Lesson 10 3 Equine Industry Lesson Outcomes Understand

Lesson 10. 3 Equine Industry

Lesson Outcomes • Understand the size and scope of the equine industry • Define common terms used in the equine industry • Describe the components of the equine industry in the United States mariait/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Lesson Outcomes • Differentiate between different types of equine animals based on physical characteristics • Identify and describe common breeds of equine animals mariait/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Equines • Equines include single-toed hooved animals, such as horses, asses, and zebras jacotakepics/Shutterstock. com (left); Stefano Pellicciari/Shutterstock. com (center); Fireglo/Shutterstock. com (right) Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Equine Industry in the United States • According to the American Horse Council (AHC), there are over nine million horses in the United States • The top five states by number of horses Pelana/Shutterstock. com – Texas – Oklahoma – Kentucky – Tennessee – Missouri Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Common Equine Terms • • • Foal—young equine of either gender Filly—female horse two years or younger Colt—male horse two years or younger Gelding—castrated male Mare—mature female horse Broodmare—mature mare kept for breeding Stallion—mature male horse Jenny or Jennet—female ass or donkey Jack—male ass or donkey Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Production Cycle • • Gestation is 335– 370 days, depending on breed Foaling is the term for giving birth The foal will nurse for 3– 6 months The continued growth, training, and development depends heavily on the intended use for the horse Asva. Pozniak/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

The Horse Industry • The most common sectors of the horse industry – Horse showing – Ranch work – Rodeos – Racing – Recreational riding – Other horse employment Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Horse Showing • Competitions to demonstrate horse training and handling skills, as well as the quality of the animals Ken Weinrich/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

English Riding • Dressage and stadium jumping Margo Harrison/i. Stock/Thinkstock; Mikhail Kondrashov/i. Stock/Thinkstock Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Horse Showing • Western riding – Trail riding – Western pleasure – Reining – Working cow horse – Cutting – Barrel racing – Pole bending – Team penning Venessa Nel/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Ranch Work • Horses are still used in cattle operations as an efficient way to gather, sort, and work with cattle • Horses that have been selected for theses traits are called stockhorses Lenice Harms/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Rodeos • A rodeo is a sporting event comprised of events based on ranch skills that cowboys and horses use to work cattle Kobby Dagan/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Racing • Known as the “Sport of Kings” • The Thoroughbred breed is often seen as the ultimate racing horse Neale Cousland/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Equine Assisted Therapy • Programs use equine activities to improve the physical, occupational, or psychological health of the riders Tom Ervin/Getty Images News/Thinkstock Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Guided Riding Experiences • Guided trail rides are available for many people who want to experience riding in a particular location iofoto/Shuttertsock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Other Horse Employment • Police horses • Military cavalry units • Carriage horses veroxdale/Shutterstock. com; Daturra 76/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Anatomy of an Equine • Conformation is the correctness of bone structure, musculature, and body proportions Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Equine Digestion • Equines are modified monogastric – They have a stomach with a single compartment, but also have a special compartment in their intestines called the cecum Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Maintaining Herd Health • Maintain immunizations • Establish a pest management plan to reduce insects • Deworm regularly pirita/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Maintaining Herd Health • Watch for signs of colic and seek veterinarian care if needed • Ensure horses are fed clean, high-quality feed • Maintain health records and vaccinations for traveling 135 pixels/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Leg Conformation • No hoof, no horse Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Hoof Composition • • Sole White line Frog Bars Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Hoof Composition • Sole—the bottom of a horse’s hoof • White line—the point at which the outer layer of the hoof attaches to the outer wall of the hoof Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Hoof Composition • Frog—triangular area in the middle of a horse’s sole that helps circulate blood in the foot and from the bottom of the leg to the heart Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Hoof Composition • Bars—depressions in the sole which provide stability for the walls, and allow the frog to expand as the hoof impacts the ground Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Hoof Maintenance • Trimmed and reshod every 6 to 8 weeks • Cleaned every time you groom your horse • Proper hoof moisture should be maintained to prevent cracking or fungal growth Olga_i/Shutterstock. com; Asva. Pozniak/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Horse Behavior • Approach horses with a slow and consistent speed • Work with horses from an early age • Use a quick release knot when tying your horse • Horses have a “fight or flight” instinct • Horses have blind spots • Horses kick Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Wild Horses and Burros • Wild horses in the United States are descendants of animals that escaped from Spanish explorers in the early 15 th century • Not classified as wild, but as feral animals NIKKOS DASKALAKIS/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Types of Equines • Equus Asinus—Long-eared breeds – Asses and donkeys • Equus Caballus – Pony—under 14. 2 hands and weighs less that 900 pounds – Light—between 14– 16 hands and weight between 900 and 1400 pounds – Draft—between 16– 18 hands and can weigh up to 2000 pounds Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Equus Asinus • American Mammoth Jack • Miniature Donkey kubais/Shutterstock. com (top); Dennis W. Donohue/Shutterstock. com (bottom) Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Equus Asinus • Spotted Ass • Standard Donkey or Burro Critter Haven Pandemonium, photo provided courtesy of Diane Hildebrand/Critter Haven Farms (top); Drago. Nika/Shutterstock. com (bottom) Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Pony Breeds • American Miniature Horse • Shetland Vera Zinkova/Shutterstock. com (top); Vera Zinkova/Shutterstock. com (bottom) Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Pony Breeds • Pony of the Americas (POA) Photo courtesy of Pony of the Americas Club, Inc. /Impulse Photography Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Light Horse Breeds • American Mustang Dennins W. Donohue/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Light Horse Breeds • American Paint Horse Courtesy of APHA/Paint Horse Journal Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Light Horse Breeds • American Quarter Horse Telasecret, AQHA World Champion Producer, Courtesy Clark Rassi Quarter Horses Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Light Horse Breeds • Appaloosa Darrell Dodds courtesy of the Appaloosa Horse Club Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Light Horse Breeds • Arabian Original breed standard painting by Gladys Brown Edwards; used with permission by Arabian Horse Association Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Light Horse Breeds • Missouri Fox Trotter Sunrise Tradition, Courtesy of P Bar T Fox Trotters, Independence, MN Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Light Horse Breeds • Morgan Breed standard painting courtesy of the American Morgan Horse Association/Jeanne Mellin Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Light Horse Breeds • Thoroughbred Courtesy of The Jockey Club/Susan Martin Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Warmbloods • Trakehner dien/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Warmbloods • Hanoverian Abramova Kseniya/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Warmbloods • Dutch Warmblood Eric Isselee/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Draft Breeds • Belgian Hyjak Legacy Lady - Hyjak Legacy’s Supreme Lady, M 124671, Registered Belgian mare shown by Oak Haven Belfians, DOB: 3/10/2001 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Draft Breeds • Clydesdale Muskoka Stock Photos/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Draft Breeds • Percheron On Behalf of Horse Photos Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Draft Breeds • Shire 2014 National Grand Champion Shire Mare, courtesy of Jenson Shires, Blair, NE Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.