Lecture 8 FINISHING EQUIPMENT GRADER TSP308 MPK Ferdinand

Lecture 8 FINISHING EQUIPMENT: GRADER TSP-308 MPK Ferdinand Fassa

OUTLINE 1. Introduction 2. Grader Operations 3. Time Estimates

1. INTRODUCTION Grader are multipurpose machines used for finishing & shaping On many projects, graders are used as the finishing machines include but not limited to: Graders Gradall Trimers

1. INTRODUCTION (2) Graders are multipurpose machines used for: Finishing Shaping bank Sloping Ditching Grader’s primary purpose is cutting and moving material with a blade, known as moldboard

1. INTRODUCTION (3) FUNCTION To provide (shape) of soil surface to the desired grade

1. INTRODUCTION (4) Comparison with Dozer • A grader is restricted to making shallow cuts in medium-hard materials • A grader should not be used for heavy excavations • A grader can move small amounts of material • A grader are capable of progressively cutting ditches to a depth of 3 ft.

1. INTRODUCTION (6) Components of Grader • Moldboard (blade) • Scarifier • Light rear-mounted ripper

1. INTRODUCTION (7)

Moldboard Blade

Moldboard Commonly referred to as blade The moldboard is used to side cast the material it encounters The moldboard can be positioned at almost any angle

12 ARTICULATED GRADER POSITIONS

BLADE MECHANISM

MOTOR GRADER APPLICATIONS

2. GRADER OPERATIONS a. Planning Surface, used to plane or smooth off cut or fill surface b. Ditch Cuts c. Haul-road Maintenance d. Spreading, often used to spread and mix dumped load

3. TIME ESTIMATES

3. TIME ESTIMATES (2)

3. TIME ESTIMATES (3) Step 1. Number of passes Ditching 6 passes Reshaping 9 passes Final Grading 4 passes

3. TIME ESTIMATES (4) Step 2. Distance Grading 4 miles Step 3. Speed 1 st 2. 3 mph 2 nd 3. 1 mph 3 rd 4. 5 mph

3. TIME ESTIMATES (5) Step 4. Eff. Factor 50 min per hour Or 0. 83 eff. Factor

3. TIME ESTIMATES (6)

3. TIME ESTIMATES (8)

3. TIME ESTIMATES (9) Step 5. Total Time to ditch 12. 6 hr Time to reshape 14. 0 hr Final grading 04. 3 hr Total time 30. 9 hr

3. TIME ESTIMATES (10) Production Eff. Width per pass is 9 ft, Speed 3. 5 Eff. Factor 0. 6 Production = 11. 088 sy/hr

27 ESTIMATING PRODUCTION

GRADING EXAMPLE 15. 0 miles of gravel road requires reshaping & leveling. Six passes of a motor grader will be required. Job efficiency is 0. 80 29 Based on operator skill, machine characteristics and job characteristics, you estimate TWO PASSES at 4 mi/h, TWO PASSES at 5 mi/h, and two passes at 6 mi/h for this job.

GRADALL The Gradall is a utility machine which combines the operating features of the hoe, dragline and motor grader.

TRIMMERS Trimmers are specialty machines to fine finishing for special jobs The result is better accuracy and greater production compared to the fine-grading with a grader

GROUP WORK 1. Trimmer operation & safety 2. Grader operation & safety Submit on DOC and PPT, monday at 10. 00 am A 4 TNR 5 -7 pages 1. 15 Margin normal, justify

GROUP WORK • Fixed/Statis Crane operation & safety • Mobile Crane operation & Safety Submit on DOC and PPT, friday at 02. 00 pm A 4 TNR 5 -7 pages 1. 15 Margin normal, justify

Next Lecture 9 CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT AND METHODS