LESSON 6 C CONTRACEPTION Scott White Worth the

LESSON 6 C CONTRACEPTION

Scott & White ® Worth the Wait Contraception & Teens: Providing the FACTS! Developed by the Scott & White Sex Education Program Scott & White Memorial Hospital and Clinic © 2011, Scott & White Memorial Hospital and Scott, Sherwood and Brindley Foundation

Pregnancy n n n Fertilization: an egg from the ovary unites with sperm from testicles Implantation: fertilized egg must implant on the inside wall of the uterus Birth control interferes with the process to prevent pregnancy

Types of Contraception (Birth Control) n n n Hormonal Intrauterine Spermicidal n n n Fertility awareness Withdrawal Barrier

CONTRACEPTION IMPORTANT NOTE All methods of birth control must be used consistently and correctly in order to be effective--that means used as directed OR used with every act of intercourse, depending on the method being used.

Contraception n n Birth control pills Birth control injections Birth control implant Emergency contraception Intrauterine device n n n Spermicide Withdrawal Natural family planning Male condom Abstinence

Birth Control Pills (BCPs) [Oral Contraceptives]

Birth Control Pills n n Pills, taken by mouth once a day, that contain hormones (usually estrogen and progesterone). BCPs are not 100% effective in preventing pregnancy and provide NO PROTECTION FROM STDS.

Patch & Vaginal Ring

BCPs, Patch, Vaginal Ring: Correct Use n n MUST be used exactly as directed Restart new pill pack, patch, or ring ON TIME to prevent a chance of pregnancy Do NOT stop without talking to your healthcare provider, nuisance side effects common, usually go away after 1 or 2 months Do NOT stop using your birth control method just because you break-up with your partner

Birth Control Injections: DMPA (Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate) Depo Provera®

Birth Control Injections n n DMPA injections (shots) contain progesterone only and are given every 12 weeks. DMPA injections are very effective in preventing pregnancy but ONLY if given every 12 weeks. n Often discontinued because of side effects. n NO PROTECTION FROM STDS.

Birth Control Implant

Birth Control Implant n n n A matchstick size rod containing a progesteronelike hormone; inserted by a healthcare professional under the skin of a woman’s upper arm. Releases hormones for up to 3 years. Implants are very effective in preventing pregnancy. NO PROTECTION FROM STDS.

Emergency Contraception (EC) n n n Progestin only pills taken orally, as soon as possible, after unprotected intercourse If ECs are taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse, they may reduce the risk of pregnancy if ovulation has not already occurred. NO PROTECTION FROM STDS.

Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)

Intrauterine Devices n IUDs are small devices, less than 2 inches in size, placed through the cervix inside the uterus. They contain either copper or a hormone similar to progesterone. n Very effective in preventing pregnancy n NO PROTECTION FROM STDS.

Spermicides

Spermicides n n Gels, foams, creams, and suppositories that need to be placed in the vagina BEFORE intercourse NO PROTECTION FROM STDS, due to tissue irritation may actually increase your risk of getting HIV/AIDS.

Natural Family Planning (Fertility Awareness)

Natural Family Planning n n n Avoidance of vaginal intercourse during the fertile period. Effective in a highly motivated couple, not generally used or recommended for teens. NO PROTECTION FROM STDS.

Withdrawal Method

Withdrawal n n n Penis is removed from the vagina prior to ejaculation. Because sperm can be present prior to ejaculation, pregnancy can occur with this method. NO PROTECTION FROM STDS.

Male Condom (Prophylactics)

Male Condom n n Condoms are sheaths (covers) made of natural membranes (lambskin) or latex or polyurethane (a type of plastic). They are unrolled over the penis before any genital-to-genital contact. Condoms do greatly reduce the risks of pregnancy and STDs only if used consistently and correctly.

Condom Facts You Need To Know 1. Condoms do greatly reduce the risks of pregnancy and HIV but only if used consistently and correctly with every act of intercourse.

Condom Facts You Need To Know 2. Condoms have a higher pregnancy failure rate than hormonal methods of birth control (emphasis on dual protection).

Condom Facts You Need To Know 3. Condoms reduce, but do not eliminate, risk of STDs including HIV (must have regular check ups for STD screening).

Abstinence n n Avoidance of all sexual contact. Provides 100% protections from pregnancy and acquisition of STDs and can prevent the many emotional issues associated with teen sexual activity.

Sex is not a Game The most effective methods of birth control are the ones that require the least amount of user actions. From the list below, identify the 3 most effective: A. B. C. Condom IUD Pill/Patch/Ring D. Implant E. Depo (shot)

Sex is not a Game The most effective methods of birth control are the ones that require the least amount of user actions. From the list below, identify the 3 most effective: A. B. C. Condom IUD Pill/Patch/Ring D. Implant E. Depo (shot)

Sex is not a Game Which methods require the most actions by the user. Choose 2 from the list below: A. Condom D. Implant B. IUD E. Depo (shot) C. Pill/Patch/Ring

Sex is not a Game Which methods require the most actions by the user. Choose 2 from the list below: A. Condom D. Implant B. IUD E. Depo (shot) C. Pill/Patch/Ring

Sex is not a Game Which method of birth control can you use if you think you’re pregnant?

Sex is not a Game Amy and her boyfriend had sex. She was on birth control and he used a condom. They feel they are safe because they have decreased the risk of pregnancy and possible STD transmission. Let me ask you…

Sex is not a Game n n How might she feel if he leaves her for another girl? How might he feel if she leaves him for another guy? What are some emotional consequences of couples breaking up? What problems have you seen when couples break up?

Sex is not a Game What is the most effective means of birth control for teens?