Lecture 1 Microprocessors and Computer Systems What is

  • Slides: 10
Download presentation
Lecture 1 Microprocessors and Computer Systems

Lecture 1 Microprocessors and Computer Systems

What is a microprocessor? l l It’s a semiconductor IC Provides the pseudointelligence of

What is a microprocessor? l l It’s a semiconductor IC Provides the pseudointelligence of a system l l Performing arithmetic and logic ops Reading data from and writing data to memory and I/O Perform step-by-step procedure Implement as a CPU in a computer system l Used for any application requiring decision capability and/or process control 2

Von Neumann’s Model Input Memory CPU Output Stored-program computer model 3

Von Neumann’s Model Input Memory CPU Output Stored-program computer model 3

Before Microprocessor Era l 1940 s (first gen. of electrical digital computers) l l

Before Microprocessor Era l 1940 s (first gen. of electrical digital computers) l l Vacuum tubes Transistors Post-1960 l l v Late 1950 s & early 1960 s l l u w ICs Along came microprocessors… l More information wikipedia (topic: “History of computing hardware”) 1. http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/en/5/5 b/RCA 12 ax 7. jpg 2. http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/en/f/f 8/Transistor-photo. JPG 3. http: //www. tiscali. co. uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/images/c 01356. jpg 4

Physical aspect of Microprocessors l l Small size of die Contain millions of transistors

Physical aspect of Microprocessors l l Small size of die Contain millions of transistors (and counting(… http: //www-md. e-technik. uni-rostock. de/lehre/vlsis/2002/chip_bilder/gleu/chip 1. jpg 5

u Moore’s Law l l l v Gordon E. Moore (Co -founder of Intel)

u Moore’s Law l l l v Gordon E. Moore (Co -founder of Intel) Getting double the number of transistors in every 24 months (with minimum cost) Get more info from Intel’s website (recommended) 1. http: //www. intel. com/technology/mooreslaw/pix/ml_img. jpg 2. http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/en/a/a 9/Wgsimonmooreslaw 001. jpg 6

MPU development (case study of Intel( l http: //www. intel. com/museum/online/hist_mic ro/hof/tspecs. htm 7

MPU development (case study of Intel( l http: //www. intel. com/museum/online/hist_mic ro/hof/tspecs. htm 7

Why do we study this stuff? Computer System (CPU rules) Operating Systems Applications 8

Why do we study this stuff? Computer System (CPU rules) Operating Systems Applications 8

Course Outline (revisit( l l l Microprocessors & Computer Systems Microprocessor Architecture Instruction Set

Course Outline (revisit( l l l Microprocessors & Computer Systems Microprocessor Architecture Instruction Set Memory Technology & Interfacing MMU, Cache Memory Input Memory CPU Output 9

Course Outline (revisit( l l l Input/Output & interfacing Interrupts Memory CPU DMA Modern

Course Outline (revisit( l l l Input/Output & interfacing Interrupts Memory CPU DMA Modern microprocessors Embedded technology Discussion on microprocessors Input Output 10