Lesson 3 Nationalism Giuseppe Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel

Lesson 3 Nationalism Giuseppe Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel II meeting in Italy, 1860

Setting the Stage Nationalism was the most powerful idea of the 1800 s. Its influence stretched throughout Europe and the Americas. It helped countries by creating new ones or breaking up old ones. In Europe, it also upset the balance of power set up at the Congress of Vienna in 1815, affecting the lives of millions. Empires in Europe were made up of many different groups of people. Nationalism fed the desire of most of those groups to be free of the rule of empires and govern themselves in their traditional lands.

Nationalism: A Force for Unity or Disunity • During the 1800 s, nationalism fueled efforts to build nationstates. • Nationalists were not loyal to kings, but to their people – those who shared common bonds. • Nationalists believed that people of a single “nationality, ” or ancestry (race), should unite under a single government. • However, people who wanted to restore the old order from before the French Revolution saw nationalism as a force of disunity, • Gradually, authoritarian rulers saw that nationalism could also unify people. They built nation-states where they remained in control.

Types of Nationalist Movements Type Unification Separation State-Building Characteristics Mergers of politically divided but culturally similar lands. Culturally distinct group resists being added to a state or tries to break away. Culturally distinct groups form into a new state by accepting a single culture. Example 19 th century Germany 19 th century Italy Greeks in the Ottoman Empire United States Turkey

#5 a Timeline Pg. 240 -247: As you read this Lesson, fill in the timeline to review the events that tool place in Italy and Germany. 1848 Italy 1848 Germany 1852 Italy 1856 Germany 1860 Italy 1862 Germany 1866 Germany 1870 Italy 1871 Germany 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

#5 b Key Terms Pgs. 240 -247 1. Russification 2. Junker 3. realpolitik 4. kaiser