Lecture2 Operators and Conditionals Variablesagain n n Type

Lecture-2 Operators and Conditionals

Variables(again? ? ? ) n n Type: Representation of “bits” in memory Variables: Name for a memory object. Starts with letters, and may contain letters, numerals and underscores Declaration: Start of program block. Combination of type and variable Assignment: Value for the variable

Example type name int a, b; /* Declaration */ int a = 9; /* Decl. with Initial Value */ b = 2; /* Assignment/Definition */

scanf() Function n Input to the program can be done through scanf() function Format is same as printf(), except for variable used is attached an “&” For e. g. scanf(“%d”, &i);

Arithmetic Operators + Addition - Subtraction * Multiplication / Division % Remainder unary + unary - Negate

test 1. c Follow this link to test 1. c on the class web page

Math Library(math. h) cos(x) sin(x) tan(x) cos x sin x tan x pow(x, y) xy sqrt(x) exp(x) log(x) Square root of x x ln x Note: For Trigonometric functions, angles are in radians

hypot. c Follow this link to hypot. c on the class web page

In class Exercise -1 Write a program to calculate the Area of a triangle. • Prompt the user to enter base and height • Use “float” variables

Conditional Statements(if-else) n n if (expression) statement: Execute the statement if the expression is true if (expression) statement-1 else statement-2 Execute statement-1 if expression is true, else execute statement-2

Relational Operators Relational operators return 1 if the condition is true, and 0 if the condition is false. They are used in expressions for conditionals == != > < >= <= Equals Not equal to Greater than Less than Greater than or equal Less than or equal

Logical Operators n n n ! operator: !(expression) inverts the value of the expression. For example: !0=1, !2. 0=0 && operator: expression 1 && expression 2 is true if and only if both expressions are true || operator: expression 1 || expression 2 is true if any one expression is true

grader. c Follow this link to grader. c on the class web page

Switch-case statement Switch (expression) { case value 1: statements 1; break; case value 2: statements 2; break; default: default statements; break; } Expression is an integer expression, and are matched against Case values which also must be integers!

calculator. c Follow this link to calculator. c on the class webpage

In class Exercise - 2 Modify the calculator. c program for floating point variables. You should support all the operations as the original program. Your program should print out an error message incase of “divide by zero” error, and exit gracefully.

Homework-2 Follow this link to Homework-2 on the class webpage