Lecture 18 ATHENA epithets major myths Pallas Athena

Lecture 18 ATHENA

epithets major myths Pallas Athena (“Shaker”) Parthenos (Virgin) birth from head of Zeus founding of Athens weaving contest vs. Arachne inventions support for heroes city goddess practical intelligence (mêtis) crafts (tekhnê) functions contrast with Poseidon: tekhnê vs. anangkê, mêtis vs. bia chariot, bridle, ship, Trojan Horse Parthenon wool-working, weaving, pottery, carpentry, horsemanship, cultivation of olive

Athenian akropolis

WEST PEDIMENT Athena vs. Poseidon WEST METOPES Greeks (M) vs. Amazons (F) EAST PEDIMENT Birth of Athena EAST METOPES Olympians vs. Giants NORTH METOPES Lapiths vs. Centaurs SOUTH METOPES Greeks vs. Trojans

Erechtheon

authochthony + natural birth Birth from One mobility problems (lameness, snake-legs) fertility problems (failure to reproduce) Birth from Two problem of incest Birth from Three! Gaea (1) and Hephaestus + Athena (2)

ARRHEPHORIA 3 Skirophorion (May/June) Two girls aged 7 serve on Akropolis for one year, tending olive tree and weaving new peplos. In Arrhephoria (“Mystery Carriers” or “Dew Carriers”) ritual, each carries bundle; contents unknown. Underground passageway connecting Erechtheon and Parthenon to sanctuary of Aphrodite on north slope of Akropolis Arrhephoroi leave bundles and receive two other bundles, which they carry back up to Parthenon. Arrhephoroi immediately discharged from service.

CECROPS ___________ AGLAUROS HERSE PANDROSUS (dew) (dewy)

Aglauros & Athena Aglauros Athena, Pandrosus, Herse,

Athena daughters of Kekrops Erichthonius priestess Athena arrhephoroi opened chest unopened bundle Aphrodite ? ? ?

Athena & Pandrosus