Lecture 26 Very Early Universe ASTR 340 Fall

Lecture 26 Very Early Universe ASTR 340 Fall 2006 Dennis Papadopoulos

Current Status of Cosmology

Inflation started at 10 -34 seconds and during the next 10 -37 seconds the Universe expanded by a factor 1050 Why we need inflation?

Problems with Standard Model

Flatness

Horizon Problem

Structure Problem

Structure Problem

The Relic Problem

The Relic Problem

The Antimatter Problem

Forces Range and Strength

Exchange Particle Forces Virtual Particles Mediate Force Pi-meson m=10 -28 kg

Two electrons colliding exchange photons Neutron decay mediated by a vector boson W-

Four known forces in universe: Strong Force Electromagnetism Weak Force Gravity

Do forces unify at high temperatures? Four known forces in universe: Strong Force Electromagnetism Weak Force Gravity

Do forces unify at high temperatures? Four known forces in universe: Strong Force Electromagnetism Weak Force Gravity Yes! (Electroweak)

Do forces unify at high temperatures? Four known forces in universe: Strong Force Electromagnetism Weak Force Gravity Yes! (Electroweak) Maybe (GUT)

Do forces unify at high temperatures? Four known forces in universe: Strong Force Electromagnetism Weak Force Gravity Yes! (Electroweak) Maybe (GUT) Who knows? (String Theory)

Universe Timeline

Creation of Matter

Forces

Cosmology in Crisis

The Future?

Planck Era Before Planck time (~10 -43 sec) No theory of quantum gravity

Need for a Beginning