Lesson 1 4 Sources of Errors in Sampling

Lesson 1 - 4 Sources of Errors in Sampling

Objectives • Understand how error can be introduced during sampling

Vocabulary • Nonsampling errors – errors that result from the survey process. Can be due to nonresponse of individuals selected, inaccurate responses, poorly worded questions, etc • Bias – nonsampling error introduced by giving preference to selecting some individuals over others, by giving preference to some answers by wording the questions a particular way, etc • Sampling errors – error that results from using sampling to estimate information regarding a population. Occurs because a sample gives incomplete information about the population

Sources of Nonsampling Error • Incomplete Frame • Nonresponse • Data Collection errors – Interviewer error – Misrepresented answers – Data-entry (input) errors • Questionnaire Design – – Poorly worded questions Inflammatory words Question order Response order

Errors in Sampling Error Non sampling Error Designer sample gives incomplete information about the population Subject Nonresponse Misrepresented answers Incomplete Frame Questionnaire Design Poorly worded questions Inflammatory words Question order Response order Sampling Process Iceberg Interviewer errors Collection Execution Data-entry (input) errors Analysis Process

Four basic sampling techniques • Simple random sampling (SRS) • Stratified sampling – Some of all • Cluster sampling – All of some • Systematic sampling

Summary and Homework • Summary – Stratified and cluster sampling are different – Convenience sampling results are generally suspect • Homework – pg 37 -39: 11 -22 (all), 24, 25