Lecture 15 Expressing Likes and Dislikes Review of

Lecture 15 Expressing Likes and Dislikes

Review of Lecture 14 • In lecture 14, we learnt how to – Differentiate between fiction and nonfiction – Analyze paragraph structure – Summarize paragraphs – Summarize essays and articles

Objectives of Lecture 15 • After completing lecture 15, you should be able to – Use gerunds and infinitives – Express likes and dislikes – Give preferences – Show indifference

Gerunds and Infinitives • A gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding "-ing. " The gerund form of the verb "read" is "reading. " You can use a gerund as the subject or the object of a sentence. – Reading helps you learn English. [SUBJECT OF SENTENCE] – I enjoy reading. [OBJECT OF SENTENCE] • Infinitives are the "to" form of the verb. The infinitive form of "learn" is "to learn. " You can also use an infinitive as the subject or the object of a sentence. – To learn is important. [SUBJECT OF SENTENCE] – He wants to learn. [OBJECT OF SENTENCE]

Using Gerunds and Infinitives • We use gerunds (verb + ing): – After certain verbs - I enjoy singing • enjoy, fancy, go, keep, suggest, avoid, recommend, etc. – After prepositions - I drank a cup of coffee before leaving – As the subject or object of a sentence - Swimming is good exercise • We use infinitives (to + verb): – After certain verbs - We decided to leave • agree, decide, hope, learn, would like, offer, wait, etc. – After many adjectives - It's difficult to get up early – To show purpose - I came to London to study English

Gerund or Infinitive 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. I don’t fancy (go out) tonight. going out She avoided (tell) him about her plans. telling I would like (attend) the party. to attend I dislike (wait) for the train. waiting He hopes (win) the match. to win I would love (come). to come I would prefer (help) him. to help Do you mind (turn off) the TV? turning off I’m planning (buy) a new mobile. to buy 10. Do you enjoy (watch) English movies? watching

Gerund or Infinitive Change in Meaning • Some verbs may follow a gerund or infinitive depending on the meaning: A. “He stopped smoking. ” B. “He stopped to smoke. ” A. “He remembered calling his friend. ” B. “He remembered to call his friend. ” A. “He tried closing the window. ” B. “He tried to close the window. ”

Expressing Likes • • I love …. I like …. I enjoy …. I’m crazy about …. I’m keen on …. I’m fond of …. … is my favourite … feels / sounds / looks good

Expressing Dislikes • • • I hate …. I don’t like …. I can’t stand …. I can’t bear …. I’m sick of …. I’m tired of …. … drives me crazy … annoys me … really bugs me … makes me mad / angry

Likes or Dislikes 1. I … eating Pizza on Saturdays. 2. My sister … tidying her room. 3. She … making dinner on Mondays. 4. Arthur … playing rugby with his friends. 5. My aunt … driving at night. 6. Your brothers … sleeping in the tent. 7. Those children … listening to the radio. 8. These men … working on Sundays. 9. My niece … reading adventure books. 10. Your father's friends. . . driving their cars when it is raining.

Dialogue 1 Fatima: Do you like playing badminton? Rida: Yes, I love it. What about you? Fatima: Oh, I don’t like playing it but I love watching it on TV. Rida: What else do you like to do in your free time? Fatima: Well, I’m fond of learning languages. I also enjoy cooking and gardening. Rida: Gardening? I can’t stand it.

Expressing Preferences • prefer + gerund – I prefer living in the city to living in the country. • would prefer + infinitive – I would prefer to meet him today. – Would you prefer to stay at home or go out? – I would prefer going out to staying at home. • would rather + bare infinitive – Would you rather play cricket? – I would rather go alone. – I would rather talk to him in person than call him on the phone.

Dialogue 2 Ali: Hi Sajid, Do you like cricket? Sajid: To be honest, I don’t really like it. I prefer football. Do you like it? Ali: Yes, I do. But I would rather watch it on TV than play it. Sajid: Oh, I enjoy playing it. In fact, I’m just going out to play right now. Would you like to join me? Ali: Oh, I’d love to watch your game but I can’t play. Sajid: As you like!

Expressing Indifference • • I don’t mind It doesn’t bother me It’s all the same to me It makes no difference to me It doesn’t matter to me I don’t care I couldn’t care less

Dialogue 3 Kiran: What should we cook today? Faisal: Whatever you like. It doesn’t matter to me. Kiran: How about chicken pulao? You love it, don’t you? Faisal: You know it’s my favorite. Let’s eat out today. Kiran: I’d rather cook it at home. I really don’t like it from the food street.

Summary of Lecture 15 • In lecture 15, you learnt how to – Use gerunds and infinitives – Express likes and dislikes – Give preferences – Show indifference