Lets Rock THE ROCK CYCLE AND ITS MINERALS

Lets Rock! THE ROCK CYCLE AND ITS’ MINERALS

3 Types of Rocks There are 3 different types of rocks; Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

Copy the Rock Cycle Diagram Below (words and arrows)

Igneous Rock Igneous rocks are formed by magma and lava as it cools. They can either be very light and airy or the rocks can be glassy.

Igneous rock

Sedimentary Rock Sedimentary rock is made when sediments (sand, gravel, and dirt) are pressed together to make a rock Sedimentary rock is formed in layers.

Sedimentary Rocks Limestone Shale Sandstone Granite

Metamorphic Rock Metamorphic rocks are made from other rocks. Heat and pressure help change an igneous or sedimentary rock into a new rock

The Rock Cycle

PARTS OF ROCKS

Rocks have many different parts Rocks can be sorted into groups by looking at the size of their grains and crystals.

Crystals are different atoms that are formed in a pattern. They can be big or small, fat or thin.

Grains are smaller pieces of rock or sediment. Their size helps to determine the rock.

Minerals

Mineral Properties v Used to identify minerals 1. Color • Least useful property in identifying minerals. • Why?

2. Streak • • The color of a minerals powder. “streak test”

3. Luster • How the minerals surface reflects light. • Metallic vs. non- metallic.

4. Hardness • The ability of a mineral to resist being scratched.

4. Hardness • The harder substances scratch softer substances. • Rating 1 -4 soft 5 -6 medium 7 -10 hard • Ex. A diamond (10) can scratch glass.

Identifying Characteristics of Rocks Igneous • Intergrown crystals • Glassy texture • Lava or magma cools Sedimentary • Cemented and compacted sediments -(sand, dirt) • Can have Fossils Metamorphic • Banding • Foliated • Come from other rocks