Lets remind ourselves again why did Great Britain

Let’s remind ourselves again … …why did Great Britain want colonial territory?

Land Money = Power Religious purposes Competition for land The Thirteen Colonies supplied GB w/ Land Agriculture Natural resources and were a market for selling finished goods = money

Was GB the only one seeking this land wealth? NO – lots of nations wanted to compete to be the biggest and the best Who?

h Frenc Engli Spanish sh

What went wrong? • Authority is far away • Colonists not treated as citizens with rights • “stealing” our natural resources • Manipulating the prices the colonists are charged (taxes/tariffs)

What I say goes! But in reality, how do I get those colonists to obey my rules?

Colonial Government

When you have the opportunity to choose your group, how do you do so?

Why did the King put this in place? Colonial Government How were the officials selected? What sets the Colonial Assembly apart? What were the roles of the council? T/F – The Mayflower Compact established every colony’s CA.

Colonial Government British Crown • • • Royal Governor • (1/colony) • • • Appointed by Governor (aligned with King) Advisory board to governor (cabinet) Acted as highest court in each colony (judicial system) Council (5 -7 members) Colonial Assembly (10 or more) AKA…The King Located in GB Absolute power (works w/ Parliament) Appointed by the King Located in Colonies Oversaw Colonial trade (tax collection & smuggling) Had final approval on laws created by the Colonial Assembly (including dismissal of the CA) • • • Elected by Colonial residents Made local laws Had authority to tax (local taxes)

Who would you want to be? Why?

Colonial Government When it comes down to it… Each colony created their own local government (elections) BUT the British Monarchy – ultimate authority

This is how the King believes he is going to be able to manage the colonies Colonial Government

Colonial Government ? Colonial Government

• Colonists had been living in North America since the earliest settlements at Jamestown (1609). • By now they have experienced many successes and failures, they are established and are ready see what else is out there…

French and Indian War

• Colonists had been living in North America since the earliest settlements at Jamestown (1609). • By now they have experienced many successes and failures, they are established and are ready see what else is out there…

I want more! Colonists want to continue to move west and expand their territory Past what? _____________________ To get to the ____________________ GB’s King is in favor of this (for the most part). Why? _________________________________________________ But who else is over there that may have a problem with

As colonists begin to What was the result of spread out competing for who/what this land? stands in their way? Appalachian Mountains Other European explorers (namely: French) Natives

French and Indian War Basics Who: Great Britain/Colonists vs. French/Indians George Washington’s rise to fame; very much a “world war” – Spain, France, GB, India, Africa, Caribbean What: Conflict over land, raw materials, and the access to trade routes Where: Ohio River Valley (near Ohio) When: 1754 -1761 (also called the Seven Years War…why? ) (Treaty of Paris – not signed until 1763) Why: World power and domination in the Americas

French and Indian War Results Outcome/Results: Treaty of Paris 1763 British victory France withdrew from all claims east of the Mississippi River (still held land west of the Miss. River sort of)

Land Claims Map Questions Answer the two questions on the right side of the map. Locate the dates of these maps. What event had taken place? What statement can you make about: The French The Spanish The British The Proclamation Line of 1763 appears to be along (on top of) what physical feature?

French and Indian War Results Outcome/Results: Proclamation Line of 1763 Said that colonists would not expand westward past the Appalachian Mountains Angered colonists But the King felt as though he had to do this to avoid MORE war with ______

Let’s go back again… What do you need for war?

Do all of these “things” have a cost?

What are the costs of war?

When it comes down to it… WAR =

Colonies vs. Great Britain Following the French and Indian War… • GB had tremendous debt… • A standing British military in colonies (adding to that debt)…

War Costs Money Debt already accrued (GB Debt 1754) =£ 75 million ($114, 835, 000 = 2016) GB Debt + Costs of F & I War (1763) = £ 133 million ($202, 454, 200 = 2016) Growing Debt Payment for the standing British military presence So instead of making money off the colonies, Great Britain now has an increasing debt!

So where was GB going to come up with all this money? TAXES

What are taxes? *see tax survey

Pro’s and Con’s 1 of each

Think of a rule that you live by that you wish you could change?

How do you feel about not being able to change these rules? Frustrated Angry Do you ever rebel? How do you let your parents know you don’t like the rule? Do you get a voice in the matter?

How does President Obama know how you feel about the job he is doing?

Our ability to VOTE is our voice.

Do you have this same “voting” privilege or right in your home?

Colonists begin to face taxes that they cannot change… Why? How?

True/False Colonists had never paid taxes before living in North America. As colonists, they were considered citizens of Great Britain and had the right to vote for members of British Parliament. Colonists were always unwilling to pay taxes to Great Britain.

Colonists begin to face taxes that they cannot change… They try to compromise over and over again. Failed attempts lead to the American Revolution.

Road to the Revo lutio n

Turn around, harbor CLOSED! Tea Act Intolerable Act Sugar Act Townshend Act Stamp Act

Road to the Revolution : Sugar Act "it is expedient that new provisions and regulations should Details Colonists’ Response be established for improving the revenue of this Kingdom. . . 1764 and. . . it is just and necessary that a revenue should be raised. . . for defraying the expenses of defending, protecting, and securing the same. " Created the Committee of Tax on sugar/molasses– Correspondence to improve tax money went to GB communication among the colonies (Samuel Adams) Customers paid higher prices due to tax What did they talk about? Repealed by King

Road to the Revolution : Stamp Act Details 1765 Tax on all paper items (licenses, newspapers, contracts, legal documents, etc. ) Repealed; as an attempt to restore order Colonists’ Response Unpopular in the colonies Sons of Liberty; secret society created (S. Adams) Boycotts and protests (hurting London merchants; cried over lost business) Patrick Henry – emerges as a colonial leader James Otis – “taxation without representation is tyranny. "

• Without the official seal, documents were considered illegal • Could only obtain the seal by paying the tax • Contracts • Playing cards • Newspapers • Pamphlets

Road to the Revolution : Declaratory Act Details 1766 Parliament had the power to make laws for the colonies “in all cases whatsoever” Colonists’ Response Worried colonists…what would come next? Strips away colonial independence – reality check of who is boss

Road to the Revolution : Townshend Act Details Colonists’ The Fourth Amendment (Amendment IV) to. Response the United States Constitution is the part of. Unpopular the Bill of Rights which in the colonies 1767 guards against unreasonable searches and seizures, along with requiring any warrant to be judicially sanctioned and Tax on glass, lead, paint, supported by probable cause. Resentment towards paper and tea British soldiers/rule Unwarranted searches for smuggled goods (today considered illegal search and seizure) Repealed Boston Massacre (Paul Revere)

Order! Colonists have faced: Two taxes/acts an additional act that declares British Parliament as the law making body “whatsoever” (in all cases) Within this newest act, colonists not only have to pay unavoidable taxes, but they also have to allow British soldiers to search and seize smuggled goods from their homes Tensions are high

Order! British troops in colonial towns…Boston To enforce the Townshend Act Tax collection and search for smuggled goods March 5, 1770 Colonists engaged British soldiers in a street fight – shouting/shoving/throwing sticks and snow balls

Order! Raised voices and a dare (“Come on you rascals…Fire if you dare!”) created more commotion and shots were fired, killing five This is how the events of the Boston Massacre were reported Townshend Acts repealed (except tax on tea)

Road to the Revolution : Tea Act Details Colonists’ Response 1773 Unpopular in the colonies British East India company allowed exclusive rights to sell tea directly to the colonists No choice in tea Directly selling to colonists would mean cheaper tea, less smuggling and more tax revenue Continued to boycott goods, and smuggle tea Boston Tea Party

Boston harbor is a teapot tonight! Three ships arrive in Boston Harbor Sons of Liberty: ships must leave Governor: must pay tax for shipment December 16, 1773 Colonists disguised as Indians Dump 340 chests of tea

Road to the Revolution : Intolerable Acts Details 1774 Punishment for the Boston Tea Party Colonists’ Response

Coercive Acts (aka Intolerable Acts) Spring 1774 In response to the Boston Tea Party and to punish colonists… Boston Harbor was closed Massachusetts’ charter was canceled (no colonial assembly) Quartering Act – requiring colonists to house British soldiers

Colonial Reaction

Road to the Revolution : Intolerable Acts Details Colonists’ Response 1774 “Coercive” Acts Punishment for the Boston Tea Party First Continental Congress Ban trade with GB Formation and preparation of militias

Turn around Harbor is CLOSED! Turn around - Harbor is CLOSED!

We can’t take anymore! Should we declare war? Wait, wait lets think this through…

Welc ome Carp to ente r Hall! ’s

They all came together except… 1774 But did they all agree?

Our colonists want peace with Mother England Patrick You’re crazy! Henry (VA) Violence is inevitable and we must be prepared. PA GA

Results compromise ion t a r a l c De ts h g i R f o Next meeting… 1775

Please we don’t want to fight! We just want a voice! tio Declara n of Rights

Declaration of Rights List of ten resolutions to “fix” the Intolerable Acts (this is what “we want”) Precursor to the Declaration of Independence (this is what “we demand”),

I am the KING! You are my subjects! When I want your opinion I will ask for it. # spoiledbrats Response to the Declaration of Rights As a result, the Intolerable Acts stay in effect. Resentment and boycotting of British goods grow. Colonial leaders continue to emerge to rally and unite colonists against the British tyranny.

Huh? What are these words? Why is there no peace? Who’s “we” “They tell us, Sir, that we are weak; unable to cope with so formidable an adversary. But when will we be stronger? Gentlemen may cry, Peace – but there is no peace. I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty or give me death. ” What does he mean by liberty?

Before we know it… http: //www. history. com/topics/american-revolution