LHC L1034 cm2 s1 FAIR NICA Super KEKB

Радиационные нагрузки на современных и планируемых ускорителях LHC L=1034 cm-2 s-1 FAIR NICA Super KEKB НE CMS HL-LHC L=5 x 1034 cm-2 s-1 (250 -300)fb-1/y 2025 y and 40 fb-1 /y 2016 y L=10 32 cm-2 s-1 L=10 27 cm-2 s-1 ions Au 79+ L=8 x 10 E 35 cm -2 s-1 10 Mrad for 10 years ATLAS Total dose picture for year Mu 2 e detector 1011 n/cm 2 /3 y near CRV-TS 2

Main properties of organic scintillators (OS): short decay time (a few ns); easy manufacture of OS in almost any shape, cheapness; reliable and stability of characteristics PS (1 -2)% PPO(PTP) UV 370 nm Item b-PBD BDB Y 7 3 HF Y 11 POPOP K 27 Absorption peak, nm 305 360 437/460 350 400 385 355 (0. 02 -0. 04)% POPOP 470 nm Britvich et. al. Emission peak, nm 360 405/425 490 530 476 420 492 3

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Bross, Dalmau Transmission damage PS after immidiate irradiations(a) and full annealing in air (b) for (1 -100) Mrad Wick e. a. z 2=άt Bleaching SCSN-38 (a) and K 27 WLS (b) after D=24 k. Gy in: (1) O 2; (2) dry air Recovery of SCSN-38 under different gas atmosphere Very vast in O 2, ~ 2 -3 days very slow in inert gases > 200 days 5

Sci. Fi Tracking at High Luminosity Colllider (LHCb) Joram e. a. 35 k. Gy за 10 лет вблизи пучка Ожидаемые потери при Д=1 k. Gy ~ 40% 8

Scintillating (Sci. Fi) fibers [J. Bisplinghoff e. a. ] Sci. Fi Hodoscope for COMPASS 108 muons/s 10 6 /fiber channel 1 mm SCSF -78 MJ D=100 k. Gy(10 Mrad) , Erlangen tandem accelerator Light output loss no more than 15%. Light attenuation lengths of clear fibres PSMJ before and after irradiation 10 k. Gy (galo region). Difference 3 times 1. Joint of two fibers ends by means of melting them at T =(1050 -1100) C within several seconds provides mechanically strong connection which doesn't lead to losses by light transmission. 2. Light loss in case of using only WLS fiber is 60% instead of 20% in case of using WLS+clear fibers 9

Light yield comparision of BCF 91 A-MC(Bicron), Y 11(200)MSJ (Kuraray) and S 250 -100(Pol. -Hi. Tech. ) WLS fibers for D= 1. 16 k. Gy and 6. 93 k. Gy M. J. Varanda et. al. Co 60 D=1. 16 k. Gy and 6. 93 k. Gy 1 mm WLS fibers LY for D=1. 16 k. Gy Light loss 13% 1. Kuraray fiber has the best LY and Latt. 2. Relative light losses are 17 (46)%(BCF 91 A), 13(29)% (Kuraray and 40(45)% (Pol-Hi. Tech for D=1. 16 (6. 93) k. Gy LY for D=6. 93 k. Gy Light loss 29% 12

WLS fiber and scintillator + WLS fiber Alfaro e. a. Co 60 BC-404 + BSF-99 -29 MC D= 50 krad - 1 Mrad, Rate 4. 4 krad/min 80% permanent level reached after 300 h for D=200 krad BSF-99 -29 MC D= 50, 100, 200, 300, 650 krad, 1 Mrad Rate 7 krad/min 1. Recovery time of fibers 2 orders of magnitudes is shorter than of scintillator for D=200 krad 2. Permanent level is only 50% (70%) for D=1 Mrad (650 krad). 3. Time recovery increases significantly at high doses. D=50, 100, 200, 300 krad D=650 krad, 1 Mrad 13

Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials, Moscow Образование света в полистироле и NOL сцинтилляторе NOL 11 λemis= 397, 421, 445 nm ε=96% τ=0. 98 ns NOL 19 λemis= 436, 466, 490 nm ε=87% τ=0. 93 ns 15

Mu 2 e project, CRV modules about 6 m long strips with holes 16

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A. Maio, e. a. Dose rate effect on Ф 1 mm , 2 m long BCF 99 -28, BCF 99 -28 UVA, ВСF 91 A (DC) Y 11(200)MS и Y 11(200) MS UVA S 048 -100 N 4 и S 048 -100 UVA 60 Co (Bicron), (Kuraray) ( Pol. Hi. Tech. ). Dose rates (0. 55, 1. 1 and 4) krad/h D=140 krad 80% γ + 20%n Dose rate 1, 5 Mrad/h D=1 Mrad Recovery time about 6 days( no difference observed between 6 -20 days after irradiation) Permanent damage 28% for Y 11(200) and (21 -24)% fof BCF 91 A No dose effects ? ? Left – 1 h after irradiation Right – recovery of Y 11(200) 26

Item Absorption, nm Re-emission, nm b-PBD 305 366 BDB 360 405/425 Y 7 437/460 490 3 HF 350 530 POPOP 370 470 Бритвич и др. 27

Borshchev e. a. 28

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Bodmann, n irradiation 33

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3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Yu. Kharzheev, New trends in using scintillation counters in modern high energy physics experiments// Mongolian journal of physics issue 2 Ю. Н. Харжеев, Сцинтилляционные счетчики в современных экспериментах физики высоких энергий (обзор) //ЭЧАЯ = Physics of Part A. Artikov, V. Baranov, Ju. Budagov, D. Chokheli, Yu. Davydov, V. Glagolev, Yu. Kharzheev, V. Kolomoetz, A. Shalugin, A. Simonenko and V. M. Abazov et. al. (D 0 collaboration), Electron and Photon Identification in the D 0 Experiment // Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics V. M. Abazov et. al. (D 0 collaboration), Muon Reconstruction and Identification with the Run II D 0 Detector // Nuclear Instruments & Method 8. A. Artikov, V. Baranov, Ju. Budagov, M. Bulavin, I. Vasiljev, Yu. Davydov, V. Glagolev, V. Kolomoets, A. Simonenko, Yu. Kharzh 36

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