LANL Medium Energy Nuclear Physics Cold Nuclear Matter

LANL Medium Energy Nuclear Physics Cold Nuclear Matter and Spin Physics Overview May 24, 2010 Overview – Mike Leitch • Physics – Cold Nuclear Matter, Spin • Hardware – Muon Tracker, FVTX • People, Highlights, Budget, Future Cold Nuclear Matter – Pat Mc. Gaughey RHIC Spin – Xiaodong Jiang Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 1

2 Cold Nuclear Matter (CNM) Physics • Leading twist gluon shadowing • Coherence models & higher-twist (HT) shadowing • Small-x gluon saturation: 2 1 diagrams become important and deplete the low-x region; amplified in a nucleus. RGPb NSAC Milestone: DM 8 – “Determine gluon densities at low x in cold nuclei via p + Au or d + Au collisions. “ Q 2 = 1. 69 Ge. V 2 n. DS HKN 07 EKS 98 EPS 09 EPS 08 x NSAC Milestone: DM 12 – “…constrain the mechanism for parton energy loss in the quark-gluon plasma. ” And what about energy loss in cold nuclear matter? R(A/p) R=1 R(W/Be) E 866/Nu. Sea, 800 Ge. V, J/Ψ p+W / p+Be ratio shadowing only With energy loss x. F Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 x. F

Recent CNM results from d+Au collisions J/ suppression in CNM for RHIC d+Au compared to lower energy experiments (Colorado, Leitch, Pereira) , and suppression forward-rapidity (Lei Guo, …) PHENIX Preliminary New J/ suppression from 2008 d+Au data (Colorado, Leitch, Pereira) Upsilon suppression in 2008 d+Au data (K. Lee (Korea U. ), Leitch, …) Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 3

Quark Energy Loss in Nuclei - FNAL E 906 (120 Ge. V) In E 866 at 800 Ge. V, the nuclear dependence of Drell-Yan on nuclear targets could not unambiguously separate shadowing and d. E/dx effects at low x • for 120 Ge. V, x > 0. 1 & only quark d. E/dx remains LANL LDRD, Ming Liu, I. Vitev, 2008 -2010 • Detector & physics simulations; d. E/dx theory • Muon detectors from applied program, shipped to FNAL & being tested • E 866 software expertise • E 906 Collaboration & software meeting @Los Alamos, 1/7/09 • Ming Liu, Pat Mc. Gaughey, Mike Leitch, Han Liu, and others E 906 Schedule : Runs in 2011, 2012 Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 q, g Energy loss upper limits based on E 866 Drell-Yan measurement & EKS shadowing 4

5 Spin Physics – Forward W’s & Drell-Yan NSAC Milestone: HP 8 – “Measure flavor-identified q and qbar contributions to the spin of the proton via the longitudinal-spin asymmetry. ” Present Muon tracker resolution good enough so far for J/ , but only ~300 m • Need (design) 100 m to separate W+ from W- at high momentum! • LANL studying low-level cluster resolution, alignment, pileup/crosstalk, etc to reach the design resolution NSAC Milestone: HP 13 – “Test unique QCD predictions for relations between single-spin phenomena in p-p scattering and those observed in deep-inelastic lepton scattering” Correlation between parton p. T inside proton and the proton spin • Opposite sign expected for Drell-Yan compared to DIS - attractive vs repulsive color charge force “Transverse-Spin Drell-Yan Physics at RHIC” (http: //spin. riken. bnl. gov/rsc/write-up/dy_final. pdf) Les Bland, Stanley J. Brodsky, Gerry Bunce, Ming Liu, Matthias Grosse. Perdekamp, Akio Ogawa, Werner Vogelsang, Feng Yuan Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 70% polariz. s = 200 Ge. V P = 70% PHENIX Muon Arms

Transverse Spin Asymmetries Preliminary measurement for 2006 single muons • asymmetries driven by correlations between proton spin and gluon transverse momentum • excludes maximum gluon Sivers from Anselmino PRD 70, 074205 (2004) • precision measurement with FVTX in the future Recent COMPASS results for Sivers Asymmetry are different from naïve expectation based on earlier HERMES measurements • Why? – different kinematics, experimental and/or theoretical uncertainties? Jlab E 06 -010 Transverse neutron Single Spin Asymm. (SSA) • Independent measurement, Jiang & Puckett Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 6

LANL Contributed PHENIX Muon Trackers Muon Tracker Contributions - Designed, built, commissioned Muon Trackers Current Responsibilities - DC Member, provide many on-call expert shifts per run, lead and perform maintenance each year, work with Muon Trigger upgrade group Muon Tracker Analyses - Provided much of the simulation & reconstruction software, online QA software for the Muon Trackers. Lead roles in most muon physics analyses (sustained staff, post-doc effort required for maintenance of detectors) Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 7

Silicon Trackers Enhance RHIC Physics Program 8 FVTX (Forward Ver. Te. X detector) - significantly enhancing the Muon Physics program with precision tracking Physics Measurements - precision open heavy flavor measurements, flavor-separation, significantly improved vector meson program, Drell-Yan, improved W background rejection LDRD funds - signficantly advanced R&D & theory LANL Role - Project Leaders, DAQ, sensor and readout chip, software prompt Cost $4. 9 M, Completion 2011 - for Run 12 p LANL Initiated + Leading FVTX Effort Improvement J/Ψ, Ψ’ mass resolution & lower background (light meson decays) J/Ψ Ψ’ Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 Single-spin asymmetry for heavy-quarks

PHENIX Team and MEP Personnel Technical Staff Members (2. 0 FTEs in FY 09 supported by MEP): Melynda Brooks, Xiaodong Jiang, Jon Kapustinsky, Gerd Kunde, David Lee, Mike Leitch, Ming-Xiong Liu, Pat Mc. Gaughey, Walt Sondheim, Hubert van. Hecke LDRD-supported Staff and Post-Docs (0. 4 FTE Staff, 2. 0 FTE Post-Doc): Ming Liu (25%), Pat Mc. Gaughey (15%), Christine Aidala (100%), Andrew Puckett (100%) Post-Docs (1 FTE on KB 01 in FY 09) : Carlos Camacho, Lei Guo, Han Liu, Anuj Purwar, Catherine Silvestre, Zhengyun You Students and Full-Time Visitors: Hisham Albataineh (NMSU, recently graduated), Husseing Al’Taani (NMSU, now at BNL) Hugo Pereira (staff, Saclay), Xiaorong Wang (NMSU staff) 2. 0 FTE Staff + 1. 0 FTE PD on DOE funds 0. 4 FTE Staff + 2. 0 FTE Post-Docs on LDRD funds *Bold-face indicates primary contributors to MEP work Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 9

Program Evolution: May 2006 - Present Staffing changes: • TSM Xiaodong Jiang hired • Significant increase in post-doc levels through LDRD funded fellowships Program evolution • Better performance from RHIC in luminosity, polarization. Analyses moving to publication. • FVTX detector evolved to DOE-funded project. Underwent scientific and technical review by DOE, accompanied by many more simulations of performance. • Secured LDRD funding to provide muon identification detectors, and perform energy loss measurement using FNAL E 906 • Transitory effort at JLAB (Xiaodong and LDRD-funded post-doc) Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 10

Funds Supporting PHENIX Team Efforts 11 DOE Supported Efforts Medium Energy Physics - RHIC Spin and Cold Nuclear Matter, E 906, JLAB $1035 k/FY 09 FVTX (Project Management, Mechanical, DAQ, Readout Chip and Sensor Oversight) VTX (construction funds for Walt Sondheim) PHENIX Muon Tracker - continued maintenance, expert shifts, etc. Heavy Ion Physics - RHIC HI and Cold Nuclear Matter $2498 k/FY 09 LDRD-Supported Efforts The First Precise Determination of Quark Energy Loss in Nuclei (FNAL E 906) (2008 -2010) $250 k/year Christine Aidala, Frederick Reines Post-Doc, “Measurement of Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetries of Neutral Pion and Eta Meson Production in Polarized p+p Collisions Using the PHENIX Detector at RHIC” (2009 -2011) $180 k/year Andrew Puckett, Director’s funded Post-Doc, Experimental Studies On the Origin of Nucleon Spin) (2010 -2011) $125 k/year Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10

Key Roles • PHENIX Physics Working Group Conveners (past) – Leitch, Aidala, Brooks • PHENIX Paper Writing – many PPG’s & IRC’s • PHENIX Executive Council - Leitch • PHENIX Speakers Bureau – Leitch, Aidala • PHENIX 2010 Decadal Plan Writing committee – Leitch, Aidala • PHENIX Deputy Director for Upgrades - Leitch • PHENIX Detector Council Member for Muon Tracker – Leitch (present), Brooks, Mc. Gaughey (past) • PHENIX Run Coordinator for 2007 & 2008 – Leitch • PHENIX Period Coordinators – Liu, Leitch • FVTX Project Leaders – Brooks, Kapustinsky • FVTX & VTX Lead Mechanical Engineer – Sondheim • Co-convener of RHIC-II p. A/Forward Physics – Leitch • FNAL E 866/Nu. Sea Spokesman – Leitch, Mc. Gaughey (past), Garvey (past) • Organizers for 2010 Santa Fe DNP meeting – Brooks, Leitch, Vitev • APS Hadron Phys. Topical Group Exec. Council – Leitch (past) Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 12

Some Recent Highlights • 2008 d+Au J/Ψ RCP for QM 09 - Leitch + Colorado • , , RCP in d+Au at forward rapidity – Guo • Working on and C – K. Lee (Korea U. ), Leitch • ALL and AN forward heavy-quarks and for J/ - M. Liu, H. Liu • Forward rapidity η AN using forward calorimeter (MPC) – Aidala • E 06 -10/-011 (neutron AN) co-spokesman, leading analysis – Jiang, Puckett • Hawaii DNP mtg d+Au talk; two d+Au J/Ψ talks at ECT & Seattle/INT; Lead PHENIX talk at QM 09 - Leitch • Rutgers LRP mtg d+Au talk - Leitch • RHIC/AGS ‘ 07, ‘ 08 & PKU-RBRC ‘ 08 Transverse Spin talks – H. Liu • WWND 10 Transverse Spin; PKU-RBRC ‘ 08 Drell-Yan talks – M. Liu • EINN 09, HANUC ‘ 09 Lectures, SPIN ‘ 08, … invited talks – Aidala • EIC talk at WWND ‘ 08, - Aidala • Transversity ‘ 08 – Jiang • RHIC Spin Drell-Yan white paper – M. Liu coauthor • E 906 mu. ID tubes, 1 st detectors on floor at FNAL – M. Liu, H. Liu, Mc. Gaughey • CNI Polarimeter results for 2006 run – H. Liu, Camacho • E 906 Collaboration mtg in Los Alamos – M. Liu & others • Spin. Fest organizer – M. Liu Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 13

Extending Gluon Saturation, Energy Loss and Nculeon Structure Studies to an Electron-Ion Collider e-p(A) collisions at high energy and luminosity using collider • clean well-understood EM-probe • next large-scale facility in U. S. Nucl. Phys. LANL group: • Explore EIC physics opportunities • gluon saturation, parton d. E/dx & FF’s • nucleon (spin) structure • electroweak structure of nucleon • Establish (Nat. Lab. ) role in detector development Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 14

Outlook: LANL Medium Energy Physics • • Continue active leadership of the CNM Program centered on PHENIX Push E 906 through to CNM d. E/dx physics result Lead in the muon detector based forward-rapidity RHIC spin program Work towards W measurement • solve high-momentum charge separation problem in muon tracker Forward-rapidity transverse asymmetry measurements Harvest new physics enabled by the PHENIX FVTX upgrade Carry out analysis of present JLAB data; low-level 12 -Ge. V JLab physics? Explore EIC physics and establish role in detector development PHENIX Preliminary Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 15

A Decadal View for the LANL ME Physics Program 2010 2011 h ug es ro ton les mi CNM from Run 8 FVTX construction 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 W AL (sea forw transv. W, DY transv. contrib. to nucl. spin) FVTX physics 2018 2019 Physics with FVTX for multiple species of collisions E 906 d. E/dx AN n JLab EIC physics development CNM with FVTX 2017 16 JPARC Pol. DY? 12 -Ge. V JLab? EIC high in LRP? LANL detector initiative & physics planning LHC p+A? • E 906 strengthened by new Director’s (LDRD) Post Doc and/or student • JLab ANn enabled by present Dir’s PD & LDRD ER, finishes present analyses • 12 -Ge. V Jlab does not fit; possible LDRD? • Polarized DY (at JParc), LHC p+A are other more virtual, but interesting, possibilities Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10

17 Backup Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10

18 Requested KB 01 Support FY 10 (TSM + PD) FY 11 (TSM + PD) FY 12 (TSM + PD) FY 13 (TSM + PD) RHIC Analyses 1. 6 + 0. 9 + 0. 8 1. 5 + 1 + 0. 8 1. 6 + 1 + 0. 5 E 906 0. 3 + 0. 1 0. 4 + 1 +1 0. 3 + 1 +1 0. 2 + 1 +1 EIC 0. 1 + 0. 2 0. 1 0. 4 + 0. 5 0. 2 0. 4 + 0. 5 JLab 0. 3 + 1 0. 3? + 1 LDRD? DOE FTE 2 + 0. 9 2+2 2+2 KB 01 Funds $1035 k $1195 k $1237 k $1281 k 0. 3 + 2. 1 0. 3? + 2 0. 4 + 1 LDRD FTE • FVTX & Muon Tracker hardware work to enable physics included in “RHIC Analysis” (and shared with KB 02); E 906 also supported in part by KB 02 • DOE (red); LDRD (blue); staff members (underlined) • $120 k PD increase in FY 11 + 3. 5%/yr inflation Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10

Fitting Effort into Available FTE’s FY 10 Who RHIC (FTE) JLab (FTE) Leitch 0. 3 CNM, EIC Mc. Gaughey LDRD (FTE) 0. 1 E 906 M. Liu 0. 4 W 0. 3 Transv. 0. 1 DY Jiang 0. 6 Transv. H. Liu (PD) 0. 9 0. 2 E 906 0. 3 Transv. 0. 1 E 906 Aidala (PD) (2009 -2011) 0. 4 Transv. 0. 4 ALL 0. 2 EIC Puckett (PD) (2010 -2011) 0. 7 n-asymm. 0. 3 12 -Ge. V New PD Total 1. 7 + 0. 9 PD DOE Total 2. 0 + 0. 9 PD 0. 3 + 1. 1+1 PD • FVTX & Muon Tracker hardware work to enable above physics • E 906 LDRD ends at end of FY 10 • PD’s in LDRD column are supported by LDRD Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 19

Fitting Effort into Available FTE’s FY 11 - with JLab LDRD + E 906 PD Who RHIC (FTE) JLab (FTE) Leitch 0. 3 CNM, EIC Mc. Gaughey 0. 1 E 906 M. Liu 0. 3 W 0. 3 Transv. 0. 1 DY 0. 3 E 906 Jiang 0. 6 Transv. H. Liu (PD) 1. 0 LDRD (FTE) 0. 3 JLab Aidala (PD) (2009 -2011) 0. 4 Transv. 0. 4 ALL 0. 2 EIC Puckett (PD) (2010 -2011) 0. 7 n-asymm. 0. 3 12 -Ge. V New PD 1 PD (E 906) Total 2. 00 + 2 PD DOE Total 2. 0 + 2 PD 0. 3 + 1+1 PD • FVTX & Muon Tracker hardware work to enable above physics • JLab staff effort requires new LDRD support • New PD enables E 906 completion through physics • PD’s in LDRD column are supported by LDRD Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 20

Fitting Effort into Available FTE’s FY 13 -FY 14 - with ramp-up of EIC Who RHIC (FTE) JLab (FTE) Leitch 0. 3 CNM, EIC Mc. Gaughey 0. 3 EIC M. Liu 0. 1 W 0. 3 Transv. 0. 2 DY 0. 2 EIC (detector) Jiang 0. 4 Transv 0. 2 EIC (detector) H. Liu (PD) 1 Postdoc LDRD (FTE) 1 EIC+RHIC Postdoc 1 E 906 Total 2. 0 + 2 PD DOE Total 2. 0 + 1 PD 0. 4 + 1 PD • FVTX & Muon Tracker hardware work to enable above physics • PD’s in LDRD column are supported by LDRD Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 21

Physics Viability of the RHIC Polarized Beam Operations achieved Projected “ 2014 E” W msmt in 20 wks Lumi pb-1/wk Polariz 45 70% s (Ge. V) Lumi pb-1/wk Polariz 200 8 55% 6 -10 55 -65% 500 18 34% 18 -83 35 -65% * Oct 2009 RHIC projections – W. Fischer et al. Polarized p+p Accelerator Improvements: • new polarized source - +10% in polarization • AGS horizontal tune jump - +5% polarization? • * 0. 6 • 9 Mhz & other RF improvements • spin flipper, electron lens de. Florian projections W physics goal: 300 pb-1 delivered at 70% polariz. • PHENIX recorded/delivered = 1/3 • achieved/goal = (18 pb-1 x 20 wks x 1/3 x 0. 342)/(300 pb-1 x 0. 72) = 1/10 • projected/goal = (83 pb-1 x 20 wks x 1/3 x 0. 652)/(300 pb-1 x 0. 72) = 1. 6 Mike Leitch -- 5/24/10 800 pb-1 22