LATIN VERB HAS 5 CHARACTERISTICS THESE ARE ST

LATIN VERB HAS 5 CHARACTERISTICS

THESE ARE: ST -1 ND 2 RD 3 • PERSON , , • NUMBER-SG. /PL. • TENSE (present, imperfect, pluperfect, future perfect) • VOICE- active/passive • MOOD-indicative, imperative, subjunctive

We learned 4 tenses so far • made from present stem (infinitive-2 nd principal part) • Present/imperfect (indicative) (subjunctive) o • s • t • mus • tis • nt • bam bas bat bamus batis bant infinitive + m s t mus tis nt

Perfect stem: s u v x , reduplication, lengthened vowel • PERFECT/PLUPERFECT(indicative) (subjunctive) • I ERAM ISSEM • ISTI ERAS ISSES • IT ERAT ISSET • IMUS ERAMUS ISSEMUS • ISTIS ERATIS ISSETIS • ERUNT ERANT ISSENT

PARTICIPLES ARE VERBAL ADJECTIVES, DECLINABLE – 3 RD DECLENSION • PRESENT ACTIVE PRESENT STEM 2 ND PRINCIPAL PART + NOM. –NS GEN. –NTIS TRANSLATION- ING PERFECT PASSIVE 4 TH PRINCIPAL PART -US, -A, UM HAVING BEEN –ED -ED

VERB ESSE- TO BE Present • SUM • EST imperfect ( impf. subj. ) ERAM ESSEM ERAS ESSES ERAT ESSET • SUMUS ERAMUS • ESTIS ERATIS • SUNT ERANT ESSEMUS ESSETIS ESSENT perfect FUISTI FUIT pluperfect FUERAM FUERAS FUERAT FUIMUS FUERAMUS FUITIS FUERATIS FUERUNT FUERANT (plupf. subj. ) FUISSEM FUISSES FUISSET FUISSEMUS FUISSETIS FUISSENT