LATHE MACHINE A lathe is a machine tool

LATHE MACHINE § A lathe is a machine tool which operates on the principle of a rotating work piece and a fixed cutting tool. § Lathe machine is also known as “the mother/father of the entire tool family”.

HISTORY § The lathe machine is one of the oldest and most important machine tools. As early as 1569, wood lathes were use in France. § The lathe machine was adapted to metal cutting in England during the Industrial Revolution.

INVENTOR OF LATHE

TYPES OF LATHE • • Engine Lathe Tool room Lathe Turret Lathe Capstan Lathe Wood Lathe CNC Lathe etc

Engine Lathe

Tool room Lathe § The tool room lathe is a small to medium-sized engine lathe specially designed for high-precision work. § A tool room lathe is capable of better accuracy and precision than a standard engine lathe.

Turret Lathe § Turret lathes are used in production machine shops where several sequential operations are needed on single work piece. § It is costly and time consuming to remove a work piece from one machine and hold it in another. § Removing and re-holding a work piece also introduces errors in work alignment and machining accuracy.

Capstan Lathe

Wood Lathe § A machine for shaping a piece of material, such as wood by rotating it rapidly along its axis while pressing a fixed cutting tool against it. § Wood lathes can be used to create functional furniture components.

CNC Lathe § Computer numerically controlled lathes have largely supplanted engine lathes in production machining environments. § Once a program is verified, an operation can be quickly set up again without the need for tedious manual adjustments.

PARTS OF LATHE The parts of centre/engine lathe are: Ø Head stock Ø Tail stock Ø Bed Ø Carriage Ø Lead Screw Ø Apron Ø Tool Holder Ø Head Stock Spindle Ø etc

LATHE OPERATIONS § § § § § These are basic operations of lathe machine Turning Facing Boring Drilling Reaming Threading Parting Knurling etc

Turning § Turning is the removal of metal from the outer diameter of a rotating cylindrical work piece, usually to a specified dimension.

Turning

Facing § That produce a flat surface at the end of the work piece or for making face grooves. § Tool Is fed radially inward.

Boring § Boring is used to increase the inside diameter of a hole. The original hole is made with a drill. § Boring, also called internal turning.

Boring

Drilling § To produce a hole on the work piece. § Cutting tool called a drill or drill bit. § Tool is held on the tailstock.

Reaming § The process of using a multi-point tool to smooth the interior surface of a hole.

Threading § A pointed tool is fed linearly across the outside or inside surface of the rotating workpart in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation at a large effective feed rate.

Threading

Parting § A cutting tool that is cut off the work piece at a specific length. § It is normally used to remove the finished end of a work piece from the bar stock that is clamped in the chuck.

Parting

Knurling § Knurling is a process of impressing a diamond shaped or straight line pattern into the surface of a work piece by using specially shaped hardened metal wheels.

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