Lesson 10 1 Beef Industry Lesson Outcomes Understand

Lesson 10. 1 Beef Industry

Lesson Outcomes • Understand the size and the scope of the beef industry • Understand common terminology of the beef industry • Identify major cuts of beef American Hereford Association Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Lesson Outcomes • Describe the components of the beef industry • Understand commonly used production systems in the beef industry • Describe different breeds of beef cattle in the United States American Hereford Association Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Beef Industry in the United States • According to the USDA – The beef cattle industry generates $44 billion in economic impact – There approximately 87. 7 million head of cattle in our country Santa Gertrudis Breeders International, Kingsville, Texas Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Beef Industry in the United States • US Beef Exports – In 2014, the US beef industry exported 5. 6 billion pounds of beef – In 2013, the average person spent $288. 17 on beef in the United States El Nariz/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Common Beef Cattle Terms • • • Calf—term to describe young Bull—young and mature male Steer—castrated male Heifer—young female Cow—mature female Calving—the act of giving birth in cattle Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Top States in Beef Cattle Production Mirec/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Production Cycle Cow Mating with bull or through A. I. Gestation 279– 290 days Calving Birth Suckling for up to 6 months Distribution Weaning Further processing By-products to rendering plant Seedstock Processing and packaging Finishing begins Harvest at 16– 30 months Distribution Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Cow-Calf Operations • Most beef cattle are born on cow-calf operations • Cows are bred each year to produce calves for market Red Angus Association Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Stocker Operations • Calves are brought here after weaning • Cattle are allowed to graze until 12– 18 months • Taken to a feedlot for 4– 6 months sw_photo/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Feedlot Operations • Large numbers of cattle are grouped based on size, genetics, and consistency • They are fed high-grain diets with roughage (hay) to increase fat deposition, which increase the quality of beef Santa Gertrudis Breeders International, Kingsville, Texas Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Seedstock Operations • Raise cattle that are typically registered with a breed association • May be referred to as purebred breeders Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Associations • Each breed has an association for the producers that raise that breed • The National Cattleman’s Beef Association (NCBA) is an organization that promotes the beef industry in the United States V 8 Ranch, Wharton, TX; American Braham Breeders Association Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Commercial Operations Maria Jeffs/Shutterstock. com • Cattle are typically crossbred (composed of two or more breeds) • The goal of commercial operations is to produce cattle to sell to stocker operations and feedlots to produce beef Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Anatomy of Beef Cattle • Beef cattle are ruminants – Their stomach is divided into four compartments TAMU Livestock Judgling Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Anatomy of Beef Cattle TAMU Livestock Judgling Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Herd Behavior • Cattle stay together in groups called herds • Each animal will imitate the behavior of the other animals in the herd • The social structure of the herd changes each time the herd changes American Hereford Association Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Maintaining Herd Health • Establish a herd health program • Have good relationship with a veterinarian • Purchase replacement cattle from reputable breeders Elgin Veterinary Hospital, Bovine Division, Elgin, Texas Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Maintaining Herd Health • Observe new animals for possible disease and parasites • Maintain clear, complete, and accurate records • Monitor cows and heifers during calving to minimize loss David. Young/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Handling Cattle • Cattle should be selected for their intended use • Maintain human contact with the herd to make it easier to handle the cattle • Break young calves to lead at an early age if they are going to be exhibited Margo Harrison/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Handling Cattle • Maintain correct ratios of bulls to cows for breeding purposes • Provide access to clean water and shelter during harsh conditions • Use safe actions when working around cattle symbiot/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Cuts of Beef TAMU Livestock Judging Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Breeds of Beef Cattle • Bos Taurus – Describes the breeds that originated in Europe • Bos Indicus – Describes the breed that originated from more tropical countries Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Taurus • Angus American Angus Association Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Taurus • Charolais Thomas Ranch, Harrold, South Dakota Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Taurus • Chianina American Chianina Association Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Taurus • Gelbvieh Photos provided by the American Gelbvieh Association Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Taurus • Hereford/Polled Hereford Provided by American Hereford Association Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Taurus • Limousin North American Limousin Foundation Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Taurus • Maine Anjou BOSS Beauty 84 M (top); DMCC Limited Edition (bottom) Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Taurus • Red Angus Association of America Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Taurus • Shorthorn V 8 Ranch, Wharton, TX Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Taurus • Simmental Photos courtesy of the American Simmental Association, www. simmental. org Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Taurus • Texas Longhorn Courtesy of the Texas Longhorn Breeders Association of America and Star Creek Ranch Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Indicus • Beefmaster Emmons Ranch Beefmasters Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Indicus • Braford Courtesy of the United Braford Breeders, Inc Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Indicus • Brangus • Red Brangus Diamond K Ranch, Hempstead, TX Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Indicus • Braham V 8 Ranch, Wharton, TX; American Braham Breeders Association Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Indicus • Simbrah La Muneca Ranch, Linn, TX Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.

Bos Indicus • Santa Gertrudis Breeders International, Kingsville, Texas Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.