Lesson 9 Imperatives Latin I Jan 21 Feb

Lesson 9 Imperatives Latin I Jan. 21 -Feb. 2, 2015

Moody Verbs • Verbs have moods. • Indicative mood, subjunctive mood, imperative mood. • The indicative mood is used to make statements or ask questions. • We have learned the present tense indicative and future tense indicative.

Present Imperative Verbs • • • Imperative mood: used to give commands. Announce the news! Carry the water, slave. Show the road to the girls. Sailors, prepare the boat!

Present Imperative Verbs • A singular imperative gives a command to ONE person. • In Latin, the singular imperative is the same as the present stem of the verb…drop the –re from the infinitive. • porto, portare: carry • singular imperative: PORTA! (carry!)

Practicing Imperatives Infinitive • • • amare laudare portare navigare parare Singular Imperative • • • Ama! Lauda! Porta! Naviga! Para!

Practicing Imperatives • Puella, porta aquam!

Present Imperative Verbs • A plural imperative gives a command to more than one person. • To form the plural imperative, just add –te to the singular imperative. • porto, portare: carry • Plural imperative: porta + te = PORTATE!

Practicing Imperatives Infinitive • • • amare laudare portare navigare parare Plural Imperative • • • Amate! Laudate! Portate! Navigate! Parate!

Practicing Imperatives • Puellae, portate aquam!

Present Imperative Verbs • An imperative usually stands at or near the beginning of a Latin sentence. • Do not confuse the –a ending of the singular imperative with the ablative noun ending –a. The imperative is used only with verb words.

Things to Take Away From This Lesson • Imperative verbs give commands. • The singular imperative verb is the verb stem. • The plural imperative verb is the verb stem + -te.

Imperative Practice! Write Latin AND English and turn in! • • • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Puella, porta aquam ad casam. Navigate ad insulam, nautae! Para cibum! Ama filiam tuam et filia tua te (you) amabit. Serva pecuniam tuam.

Negative Imperatives • What if you want to tell someone NOT to do something? • Girls, don’t carry the water!

Negative Imperatives • Meet your negative command words: • These words pair up with the INFINITIVE (2 nd principle part) verb: the –RE form. But we don’t drop the –RE this time.

Finding the Infinitive • porto, portare, portavi, portatus

Negative Imperatives • Girl, don’t carry the water! • Puella, noli portare aquam!

Negative Imperatives • Girls, don’t carry the water! • Puellae, nolite portare aquam!

Things to Take Away From This Lesson • Negative imperative verbs give “don’t…” commands. • The singular negative command is “noli …” plus the infinitive. • The plural negative command is “nolite…” plus the infinitive.

Negative Imperative Practice! Write Latin AND English and turn in! Keep the commas in place. • • 1. 2. 3. 4. Julia, noli parare cibum cras. Nolite amare pecuniam, amici. Nolite navigare ad insulam, nautae! Anna, noli amare agricolam malum.