LAPP Introduction Catherine ADLOFF for Yannis KARYOTAKIS LAPP
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LAPP Introduction Catherine ADLOFF for Yannis KARYOTAKIS
LAPP short history 1976 1984 1976: Lapp was founded by physicists from Paris and Orsay wishing to live closer to CERN. Most experiments at CERN (one at the Bugey Nuclear power) 2012: 1992 • Still many experiments at CERN (LHC) • New field of astroparticles: gravitational waves, high energy cosmic rays, search for anti-matter • Many experiments or R&D in far away places: Italy (OPERA, VIRGO), Namibia (HESS), Japan (ATF 2), international space station (AMS) 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 2
LAPP in a nutshell • 63 physicists (including 10 PHD students and 9 post-docs) In several large international collaborations working on accelerators (ATLAS and LHCb on the LHC at CERN, OPERA in Gran Sasso), astroparticle experiments (Virgo, AMS, HESS, CTA) and R&D: LC detectors (MICROMEGAS chambers), magnet stabilization for future accelerators, (LAVISTA/ATF 2), instrumentation for accelerators (CLIC), … • 78 engineers, technicians and administrative staff In three technical services: mechanics, electronics and computing Specific skills in automatics, microelectronics, slow control, data acquisition and Grid computing. T 2/T 3 LCG node and computing platform for Université de Savoie research labs (MUST) 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 3
Theoretical physics • LAPP also hosts a large [~33 researchers] theoretical physics laboratory, LAPTH • Together, the two labs have created CIPHEA, which invites every year foreign experimentalists and theorists working in the field of LHC physics, dark matter, etc. . (~10 visitors / Yr) 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 4
ATLAS Detector at LHC (CERN) LHC • Higgs boson search • Search of new particles which are not part of the actual particle physics Standard Model LHC 22 m height, 44 m long, ~ 7000 tonnes Assembly of several sub-detectots ATLAS 26/04/2012 LAPP: Electromagnetic calorimeter and its electronics Tracker services (upgrade) Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 5
AMS Detector on the ISS 3 m height, 3 m large, ~ 8500 kg! International Space Station Assembly of several sub-detectors AMS LAPP: ECAL PM and its electronics Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer ECAL assembly in clean room at LAPP • Cosmic rays (composition and energy distribution) • Antimatter search • Dark Matter search 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors Calorimètre Plomb-Scintillateur. Poids: 630 kg ECAL Photomultiplier and its electronics 6
R&D on Calorimeter • Hadronic calorimeter for Linear Colliders Particle Flow Algorithms : jet resolution s. Ej/Ej = 0. 3/√Ej(Ge. V) depends on : Imaging calorimeters: – track-shower matching Compact showers High granularity – shower separation • 3000 m 2 of active area • Our choice : Large area MICROMEGAS with embedded electronics 3 thresholds readout : Semi-Digital HCAL 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 7
MICROMEGAS for a SDHCAL • Characteristics: Proportional mode Bulk-MICROMEGAS 1 cm 2 cell readout embedded readout electronics (3 thresholds) Operating at low voltage < 500 V High detection rate Robust, cheap (industrial process possible) Thickness: down to 6 mm JINST_4_P 11023 Number of events – – – – • Prototype basic performances • Efficiency > 97%, channel disparity < 1% • Multiplicity < 1. 1 – Excellent behaviour in electromagnetic and hadronic showers Industry-Academia Matching Event on 26/04/2012 Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors TB 2008 Deposited charged (f. C) MPGD 09 Number of hits – MIP most probable value : ~20 f. C – At 1. 5 f. C threshold : μ: 200 Ge. V TB 2009 e: 2 Ge. V 8 Number of absorbers
MICROMEGAS for a SDHCAL n 1 m 2 MICROMEGAS layer: n 9216 pads of 1 cm 2 (2% dead areas) n 6 independent bulks (TE-MPE-EM at CERN) 7 mm total thickness + 2 mm stainless steel fits in SS and W CALICE structures. Prototype with MICROROC chip n n n n n Non-flammable mixture Ar/CF 4/i. C 4 H 10 95/3/2 2 weeks operation in August 2011 (SPS) with less than 10 HV trips, no dead channels 10 days in GRPC-DHCAL in October 2011 (SPS) Efficiency = 98 %, hit multiplicity = 1. 15 , Noise = 0. 1 Hz for the complete 1 m 2 Response in hadronic showers, triggerless mode 4 MICROMEGAS layers expected this year 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 9
Our Competences 24 chips PCB Large area MICROMEGAS Sparks protection ASIC design High density PCB designed Data Acquisition (hardware, firmware and software) MICROROC chip • Data analysis software • • • 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 10