Lesson 6 Canadian Biomes Biomes Biomes large geographical
Lesson 6 – Canadian Biomes
Biomes • Biomes – large geographical regions that have a similar climate and a specific set of biotic and abiotic features • Similar ecosystems fit into the same biome • Earth has many biomes with recognizable ecosystems – desert, coral reef, tundra, tropical rainforest, etc. • Canada has five major terrestrial biomes
Tundra Biome • Cold, barren biome in northernmost part of Canada • Low temperatures for most of the year • Short growing season • Permafrost layer beneath soil • Precipitation from 0 to 25 cm/year • Poor soil quality • Low diversity
Tundra Plants • Rapid-flowering plants
Tundra Plants • Lichen
Tundra Plants • Mosses
Tundra Animals • Caribou
Tundra Animals • Ptarmigan
Tundra Animals • Lemmings
Tundra Animals • Arctic fox
Tundra Animals • Snowy Owl
Boreal Forest Biome • • • Largest biome in Canada Warmer than tundra No permafrost Changeable weather Precipitation 40 cm/year or more Soil contains some water and is acidic
Boreal Forest Plants • Coniferous Trees – Spruce, Pine, Fir
Boreal Forest Animals • Seed-Eating Birds
Boreal Forest Animals • Squirrels
Boreal Forest Animals • Voles
Boreal Forest Animals • Snowshoe Hares
Boreal Forest Animals • Black Bears
Boreal Forest Animals • Pine Martens
Boreal Forest Animals • Grey Wolves
Mountain Forest Biome Located on west coast of Canada Temperatures vary with elevation Cool summers Windy conditions Heavy precipitation on windward side of mountains • Fast-flowing rivers • • •
Mountain Forest Plants • Large coniferous trees • Ferns
Mountain Forest Animals • Squirrels • Marmots
Mountain Forest Animals • Elk
Mountain Forest Animals • Black Bears • Grizzly Bears
Mountain Forest Animals • Cougars
Grassland Biome • Dry, hot summers lead to fires, which help maintain grassland by slowing tree growth • Longer growing season than boreal forest • Higher temperatures than tundra or boreal forest • Precipitation from 25 to 75 cm/year • Rich, fertile soil
Grassland Plants • Fescue Grasses
Grassland Plants • Wheat
Grassland Animals • Voles and mice • Grasshoppers
Grassland Animals • Bison
Grassland Animals • Snakes
Grassland Animals • Hawks
Grassland Animals • Coyotes
Temperate Deciduous Forest Biome • Great variety of deciduous trees and animals • Longer growing season than boreal forest • Higher temperatures than tundra or boreal forest • Precipitation up to 100 cm/year • Fertile soil
Temperate Deciduous Plants • Deciduous Trees
Temperate Deciduous Plants • Flowering Plants
Temperate Deciduous Animals • • • Squirrels Shrews and Mice Black Bears Many Insects Deer
Temperate Deciduous Animals • Hummingbirds
Temperate Deciduous Animals • Weasels
Canada’s Biomes Mountain Forest Tundra Boreal Forest Grassland Temperate Deciduous Forest
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