Lecture 12 Internet Protocols IPv 4 versus IPv

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Lecture 12 Internet Protocols IPv 4 versus IPv 6 l UDP l TCP l

Lecture 12 Internet Protocols IPv 4 versus IPv 6 l UDP l TCP l Internet resource allocation and Qo. S 1

Projects and midterm Progress report Monday February 25, 8 AM from all individuals or

Projects and midterm Progress report Monday February 25, 8 AM from all individuals or groups. Hard Deadline!! Midterm: Tuesday, February 26, 7 -7: 30 PM. Material – Chapters 1, 2, and 4 including today’s lecture. l Open book. l 3 questions: 30 minutes l 2

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IPv 4 4

IPv 4 4

IPv 6 5

IPv 6 5

UDP 6

UDP 6

TCP Supports: l Error control. For each segment: Sequence numbers. l Acknowledgment. l Timeout

TCP Supports: l Error control. For each segment: Sequence numbers. l Acknowledgment. l Timeout l Example – stop and wait protocol. Very inefficient. l Window based l Flow Control l Congestion Control l 7

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TCP 9

TCP 9

TCP 1 bit flags ACK – when set the ack value is valid SYN,

TCP 1 bit flags ACK – when set the ack value is valid SYN, RST, FIN – used for connection establishment and tear-down PUSH – data should be passed to the upper layer immediately. URG – there is urgent information in the data 10

Data streaming. MSS- maximum segment size 11

Data streaming. MSS- maximum segment size 11

TCP flow control window 12

TCP flow control window 12

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TCP is a connection-oriented protocol for client-server communication 14

TCP is a connection-oriented protocol for client-server communication 14

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TCP congestion control Host centric, feedback-based resource allocation policy. The congestion control window is

TCP congestion control Host centric, feedback-based resource allocation policy. The congestion control window is affected by the timing of the acknowledgments. A late or missing acknowledgment signals that the network is congested. 16

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Other Internet protocols ICMP – used by hosts and routers to exchange network layer

Other Internet protocols ICMP – used by hosts and routers to exchange network layer information, e. g. , error reporting RIP – Routing Information Protocol OSPF – Open Shortest Path First Protocol 18

Internet traffic TCP 90 – 95 % of the Internet traffic 65 -75 %

Internet traffic TCP 90 – 95 % of the Internet traffic 65 -75 % of TCP traffic is Web related l 10 % of TCP traffic is due to News l 5 % of TCP traffic is due to Email l 5 % of TCP traffic is due to FTP l 1 % of TCP traffic is due to Napster l UDP 5 – 10 % of the Internet traffic DNS l Realaudio l games l 19

Flows and resource allocation Flow: sequence of packets with a common characteristics A layer-N

Flows and resource allocation Flow: sequence of packets with a common characteristics A layer-N flow the common attribute a layer-N attribute All packets exchanged between two hosts network layer flow l All packets exchanged between two processes transport layer flow l 20

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