Lecture Overview Understanding Stress Stress Illness Health Psychology

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Lecture Overview • Understanding Stress • Stress & Illness • Health Psychology in Action

Lecture Overview • Understanding Stress • Stress & Illness • Health Psychology in Action • Health & Stress Management ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress • What is Stress? – Nonspecific response of the body to any

Understanding Stress • What is Stress? – Nonspecific response of the body to any demand made on it; – the arousal, both physical & mental, to situations or events that we perceive as threatening or challenging ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Life Changes: life events that require some

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Life Changes: life events that require some adjustment in behavior or lifestyle ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Chronic Stress: state of ongoing arousal in

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Chronic Stress: state of ongoing arousal in which the parasympathetic system cannot activate the relaxation response ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Job Stress: work related stress, including role

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Job Stress: work related stress, including role conflict and burnout ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Job Stress – Role conflict = Forced

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Job Stress – Role conflict = Forced choice between two or more different & incompatible role demands ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Job Stress – Burnout = state of

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Job Stress – Burnout = state of psychological & physical exhaustion resulting from chronic exposure to high levels of stress & little personal control ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Hassles: small, everyday problems that accumulate to

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Hassles: small, everyday problems that accumulate to become a major source of stress ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Pause & Reflect: Psychology at Work ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Pause & Reflect: Psychology at Work ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) Frustration: unpleasant tension resulting from a blocked goal

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) Frustration: unpleasant tension resulting from a blocked goal Conflict: forced choice between two or more incompatible goals or impulses ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) § Three Types of Conflict • Approach-Approach: forced

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) § Three Types of Conflict • Approach-Approach: forced choice between two or more desirable alternatives • Avoidance-Avoidance: forced choice between two or more undesirable alternatives • Approach-Avoidance: forced choice between two or more alternatives both having desirable & undesirable results ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Cataclysmic Events: stressors that occur suddenly &

Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) • Cataclysmic Events: stressors that occur suddenly & generally affect many people simultaneously ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Learned Helplessness • Dogs that could • They both received control shocks (turn the

Learned Helplessness • Dogs that could • They both received control shocks (turn the same number of off by pressing a bar) shocks. developed fewer ulcers than dogs that had no control. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: • SAM System (Sympatho-Adreno-Medullary): initial, fast-acting stress response • HPA Axis (Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical):

Understanding Stress: • SAM System (Sympatho-Adreno-Medullary): initial, fast-acting stress response • HPA Axis (Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical): Body’s delayed stress response, which if extended may lead to impairment of the immune system and increased vulnerability to disease ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Effects of Stress HPA Axis SAM System ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Understanding Stress: Effects of Stress HPA Axis SAM System ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

HPA axis • CRF • ACTH • Cortisol ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

HPA axis • CRF • ACTH • Cortisol ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Effects of Stress (Continued) • Stress & Cognitive Functioning: Stress can interfere

Understanding Stress: Effects of Stress (Continued) • Stress & Cognitive Functioning: Stress can interfere with retrieval of memories, laying down of new memories, & general information processing. • Stress affects the hippocampus ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Understanding Stress: Effects of Stress (Continued) • Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome 1. Alarm 2.

Understanding Stress: Effects of Stress (Continued) • Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome 1. Alarm 2. Resistance 3. Exhaustion ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Stress & Illness Cancer: related to genetic predisposition & environmental factors Cardiovascular Disorders: related

Stress & Illness Cancer: related to genetic predisposition & environmental factors Cardiovascular Disorders: related to stress hormones, personality types, & certain behaviors **Diathesis model of disease** ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): anxiety disorder following extraordinary stress Gastric Ulcers: caused by bacteria or stress? Or both?

Why don’t zebras get ulcers? • They don’t sweat the • They turn off

Why don’t zebras get ulcers? • They don’t sweat the • They turn off stress small stuff! ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Resources for Healthy Living 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Health & Exercise

Resources for Healthy Living 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Health & Exercise Positive Beliefs Social Skills Social Support Material Resources Control (Internal Locus of Control) Relaxation (meditation: alpha& theta waves) 8. Sense of Humor ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2010

Lecture Overview Understanding Stress Stress Illness Health PsychologyLecture Overview Understanding Stress Stress Illness Health Psychology
ILLNESS AND ILLNESS BEHAVIOUR INTRODUCTION Illness An illnessILLNESS AND ILLNESS BEHAVIOUR INTRODUCTION Illness An illness
Stress Illness CHAPTER 14 Stress Illness Stress theStress Illness CHAPTER 14 Stress Illness Stress the
Health Psychology Stress and Health Health Psychology HealthHealth Psychology Stress and Health Health Psychology Health
STRESS stress aghh stress stress stress Stressors thingsSTRESS stress aghh stress stress stress Stressors things
Mental Illness Mental Illness Also called emotional illnessMental Illness Mental Illness Also called emotional illness
Mental Illness What is mental illness Mental illnessMental Illness What is mental illness Mental illness
Health Psychology Psychology of health and illness HowHealth Psychology Psychology of health and illness How
Health Health Health Health Health Health Health HealthHealth Health Health Health Health Health Health Health
Understanding Psychology Medical Psychology Understanding Psychology The CognitionUnderstanding Psychology Medical Psychology Understanding Psychology The Cognition
Health Psychology Stress Stress Stressors Stress negative emotionalHealth Psychology Stress Stress Stressors Stress negative emotional
Chapter three Stress and Health Psychology Understanding stressChapter three Stress and Health Psychology Understanding stress
Chapter three Stress and Health Psychology Understanding stressChapter three Stress and Health Psychology Understanding stress
CHAPTER 3 Stress and Health Psychology Understanding StressCHAPTER 3 Stress and Health Psychology Understanding Stress
Chapter 14 Stress and Illness Stress and HealthChapter 14 Stress and Illness Stress and Health
Stress Reduction Stress An Overview Overview Stress isStress Reduction Stress An Overview Overview Stress is
Psychology 1504 Positive Psychology Psychology 1504 Positive PsychologyPsychology 1504 Positive Psychology Psychology 1504 Positive Psychology
Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview RockOverview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Rock
Chapter 11 STRESS Stress In psychology stress isChapter 11 STRESS Stress In psychology stress is
STRESS AND STRESS DISORDERS Stress and stress disordersSTRESS AND STRESS DISORDERS Stress and stress disorders
Stress Tension Stress Compression Stress Shear Stress TorsionStress Tension Stress Compression Stress Shear Stress Torsion
STRESS Stress n What is Stress Stress isSTRESS Stress n What is Stress Stress is