Lesson 13 Vocative Case Ablative of Place From

Lesson 13 Vocative Case Ablative of Place From Which Latin I 2015

Vocative Case (Lesson 13) • In Latin, the vocative case is used to address people directly or to get their attention. • Charles, come here! • Emily, you’re the best sister anyone could have! • Leave me alone, creep!

Vocative Case • The name “vocative” case comes from the Latin word “voco”: “to call. ” • The vocative is set apart by commas in English. • It’s often used with the imperative (command) verbs.

How To Make a Vocative • Most Latin words use the nominative ending for their vocative form, too. Yay! No new endings! • Porta aquam, mea filia. • Carry the water, my daughter. • But… there are exceptions!

How To Make a Vocative • Words that end in –us make their singular vocative by changing the –us to –e. • • Carry the water, Marcus! Porta aquam, Marce! Hurry, friend! Festina, amice!

How To Make a Vocative • Words that end in –ius make their singular vocative by changing the –ius to –i. • • Free the captives, Lucius! Libera captivos, Luci! Hurry, son! (filius) Festina, fili!

What To Take Away From the Lesson! • Vocatives are used to address someone directly. • The only words that use special endings are –us and –ius singular words. • -us = -e -ius = -i • All other words just use their nominative endings.

Making Vocatives! • • Quintus agricolae Cornelia Tullius Anna Marcus amicus servus • • Quinte agricolae Cornelia Tulli Anna Marce amice serve

Ablative of Place From Which • You have 3 prepositions in your vocabulary list this week that all mean “from. ” – a, ab: away from (the outside) – de: down from, about, concerning – ē, ex: out from (the inside), from, out of *“a” and “ē” are used before words that begin with consonants

Ablative of Place From Which • All 3 prepositions are followed by a noun in the ablative case. Remember that ablative case endings are: – -ā, -o (singular) – -is (plural)

Translating Ablative Phrases • • ex aquā ā casis de Italiā de equo de equis de gloriā • • out of the water away from the houses from Italy down from the horses about glory