Lesson IX Imperative Verbs Declension Review filia filiae

Lesson IX Imperative Verbs Declension Review

filia, filiae (f. ) daughter

hora, horae (f. ) hour

meus, mea, meum my, mine

quintus, quinta, quintum fifth

tuus, tua, tuum your, yours (singular)

paene almost

semper always

Present Imperative Verbs • All the verb charts we have studied so far have been in the indicative mood. • The indicative mood is used to make statements or ask questions. • We have learned the present indicative and future indicative.

Present Imperative Verbs • Imperative mood: used to give commands. • Announce the news! • Carry the water, slave. • Show the road to the girls. • Sailors, prepare the boat!

Present Imperative Verbs • A singular imperative gives a command to one person. • In Latin, the singular imperative is the same as the present stem of the verb…drop the –re from the infinitive. • porto, portare: carry • singular imperative: PORTA! (carry!) • Porta aquam, puella. (Carry the water, girl. )

Present Imperative Verbs • A plural imperative gives a command to more than one person. • To form the plural imperative, add –te to the singular imperative. • porto, portare: carry • Plural imperative: porta + te = PORTATE! • Puellae, portate aquam! (Girls, carry the water!)

Present Imperative Verbs • An imperative usually stands at or near the beginning of a Latin sentence. • Do not confuse the –a ending of the singular imperative with the ablative noun ending –a. The imperative is used only with verb words.

Practicing Imperatives Infinitive Singular, Plural Imperative • • • amare laudare portare navigare parare Ama! Amate! Laudate! Portate! Navigate! Parate!

Things to Take Away From This Lesson • Imperative verbs give commands. • The singular imperative verb is the verb stem. • The plural imperative verb is the verb stem + te.

Imperative Practice! Translate in your notes for reference. • • • Puella, porta aquam ad casam. Navigate ad insulam, nautae! Para cibum! Ama filiam tuam et filia tua te (you) amabit. Serva pecuniam tuam.