LEPTOSPIROSIS LEPTOSPIROSIS Other names Red water Hemoglobinuria Jaundice
LEPTOSPIROSIS
LEPTOSPIROSIS Other names: Red water Hemoglobinuria Jaundice
DEFINITION Leptospirosis is a subclinical to an acute infectious disease affecting animals and humans caused by Leptospira spp. Characterized by fever, hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria, bloody milk and abortion
LEPTOSPIRA INTERROGANS Different serotypes: L. pomona L. canicola L. icterohemorrhagia L. gripotyphosa L. hardjo
EPIDEMIOLOGY Distribution: Widely reported in Europe, North America, South East Asia. Reported in Egypt.
TRANSMISSION AND MODE OF INFECTION Sources q q of infection: Urine Aborted fetus Uterine discharges Semen
MODE OF TRANSMISSION Ingestion Abraded skin Venereal transmission may occur.
SUSCEPTIBLE ANIMALS Wide range of species: Cattle Sheep Goat Dog Horse Pig Humans
E. VALUE Abortion. Infertility cases. Decrease productivity Mastitis Cost of treatment. Death of animal
PATHOGENESIS After invasion…. . . hematogenous dissemination with localization and proliferation in parynchematous organs such as liver and kidney. Localization in the liver leading to subserous and sub mucosal hemorrhage. Kidney leading to nephrosis and uremia
CLINICAL SIGNS IP: 5 -7 days Morbidity: 50% Mortality rate: low around 5% There are 2 main forms of signs:
CLINICAL SIGNS CONT. , A- Acute bovine Leptospirosis (young animals) Septicaemia with pyrexia Anorexia Acute haemolytic anaemia Hemoglobinuria Jaundice In dairy animals: Thick milk like colostrum Tinged with red yellow coloration All four quarters are affected There is no inflammation…. . flaccid udder
B- Chronic from: 3 month after infection Seen in pregnant animals Abortion Stillbirth Premature live birth Sheep and goats: the same Horse: the same with periodic ophthalmia Abortion from 7 -10 m
DIAGNOSIS Case history …. Clinical signs…… DD Other diseases causing abortion Other diseases having hemoglobinuria.
PREVENTION AND CONTROL Vaccine Multivalent bacterin cows are given 2 ml s/c……annual booster dose Not well effective Treatment Streptomycin 25 mg/kg B. W. IM for 5 days
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