Lecture Basic Cinematography The art of telling a

Lecture: Basic Cinematography The art of telling a story trough the camera lens

Lecture: Basic Cinematography (from Greek: kinesis (movement) and grapho (to record)), is the discipline of making lighting and camera choices when recording photographic images for the cinema. Source: http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cinematography

Lecture: Basic Cinematography In this unit, you will learn: 1. Framing & Composition 2. Lighting 3. Story boarding 4. Camera shots Design sketch and render extracted from Start Your Engines, Copyright to Scott Robertson

Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography Framing What the audience sees in the viewable space.

Framing, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography Why must we care about Framing? Each visual scene is made up of: Props (stationary or movable objects), Characters (main subject or passer-by), and Lighting condition

Framing, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography Why must we care about Framing? All scenes are in frames – rectangular shapes. We only have limited visual spaces to tell a story.

Framing, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography Aspect Ratio The aspect ratio of an image is its width divided by its height. Still Photography: 4: 3 and 3: 2, 5: 4, 7: 5, and 1: 1 Movie theatre: 1. 85: 1 and 2. 39: 1 Video/TV: 4: 3 (standard) and 16: 9 (European digital & HD tv)

Lecture: Basic Cinematography How would you represent the 3 D space in a 2 D Frame?

3 D on 2 D, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography A frame can be divided into foreground, mid-ground, and background.

3 D on 2 D, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography This division of grounds is applicable to any project that requires scene-setting. background Mid ground Foreground Storyboarding Workshop @TKSS A screen capture of the Flash game From Orisinal on the internet.

3 D on 2 D, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography The division of the grounds need not be of equal proportions. background Mid ground Foreground, mid-ground and background, together with foreshortening, is the most frequently used approach in depicting 3 D scene on a 2 D plane. Foreground ART BY GAVINA (Art Deco style poster. )

3 D on 2 D, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography 2 -point Perspective Light and shade 1 -point Perspective

3 D on 2 D, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography As the top edges turn away from you, they appear to have shorter width. 2 -point Perspective Light and shade The further away the object is from you, the smaller it seems become. 1 -point to Perspective

3 D on 2 D, Scene-setting Systematic way of presenting foreshortening phenomena: Lecture: Perspective Basic Cinematography One-point 2 -point Perspective Photographed by Christia Chua Light and shade 1 -point Perspective Photographed by Christia Chua

3 D on 2 D, Scene-setting Systematic way of presenting foreshortening phenomena: Two-point Lecture: Perspective Basic Cinematography 2 -point Perspective 1 -point Perspective Photographed by Christia Chua

3 D on 2 D, Scene-setting, Storyboarding 1 -2 -3 Lecture: Basic Cinematography Light and shade Light source Lightest Darkest Medium

3 D on 2 D, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography Overlapping • Create a sense of depth • Create interesting composition. C A B C B D A D

3 D on 2 D, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography Example of using Overlapping Storyboarding Workshop @TKSS

Composition, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography There are some rules you can apply to help you with composition within a frame. B A If whole width = A Then B = A 1. 618 Rules of Thirds Golden Section: Aesthetically pleasing division of the spaces in the frame.

Composition, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography Rules of thirds

3 D on 2 D, Scene-setting Golden Section Lecture: Basic Cinematography

Composition, Scene-setting Golden section Lecture: Basic Cinematography

Composition, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography Head Room A good guide to achieve adequate head room is to align the eyes of your character to the top 1/3 line.

Composition, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography Lead Room Generally we want 1/2 to 2/3 lead room in front of character. This allows the audience to know where the character is moving towards. Not enough lead room will create uncomfortable and tense image. The amount of lead room not only affects aesthetics, it affects the mood.

Composition, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography

Composition, Scene-setting Lecture: Basic Cinematography Lead Room + Head Room

Lecture: Basic Cinematography In summary, we have learnt: – Framing & Composition rules: – Foreground, Background, Middleground, – Fore-shortening, Perspective, Shading, Overlaps – Rules of Thirds, Golden Section, head room, lead room

Lecture: Basic Cinematography Lighting types of lights and their effects to the rendered frame

Lecture: Basic Cinematography • Homework for next week’s tutorial: Research to find out what is meant by the following lighting conditions: – – Key Light, Fill Light, Back Light Ambient Light, Reflected Light Area Light, Directional Light, Point (Omni) Light, Spot Light Present in the next tutorial, showing examples of each.