Life Science 2010 Chap 8 Advances in Genetics
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Life Science 2010 Chap. 8 Advances in Genetics 鄭先祐(Ayo) 製作 Life Science 2010
The players w Recombinant DNA • source DNA or donor DNA • host DNA vector:運用於將source. DNA送入host. DNA w restriction enzymes:切DNA,以便接合。 w clone: a group of identical organisms w E. coli :Escherichia coli (大腸桿菌) w • circular chromosome + plasmid (Fig. 8. 1) Life Science 2010 2
Recombinant DNA w w w (1) Finding and isolating the gene (2) 選擇適當的restriction enzyme,切開 DNA (p. 142:切開A-G鍵)。 (3)取得所需要的基因片斷。 (4)將片斷的基因,導入切開的host DNA。 (5)這就是recombinant DNA,就可以進行 cloned (Fig. 8. 2) (6) screening 出正確的recombinant 品系。 Life Science 2010 3
Fig. 8. 2 運用細菌來製造人類的hormones。 Life Science 2010 4
Table 8. 1 一些基因 程產品。 w w w Human growth hormone (成長激素) Interferon (干擾素) Interleukin (促進白血球的免疫力) Insulin (胰島素) Renin inhibitor (降血壓素) Life Science 2010 11
DNA amplified DNA可以經由 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 被 amplified (increased)。 w 將片斷的DNA與nucleotides 和DNA polymerase混合。DNA polymerase可以促 使DNA複製。 w DNA將會持續複製到nucleotides耗盡。速 度相當快。於幾個小時內,就可以有 1, 000億個copies(DNA)。 (Fig. 8. 3) w Life Science 2010 13
Fig. 8. 3 DNA片斷 複製增加的方法。經過25個周期,就可 以有1, 000個copies。 Life Science 2010 14
Essay 8. 4 運用分子 偵查犯罪 (1) 抽取嫌犯精液 或血液的DNA,再 用restriction 酵素, 切割DNA。 (2) 將切割下來的DNA片斷,進行電泳(gel electrophoresis) 分離。附加standard比較用。 w (3)將在gel上已經分離的DNA片斷,轉置到 nitrocellulose sheet上。Gel 和nitrocellulose sheet 兩者相壓。 Life Science 2010 w 15
Gene replacement therapy 1990年,the first human gene therapy was performed. w 對象是一位四歲女孩,遺傳的免疫缺陷。 w 運用基因轉殖入的免疫system細胞注入女 孩的體內。這些engineered cells 逐漸的取 代原有的細胞。 w Life Science 2010 25
胎兒檢驗的方法。 Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺) ( Chorionic villus (絨毛 膜取樣) sampling Life Science 2010 26
v 問題與討論! japalura@hotmail. com Ayo NUTN website: http: //myweb. nutn. edu. tw/~hycheng/ Life Science 2010 27
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