Layers of the Earth Chemical Composition The Four

Layers of the Earth

Chemical Composition: The Four Layers The Earth is composed of four different layers. The crust is the layer that you live on, and it is the most widely studied and understood. The mantle is much hotter and has the ability to flow. The outer core and inner core are even hotter with pressures so great you would be squeezed into a ball smaller than a marble if you were able to go to the center of the Earth!

The Earth's Crust is like the skin of a peach. It is very thin in comparison to the other three layers. The Crust � The solid outermost layer of the Earth is the _____. crust 100 � The crust is 5____ to _____ km thick (3 1% ___ of Earth’s to 62 miles) = less than mass. thinnes � It is the t_____ layer ofcontinenta the Earth. l � There are two types of crustoceanic ______ and ______. aluminu � The crust issilico made up of the elements oxyge ____, _____, andm n n • The most common rock in the crust is _________. basalt ______.

The Mantle The Earth's Mantle is like thick, fleshy inside of a peach. It is the thickest of the three layers. The layer of rock between the Earth’s crust and core ismantle the _____. � The mantle is 2, 900 ______ km thick (1, 802 miles) = ____ 67 of Earth’s mass. thicke %is much _____ � It than the crust and r of the Earth’s mass. contains most � The mantle is made up of hot, solid _______ rock that acts like an extremely viscous or sticky liquid- a solid that flows! It is almost like Silly magma Putty! When the rock melts it becomes _____. oxyge silico � The mantlemagnesium is made up of theiron elements n n ________, and �

The Earth's outer core is like the juice of the peach. It is so hot that the metals in the outer core all in the liquid state. The inner core is like the pit of a peach. The insane pressures at the center cause the inner parts to stay solid. The Core � The central part of the Earth below the core mantle is the _____. 3, 430 km � The core has a radius of _____ 33 = ____ of Earth’s mass. (2, 131 miles) %is made up of the elements � The core iron nickel _______ and ______. � The core is made up of anouter _____ core andinner an ____ core. � The outer core is theliquid ____ layer of the Earth’s core that surrounds the inner core. solid � The inner core is the ____, dense center of our planet.

Teach the layers of the Earth to your elbow partner. Take turns and be good listeners! Create an ACCURATE drawing the earth’s layers. You have 5 minutes!

Physical Structure: L. A. M. The physical structure of the Earth describes how the earth moves and responds to temperatures and pressure. The three physical structures: 1. Lithosphere 2. Asthenosphere 3. Mesosphere

Lithosphere The crust and the upper layer of the mantle together make up a zone of rigid, brittle rock called the Lithosphere.

Tectonic Plates � Earth’s Tectonic Plates are pieces of the lithosphere that move around on top of the asthenosphere. outer shell, or lithosphere, is not one solid piece. It’s broken up like a cracked eggshell into huge pieces (our continents) and many small pieces plates called tectoni __________. c � Tectonic are continually at centimeters per year. movingplates _____. � Let’s look at pg. 396!

Asthenosphere The Asthenosphere is the plastic or viscous layer (solid that flows) of the mantle on which pieces of the lithosphere move. This part of the mantle "flows" because of convection currents. Convection currents are caused by the very hot material at the deepest part of the mantle rising, then cooling and sinking again --repeating this cycle over and over.

Convection Currents The next time you heat anything like soup or water in a pan you can watch the convection currents move in the liquid. When the convection currents flow in the asthenosphere they also move the crust. The crust gets a free ride with these currents, like the cork in this illustration.

Mesosphere Beneath the asthenosphere is the strong, lower part of the mantle called the mesosphere. The mesosphere extends from the bottom of the asthenosphere to the Earth's core. At a depth of 660 km (410 miles), pressure becomes so great in the mesosphere that the mantle can no longer flow and becomes a solid.

You need to COLOR and LABEL the Layers of the Earth. Use the WORDLIST you were given to put labels where they go: WORDLIST : Inner Core Outer Core Upper Mantle Crust Lithosphere Asthenosphere Continental Crust Oceanic Crust Middle Mantle Lower mantle Convection currents Mesosphere This will be a GRADE!