Learning Types of Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning
- Slides: 16
Learning
Types of Learning • Classical Conditioning • Operant Conditioning • Observational Learning
Types of Learning • Classical Conditioning – Pavlov, Garcia • Operant Conditioning – Skinner, Watson • Observational Learning – Bandura
Defining Learning • A change in knowledge or behavior that results from experience.
Pavlov’s Apparatus • Harness and mouth tube help keep dog in a consistent position to gather uncontaminated saliva samples
Before Conditioning • Before Stimuli Are Paired – Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) elicits Unconditioned Response (UCR) • Meat elicits salivation – Neutral stimulus (NS) elicits no particular response • The bell does not lead to a particular response
During Conditioning • Conditioning: Neutral Stimulus (NS) is paired with the Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) – Bell rings, then meat powder is delivered – This pairing happens a number of times (trials)
After Conditioning • After several trials, when the bell rings, the dog salivates (NO FOOD NEEDED!) – The Bell is now a Conditioned Stimulus (CS) – Salivation is a Conditioned Response (CR)
Let’s take a moment to recap
Classical Conditioning Terms • Acquisition – Formation of a learned response to a stimulus through presentation of an unconditioned stimulus • Extinction – Elimination of a learned response by removal of the unconditioned stimulus • Generalization – When the classically conditioned reaction occurs to other (similar) stimuli
Classical conditioning links horror movie music to fear Gore UCS Fear UCR
Classical conditioning links horror movie music to fear Scary Music NS Gore UCS Fear UCR
Classical conditioning links horror movie music to fear Scary Music NS Scary Music CS Gore UCS Fear CR Fear UCR
Learning Factors • Number of pairings • Reliability of CS in predicting UCS • Occurrence of CS just before UCS
Timing of CS before UCS
Prepared Classical Conditioning • Organisms seem predisposed to make certain associations e. g. , nausea creates taste aversions Ex: drinking Ex: Garcia
- Classical and operant conditioning differences
- Generalization psychology
- Variable schedule of reinforcement
- Operant vs. classical conditioning
- Operant vs classical
- Instrumental learning vs classical conditioning
- Intermittent schedule of reinforcement
- Classical and operant conditioning.
- Classical conditioning vs operant conditioning
- Operant conditioning classical conditioning
- Example of classical conditioning
- Latent learning ap psychology
- Fixed interval schedule example
- Operant conditioning types
- Social learning theory vs operant conditioning
- Albert bandura operant conditioning
- Fixed ratio reinforcement schedule