Learning for everyone Level 2 Diploma for Early

Learning for everyone… Level 2 Diploma for Early Years Practitioners Safeguarding the Welfare of Babies and Young Children Types of Child Abuse

Learning for everyone… Types of abuse Ø Physical abuse Ø Neglect Ø Emotional abuse Ø Sexual abuse Ø Bullying Ø Cyber-bullying Ø Harassment

Learning for everyone… Types of Physical abuse Ø Hitting (with hands or objects) Ø Shaking Ø Biting Ø Burning or scalding Ø Squeezing Ø Poisoning

Learning for everyone… Effects of Physical Abuse Ø Actual or likely physical injury to a child Ø May occur because of a direct attack or because adult has deliberately failed to protect child from physical injury

Learning for everyone… Types of Neglect Ø Inadequate food Ø Dirty or unsuitable clothing Ø Cold conditions Ø Lack of medical treatment Ø Left alone in house

Learning for everyone… Effects of Neglect Ø Failure to meet the child’s basic needs Ø Malnutrition Ø Illness Ø Danger of accident or injury if left alone Ø Deaths

Learning for everyone… Types Emotional abuse Ø Verbal abuse Ø Ridicule Ø Belittling Ø Constant criticism Ø Threats Ø Withdrawal of affection Ø Ignoring Ø Made to feel guilty

Learning for everyone… Effects of Emotional Abuse Ø Child deliberately treated in an uncaring or cruel way Ø problems with brain development Ø taking risks, like running away from home, using drugs and alcohol or breaking the law Ø getting into dangerous relationships Ø difficulty with relationships later in life, including with their own children Ø a higher chance of having mental health problems, including depression.

Learning for everyone… Types of Sexual abuse Ø Sexual intercourse Ø Other sexual acts Ø Carrying out sexual activity in front of children Ø Forcing child to watch or take part in pornographic films Ø Forcing child into some form of prostitution

Learning for everyone… Effects of Sexual Abuse Ø Actual or likely sexual exploitation of a child Ø anxiety and depression Ø eating disorders Ø post-traumatic stress Ø self-harm Ø suicidal thoughts and suicide Ø sexually transmitted infections Ø feelings of shame and guilt https: //www. nspcc. org. uk/what-is-child-abuse/types-of-abuse/child-sexualabuse/#effects

Learning for everyone… Types of Bullying Ø Physical attack Ø Threats Ø Taking or breaking someone’s possessions Ø Verbal cruelty Ø Spreading nasty rumours about someone Ø Ganging up on someone

Learning for everyone… Effects of Bullying Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Social isolation Feelings of shame Sleep disturbance Changes in eating habits Low self-esteem Symptoms of anxiety Bedwetting Higher risk of illness Psychosomatic symptoms (stomach aches, headaches, muscle aches, other physical complaints with no known medical cause) Ø https: //www. psycom. net/effects-of-bullying/

Learning for everyone… Types of Harassment Ø Repeated physical or verbal attack Ø Sending unwelcome text messages or phone calls Ø Tracing someone’s movements Ø Racial harassment Ø Sexual harassment

Learning for everyone… What to do if you are concerned If you are ever concerned about a child’s welfare or safety, OR if you feel a child may have been abused or at risk of abuse at home or elsewhere YOU MUST DO SOMETHING ABOUT IT Don’t assume someone else will take action

Learning for everyone… Types of disclosure Ø Direct disclosure: Telling someone of the abuse. Ø Indirect disclosure: Their behaviours, emotions, art, writing, inquiries or discussions about fears, concerns or relationships or telling a friend.

Learning for everyone… What to do if a child discloses DO: – Take the child seriously – Take your time – Let him/her speak – Reassure that is alright to tell you – Listen carefully – Ask open questions-clarify by open questions – Say what you will do next (i. e. report to DP) DO NOT: – Promise to keep it a secret – Stop the child from speaking – Ask leading questions – Question unnecessarily – Make assumptions – Minimise (“that doesn’t sound serious”) – Try to deal with it on your own - Force a recall or end conversation abruptly

Learning for everyone… Who to Report to? After talking to your supervisor, the procedure is to inform: Local Authority Designated Officer (LADO) And Ofsted

Learning for everyone… Confidentiality Ø Essential personal information about child or young person needed to carry out own role needs to be kept confidential. Ø All personal information needs to be kept confidential and not shared. Ø No discussing children with others outside of the setting. DO NOT TALK TO YOUR FRIENDS OR FAMILY ABOUT A SAFEGUARDING CONCERN

Learning for everyone… When can you break confidentiality Ø Where there is evidence that a child is suffering, or is at risk of suffering, significant harm. Ø Where there is reasonable cause to believe that a child may be suffering or at risk of suffering significant harm. Ø To prevent significant harm arising to children and young people or serious harm to adults, including the prevention, detection and prosecution of serious crime.

Learning for everyone… Further Reading https: //www. nspcc. org. uk/what-is-child-abuse/types-ofabuse/neglect/