Leishmania major Leishmania tropica Leishmania aethiopica Transmission The
- Slides: 14
• Leishmania major • Leishmania tropica • Leishmania aethiopica
Transmission The sandfly (Phlebotomus) The sandfly is about 3 mm long.
Sign of Infection Recent Sandfly Bites? ? Small, red sore/papule? ? “Sufferin’ succotash. I’ve been sabotaged!!” Leishmania
Infection Worsens Cutaneous Mucocutaneou s Cutaneous Scars Jeepers!!!
Where Is Leishmania Located? major: Dark Maroon tropica: Pink aethiopica: Yellow • Africa • Urban Middle East • Ethiopia • Middle East • India • Kenya • Soviet Asia
Leishmania major • Cutaneous Leishmaniasis • Found in sparsely inhabited regions. • Papule ulcerates quickly, has a short duration, contains few amasigotes • Most likely type to be found in canines
Leishmania tropica • Cutaneous Leishmaniasis • Found in more densely populated areas • It’s lesion is dry • Persist’s for month’s before ulcerating • Contains many amistigotes
Leishmania aethiopica • Old World Leishmania • Cutaneous Leishmaniasis • Kenya, Ethiopia
Prevention Preventing sandfly bites Permethrin Aerosol Citronella Lotion Deet • Insect repellent • appropriate clothing • screening of windows • fine mesh netting around the bed Public health measures to reduce sandfly population “Varmint, I'm a-gonna blow you to smithereens!”
Most cases heal without treatment, leaving the person immune to further infection. Resistance to drugs has been reported More toxic drugs—amphotericin Require long treatment regimes Becoming more ineffective Impossible to control with single approach or tool. Control depends on early detection and drug treatment Mass vaccinations with controlled infections showed promising results…programs ended when it was discovered that parasites persisted in immune hosts. Research is being done on mice for Leishmania major…. influenced by another gene, Scl-1…controls healer and nonhealer phenotypes.
• Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is often confused with Leprosy • Leishmaniasis affects 88 countries worldwide • There are 23 species of Leishmania • Leishmaniasis is responsible for more than 80, 000 deaths annually • Males are more commonly infected
