LATIN III EXAM NOUNS predicate nominative with passive

LATIN III EXAM

NOUNS:

• predicate nominative with passive verbs, e. g. , • appellō, fīō Nominative:

• • • Possessive quantity partitive with causā or grātiā description objective Genitive:

• • possession purpose and reference (double dative) agent with special adjectives, e. g. , amīcus, carus, similis with special verbs, e. g. , imperō, pāreō, placeō, praeficiō, prōsum Dative:

• • • place to which (without prepositions) object of prepositions, e. g. , apud praeter super Accusative:

• • • place from which (without prepositions) ablative absolute description separation cause SID SPACE Ablative:

• The locative case is used for names of towns, cities, small islands and the nouns domus, rus and humus and never use in or ad to indicate place where. The locative case never uses a preposition. • Forms of the Locative Case • For first and second declensions, locatives resemble the genitive in singular forms and the dative/ablative in the plural. • For the third declension, the locative resembles the ablative in the locative singular and plural. Occasionally the locative singular may resemble the dative singular. Locative:

• • • ipse, HIM/HERSELF īdem; THE SAME aliquis, SOMEONE/ANYONE quīdam, A CERTAIN quisque WHOEVER PRONOUNS:

POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE BONUS/BENE MELIOR/MELIUS OPTIMUS/OPTIME MALUS/MALE PELIOR/PELIUS PESSIMUS/PESSIME MAGNUS/MAGNOPERE MAIOR/MAIUS MAXIMUS/MAXIME PARVUS/PAULO MINOR/MINUS MINIMUS/MINIME MULTUS/PAULUM PLUS/PLUS PLURIMUS/PLURIMUM ADJECTIVES/ADVERBS:

• • sī, nam, enim, igitur, autem, tamen, neque, ut correlatives, • sīve. . . sīve, • vel. . . vel, • nec…nec • Et…et • Neque…neque • Aut…aut • Modo…modo CONJUNCTIONS:

• • -ne, -que, -ve -cum ENCLITICS:

• deponents • irregular, • fīō, mālō, volō, nōlō • impersonal, • oportet • irregular imperatives, • dīc, dūc, fac, fer, VERBS:

indirect statement with present and past tense main verbs

• • hortatory, jussive indirect command, purpose clause, result clause, indirect question cum clauses subjunctive mood

• Expressions of purpose • (ad, causā, grātiā) • Active and passive periphrastic • Expression of obligation • gerunds and gerundives,

• • vītā excēdere, in mātrimōnium dūcere, cōnsilium capere in animo vertit Iter facit Nomen est mihi Gratias ago tibi IDIOMS:

III. CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION

• notable cities, regions, mountains, rivers, and bodies of water of Italy and the ancient world, • • Naples, Alexandria, Gaul, Pyrenees, Mt. Etna, Nile, Aegean Sea, Black Sea GEOGRAPHY:

GREATEST BATTLES OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC AND EARLY EMPIRE YEAR PLACE WINNER LOSER 217 BC Lake Trasimene Carthaginians (Hannibal) Romans (C. Flaminius) 216 BC Cannae Carthaginians (Hannibal) Romans (C. Terentius Varro) 202 BC Zama Romans (Scipio Africanus) Carthaginians (Hannibal) 147 BC Carthage Romans Carthaginians 53 BC Carrhae Parthians Romans (M. Crassus) 48 BC Pharsalus Romans (Julius Caesar) Romans (Cn. Pompeius Magnus) 42 BC 2 nd Philippi M. Antonius/C. Octavianus M. Junius Brutus 31 BC Actium Romans (Agrippa) Romans (M. Antonius) AD 68 -70 Jerusalem Romans (Vespasian/Titus) Jews AD 83 Mons Graupius Romans (Agricola) Caledonians (Galgacus) • Pyrrhus, Marius, Sulla, Pompey, Livia, Tiberius HISTORY:

• Greek and Roman heroes, • e. g. , Perseus, Jason, Mucius • Scaevola; typical Roman and Italian deities, • e. g. , Janus, Vesta; origins and • transformations, • e. g. , Daphne, Pygmalion, Baucis and Philemon, Niobe MYTHOLOGY:

• calendar terms, Kalends, Nones, Ides • Calends (Kalendae, Kalends) signify the start of the new moon cycle and was always the first day of the month. It is derived from the Greek word καλειν, “to announce” the days of the full and new moon. • Nones (Nonae) were known to be the days of the half moon which usually occur 8 days before the Ides. • Ides occurred on the 15 th day of March, May, July, and October, and the 13 th day of the other months. They are thought to have been the days of the full moon. • Each day was referred to by how many days it fell before the Calends, Nones or Ides. For example, March 11 would be known as “Five Ides” to the Romans because it is four days before the Ides of March (March 15) • pr. (prīdiē), a. d. (ante diem); • pontifex maximus, augures; ceremonies, e. g. , weddings, funerals, triumphs ROMAN LIFE:

IV. LATIN IN USE

• • • • e. g. , Salve, salvete Quid agis? Quid est nomen tibi? Vale, valete Ita vero, Minime, Quid est? Quis est? Gratias tibi ago, Sol lucet, Quota hora est? Adsum, Quid novi? plaudite omnēs; mē paenitet; ut bene scīs Hello How are you? / What are you doing? What’s your name? goodbye Yes! no! What is it? Who is it? Thank you The sun is shining What time is it? I am present What’s new? Everyone clap I’m sorry as you well know ORAL LATIN:

codedis- together away, off; generally indicates reversal or removal in English not, not any inter- between, among non- not post- after pre- before re- again; back, backward sub- under trans across, beyond, through - coauthor, coedit, coheir deactivate, debone, defrost, decompress, deplane disbelief, discomfort, discredit, disrepair, disrespect international, interfaith, intertwine, intercellular, interject nonessential, nonmetallic, nonresident, nonviolence, nonskid, nonstop postdate, postwar, postnasal, postnatal preconceive, preexist, premeditate, predispose, prepossess, prepay rearrange, rebuild, recall, remake, rerun, rewrite submarine, subsoil, subway, subhuman, substandard Transfer, transitive, transition, transform, trans-Atlantic DERIVATIVES:

• Pyrrhic victory, • crossing the Rubicon, • nōn sequitur, • ad hominem, • Q. E. D. • Amor omnia vincit • In vino veritas • Carpe diem • • Utile dulci Semper fidelis Caveat emptor Post hoc, ergo procter hoc • Per angusta ad augusta • Sic monumentis requiris, circumspice • Aere perennius EXPRESSIONS, MOTTOES, ABBREVIATIONS: