Last minute add in Attachment theory The Attachment

Last minute add in… Attachment theory: The Attachment Theory: How Childhood Affects Life

Socialization and Theories of Personality Development

Socialization The lifelong process of social interaction through which individuals acquire a self identity and the physical, mental, and social skills needed for survival in society.

The need for contact From a sociological perspective humans have to have social contact with others in order to form a sense of self or personal identity - who and what one is. When we speak of the “self”, words such as I, me, mine, myself are often used.

Self Concept The totality of our beliefs and feelings about ourselves. Without social contact, we cannot form a self concept —the totality of our beliefs and feelings about ourselves.

Four concepts comprising our self concept: ● The physical self (I am tall ) ● The active self (I am good at soccer ) ● The social self (I am nice to others ) ● The psychological self (I believe in world peace)

Self Identity Our self identity is our perception about what kind of person we are.

Symbolic Interactionism Symbolic interactionist theory: the sociological approach that views society as the sum of interactions of individuals and groups.

Symbolic Interactionism Symbolic Interactionists believe that we do not know who we are until we see ourselves as we believe others see us. We gain information about the self largely through language, symbols, and interaction with others.

Social Constructionism A term that is applied to theories that emphasize the socially created nature of social life.

Social Psychological Theories ● Sigmund Freud: ● Sigmund Freud’s basic assumption in his psychoanalytic approach is that human behaviour and personality originate from unconscious forces within individuals. ● Ideas on the belief that people have two basic tendencies - the urge to survive and the urge to procreate.

● Sigmund Freud-Psychoanalytic Theory

The three stages of human development that reflect different levels of personality ● The id is the component of personality that includes all of the individual’s basic biological drives and needs that demand immediate gratification. ● The ego is the rational, reality oriented component of personality that imposes restrictions on the innate pleasure seeking drives of the id. Channels the desire of the id into the most advantageous direction for the individual. (Between the ID and the Superego) ● The superego, or conscience, consists of the moral and ethical aspects of personality. ● *When a person is well adjusted, the ego successfully manages the opposing forces of the id and the superego.

Id-Ego-Superego Conflict ● The Emperor’s New Groove ● Donald’s Decision

Erikson ● Erikson’s theory includes eight psychosocial stages of development. ● Stage 1. Trust versus Mistrust / Birth to age 1 Good care & nurturing (emotional warmth, security and love) = trust. Opposite = mistrust. ● Stage 2. Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt / 1 - 3 years Independance & able to explore environment = autonomy. Parents disapprove or discourage = shame and doubt.

● Stage 3. Initiative versus Guilt / 3 - 5 years Parents encourage initiative = development of sense of initiative. Parents make children feel like actions are a nuisance = children develop strong sense of guilt. ● Stage 4. Industry versus Inferiority / 6 - 11 years Adults who encourage and praise children’s efforts to manipulate objects and learn how things work = feeling of industry. Parents indicate silly or nuisance =feeling of inferiority. ● Stage 5. Identity versus Role Confusion / 12 -18 years Adolescents taking on new roles and combining them with old roles = sense of self identity. Role confusion occurs when individuals fail to acquire a sense of personal identity.

● Stage 6. Intimacy versus Isolation / 18 - 35 years Desire to establish close and meaningful relationships and if successful = intimacy. Failure = isolation. ● Stage 7. Generativity versus Self Absorption / 35 - 55 years Generativity means looking beyond oneself and being concerned about the next generation and the future of the world in general. Self absorbed people may be preoccupied with their own well being and material gains or be overwhelmed by “stagnation or boredom” and interpersonal impoverishment. ● Stage 8. Integrity versus Despair / Maturity and old age When a person has resolved previous psychosocial crisis and are able to look back at their life as having been meaningful and fulfilling = integrity. Previous crisis unresolved, life is just a series of disappointments, failures and misfortunes = despair.

Erikson’s stages of development ● 8 Stages of Development by Erikson ● Disney Pixar and Erikson’s 8 stages of development

Mini assignment /24 ● Socialization and Theories of Personality Development: Sociological Theories ● Use the text book pages 116 -119 to answer the questions attached to your note page

Cooley and Mead ● Charles Cooley- Looking glass self ● George Herbert Mead- The I and the Me

Film Assignment ● Research a scene in a TV show or film which depicts the Id, Ego, Superego. Clearly describe how each is depicted in the scene. ● Try to identify a scene in a TV show or film for each of Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development. Clearly describe how the stage is implied within the scene. (like the Disney Pixar examples I showed you). ● ● ● ● ● You cannot use the same Disney clips I showed you to do the above. Monster’s Inc Finding Nemo Inside Out The Incredibles Minions Frozen Toy Story 3 Up