Lesson 19 Living By Chemistry Austin HS Chemistry

Lesson 19 Living By Chemistry Austin HS Chemistry L. Gutierrez 2016 Noble Gas Envy

Chem. Catalyst Chemists have found that metal atoms transfer electrons to nonmetal atoms when they form compounds. Examine the shell model showing how a lithium atom might transfer an electron to a fluorine atom. 1. What effect does this electron transfer have on the charge of each atom? 1. What element does each atom resemble after the electron has been transferred?

Noble Gas Envy: Key Question How is chemical stability related to the arrangements of electrons in atoms?

Ion �An atom (or group of atoms) that has a positive or negative charge because it has lost or gained electrons. Loses e(+3) + (-3) = 0 (neutral) Li+1

Metals are “Givers” �Metals lose/give their electron(s) when they form ions �Metals ions have a positive(+) electrical charge.

Nonmetals are “Takers” �Nonmetals gain/take electron(s) when they form ions �Nonmetals ions have a negative (-) electrical charge.

Noble Gas Envy: Activity 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Get in groups of 5 -6 Students. In the upper left-hand corner, number the blank cards 1 -20. Shuffle the cards and divide them evenly among the group members. The # of each card is the atomic # of an element. Create ion cards like the one shown for each atomic #. Elements in Groups 1 A, 2 A, and 3 A lose electrons. Elements in Groups 5 A, 6 A, and 7 A gain electrons. Elements in Group 4 A could gain or lose electrons, so use both side of these cards to show either option. Organize the cards according to the periodic table.

Cards 1 -20

Questions to Answer 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. List at least three patterns that you notice in the arranged cards. What happens to the charge on an atom when electrons are removed? What happens to the charge on an atom that gains electrons? Does transferring an electron change the identity of the elements involved? Explain. Making Sense Why do you think this lesson is titled “Noble Gas Envy”?

Metals (Cations) / Nonmetal (Anions) 11 � Metals � Nonmetals “Cat”ion = Positive (+) “ANgry”ion = Negative (-) are going to be giving electrons making them positively charged ion Cation: a positively charged atom are going to be taking electrons making them negatively charged ion Anion: a negatively charged atom

Everyone Wants to be Like “The Noble Gases” 12 � Atoms tend to lose or gain electrons to attain the electron arrangement of a noble gas. � An Atom will take the path of least resistance to achieve this goal.

1+ Loses Electrons 2+ Gains/ Loses 3+ 4+/- Gains Electrons 0 3 - 2 - 1 - 13