Learning Skills Generic Skills Integration Project Gensip Learning

Learning Skills Generic Skills Integration Project Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin

Transition u Dependence u Directive v. s. Non-directive u Structured u Surface Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin v. s. Independence v. s. Unstructured v. s. Deep learning

Expectations u Commitment u Dedication u Complete u Attend Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin assignments lectures & tutorials

Model of Strategic Learning u Skill u Will u Self-regulation Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 4

Reflection Students must reflect on their own learning, on the relevance of what they are learning and on the nature of the subject. Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 5

Reflection u Process of learning – Know oneself as a learner – Know about tasks – Know about context u Content Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin of learning 6

Self-Regulation u Planning u Monitoring u Evaluating u Reinforcing Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 7

Examples u Planning – Identifying purpose of academic task and selecting appropriate strategy u Monitoring & Evaluating – Asking self questions – Checking with peers Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 8

Planning Strategies u Goal setting u Good time management u Overcoming Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin procrastination 9

SMART Goal Setting u. S Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin = Specific u. M = Measurable u. A = Action u. R = Realistic u. T = Time-based 10

Time Management Strategies u Prioritise u Specificity u Small bite-size pieces u Use all available time u Structure the environment u Establish a routine u Scheduling Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 11

Scheduling Tips u Time u To tables do lists u Prioritising u Monitor, evaluate, reward u Relaxation Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin system time 12

Overcoming Procrastination u Take Action u Salami u Five Technique Minutes u Related Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin u Worst first u Make Commitments Tasks 13

Approaches to Learning u Surface Approach – Intention to reproduce, memorise – Rote, passive u Deep Approach – Intention to understand, interact – Active processing, meaningful Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 14

Examples of Active, Deep Processing Strategies u Discussion u Visualisation u Teaching someone/thing else u Diagrams u Making associations u Asking Questions Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 15

Types of Cognitive Learning Strategies u Rehearsal u Elaboration u Organisational Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 16

Rehearsal Strategies u Mnemonic devices u Reading material over again u Writing material over again u Repeating terms aloud u Flashcards u Underlining or highlighting Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 17

Elaboration Strategies u Linking u Frameworks u Paraphrasing u Summarising u Analogies u Asking questions u Teaching material u Applying knowledge Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 18

Organisational Strategies u Outlining u Diagramming u Classifying u Categorizing u Identify relationships u Separate main ideas from details u Layout of material Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 19

Learning Context u Environmental factors u Departmental expectations & requirements u Assessment method u Relevance of material for own use u Other variables Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 20

Summary v Strategic learners practice reflection and self -regulation v Strategic learners use effective learning strategies v Strategic learners are aware of the learning context Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 21

Purposes for Reading u Enjoyment u Overview or gist of subject u Gathering information, to search u Summarising main points u Expertise or understanding u Critique or evaluation Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 22

Being Selective u Ask lecturers/tutors what is most relevant u Be alert for hints and cues u Ask fellow students u Ask students in the year ahead u Share reading u Preview or skim before reading in-depth Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 23

Reading Strategies u Reflection u Speed reading u Ask questions u Making notes u Self Regulation u Skimming or scanning (preview) u SQ 3 R Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 24

Scanning u Useful for planning or previewing u Glance at table of contents, headings, index u Read introduction and summary or conclusion u Spend only 5 -10 minutes Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 25

SQ 3 R u Survey u Question u Read u Recall u Review Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 26

Purposes for Notetaking u Noting facts u Contrast similarities and differences u Summarise main points u Help pay attention u Review or revision u Record thoughts or brainstorm Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 27

Types of Notes u Prose or summary u Outline u Mind maps u Cornell Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin or skeleton or Two Column 28

Note Making Strategies u Deep Processing Strategies – Summarising info – Seeking relationships – Asking & answering questions – Key words u Rehearsal strategies – Underlining & highlighting Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 29

Notes from Lectures u Active Listening u Brief and Clear !Key words !Abbreviations !Examples, illustrations u Organisation u Review Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 30

The Writing Process u Getting Started – Understanding the task & the question – Creating an outline or mind map – Planning u Gathering Information u Writing Drafts u Feedback Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 31

Getting Started u Understanding task demands u Understanding the question/topic u Creating a mind map or skeletal outline Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 32

Sample Marking Criteria u Introduction u Quality of argument u Use of evidence u Presentation u Conclusions Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 33

Planning Assignments ü ü ü Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin Determine task demands Understand the question Brainstorm/reflect Determine information needed Create outline structure Gather information Start writing first draft Revising and editing References Proofreading SUBMIT! 34

Writing Drafts u Structure u Answer question – First draft - get ideas down – Second draft - develop & support argument u Revise and edit u Credit sources - references Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 35

Structure of Essays Introduction Overview of essay; how question will be answered Main Body Answer question; develop argument Conclusion Summary Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 36

Paragraphs What? ! A main idea and an elaboration How? ! ! ! Topic sentence Supporting sentences - explanation, evidence, examples Linking sentences Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 37

Critical Thinking ? ? Identify and evaluate author’s reasoning / argument Evidence to support ? How valid & reliable ? Biased ? ? Assumptions made Valid conclusions Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 38

References Why? u Credit sources of information & ideas u Reader can locate for further information if required Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 39

References When? u Direct quotes u Paraphrases u Statistics/Studies u Theories u Interpretations u Facts (Cottrell, 1999. p. 123) Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 40

Will u Emotions u Impact Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin and Attitude our cognitions and behaviours 41

Improving Motivation u Focus u Alter on Effort Expectations u Positive Self-Talk u Rewards u Goal Setting u Positive language u Visualisation Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 42

Concentration u Sources of Distractions § Internal § External u Control Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin Distractions 43

Controlling External Distractions u Structure study environment u Establish a routine u Negotiate u Physical Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 44

Controlling Internal Distractions u List of concerns u Worry time u Mind wandering or daydreaming u Building up time u Mental rehearsal u More active in study process Gensip – Learning Skills Trinity College Dublin 45