mg/dl

Lipids • • How does the program affect lipids? Goals/expectations What if I am taking medications for lipids? How will I know if my medications could be adjusted? • What do I tell my PCP? “What do I need to do to be able to change my medications? ”

Glucose (mg/d. L) • Low Risk: less than 100 • Increased Risk: 100 – 125 (Prediabetes) • High Risk: 126 and greater* (Diabetes) *diagnosis requires 2 readings >125

Diabetes and Pre-Diabetes • • How will the program affect these? Goals/expectations What if I am taking medication for diabetes How will I know if my medications may need to be changed?

Prediabetes (Groups 1 -18) • 150 participants had Prediabetes • 79 (53%) became normal by all criteria at 6 months!!!

Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) Symptoms: Shaking Blurry vision Confusion Rapid heartbeat Weakness Anxiety Dizziness Hunger Headache Pale skin Sweating irritability

Hypoglycemia • What to do? – Check your blood sugar or notify staff – Eat if past mealtime and if BG is less than 80 – Fruit juice/glucose tabs – Rest/Repeat/Recheck glucose – Eat light snack – Contact your PCP and report symptoms and readings – Call 911 to go to Emergency Department for: Seizures/loss of consciousness/extreme weakness

Metabolic Syndrome (page 15) Metabolic Syndrome is a name for a group of risk factors that occur together and increase the risk for coronary artery disease, stroke, and type II diabetes. According to the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, metabolic syndrome is present if you have three or more of the following signs: – Blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mm. Hg – Fasting blood sugar (glucose) ≥ 100 mg/d. L – Large waist circumference Men - 40 inches or more Women - 35 inches or more – Low HDL cholesterol: Men - under 40 mg/d. L Women - under 50 mg/d. L – Triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/d. L 4 of 11 •

Hemoglobin A 1 C (Hg. BA 1 C) This is a blood test used to look at your average blood sugar control over the past 3 months. When the blood sugar is high, the sugar attaches to the hemoglobin protein in red blood cells, forming hemoglobin A 1 C. High Risk (Diabetes) >6. 5 If your Hg. BA 1 C score is in the High Risk level, this confirms you have diabetes. You should consult your healthcare provider. Increased Risk (Prediabetes) 5. 7 -6. 4 If your Hg. BA 1 C score is in the Increased Risk level, this confirms you are prediabetic. You should consult your healthcare provider. Prevention and treatment = lifestyle Low Risk <5. 7

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) (page 17) This is a blood test that measures how well your thyroid gland is working. The TSH test is one of several thyroid tests used to check for thyroid disease. The thyroid gland makes hormones that control your metabolism (the process of turning the food you eat into energy). The thyroid gland is critical for maintaining body temperature and controlling heart rate, appetite, and digestive tract function. If your TSH test is Abnormal, you should consult your healthcare provider. If TSH is elevated, it may mean that thyroid function is reduced Normal Range 0. 4 -4. 7 u. IU/m. L

Vitamin D (25 -Hydroxyvitamin D 2 & D 3) (page 18) Tests the level of Vitamin D in your system. For reasons yet unclear, Vitamin D is associated with insulin resistance and low levels may increase your risk of developing metabolic syndrome. If you have metabolic syndrome, you're at increased risk for diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and stroke. Visceral fat affects metabolism of Vitamin D. Low Risk Increased Risk 25 -80 ng/m. L High Risk <10 ng/m. L 10 -24 ng/m. L If your Vitamin D (25 -Hydroxyvitamin D 2/D 3) test is Abnormal, you should consult your healthcare provider. If Vit D 3 < 30 – consider treating Ideal Goal: 50 – 80 ng/m. L

High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (HSCRP) This test is used to check the level of a substance called C-reactive protein, or HSCRP. The level of HSCRP in your blood goes up when there is inflammation in the body, specifically in the circulatory system (blood vessels). Increased HSCRP is a risk factor for coronary artery (heart) disease. An anti-inflammatory, plant-based diet reduces inflammation as well as blood glucose, blood cholesterol, and blood pressure, and helps control body weight. Normal Range Low Risk <1. 0 mg/L Your HSCRP score is in the Low Risk level, which decreases your relative risk for developing heart disease. Increased Risk 1. 0 -3. 0 mg/L High Risk >3. 0 mg/L Your HSCRP score is in the Increased/High Risk level, which increases your relative risk for developing heart disease. You should consult your healthcare provider.

Inflammation = Illness Broad Perspective • Acute Inflammation/Acute Disease – Injury – Trauma – Infection – Toxins – Immune reaction/allergies • Treatment • Modern Model of Medicine – Very effective

Chronic Disease Inflammation Gone awry

Chronic Diseases • Atherosclerosis – – – • • • • Coronary heart disease Stroke Peripheral artery disease Cancer Diabetes/ Prediabetes Hypertension Obesity Asthma Chronic Pain Rheumatoid Arthritis Autoimmune Disease Alzheimer’s Disease Acne Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) MS IBD Depression/anxiety

Treatment • Current model works for acute disease but not for chronic disease – Just give a pill, perform a procedure, right? • If we do not address underlying cause it = bandaid – Expensive – Ineffective in the long run – Not sustainable

Inflammation: Underlying Factor in Chronic Disease Increase Inflammation Decrease Inflammation • Processed foods • Fruits • Sugar/High Fructose Corn Syrup • Vegetables • Saturated Fats • Whole Grains • Animal Products • Leafy Greens • Toxins • Legumes • Smoking • Sleep • Alcohol • Water • Salt • Curcumin/Turmeric • Fried Foods • Vitamin D/Antioxidants • Sedentary Lifestyle • Moderate Exercise • Stress • Meditation/Yoga/Mindful Living

Insulin (page 20) This test measures the amount of insulin in the blood after a fasting period of at least eight hours. High levels are seen in people with metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance), which increases the risk of developing type II diabetes. If your Insulin Assay Blood test is Abnormal; you should consult your healthcare provider. Normal Range 2. 6 - 24. 9 mc. IU/m. L > 25 mc. IU/m. L = PREDIABETES

Group 27 Data - 11 total • Vitamin D deficiency <30 4 – Contact PCP to discuss plan • Prediabetes: 6 • DM II : 3

I Have Control?

Questions

• • • Metabolic Syndrome: Hyperlipidemia: Low HDL: Obese or overweight Elevated hs. CRP