Language Regional Expertise and Culture LREC CapabilityBased Requirements

Language, Regional Expertise and Culture (LREC) Capability-Based Requirements Identification Process (CBRIP) Presentation to Culture Coordinating Committee 3 February 2016 J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 0

LREC CBRIP Background Need for Standardized Process Iraq conflict demonstrated need for LREC • DLO & Service LREC requirements built on immediate needs • Do. D Language Roadmap released JROC funded two CBAs – Language and Regional Expertise & Culture Do. D LREC Strategic Plan released CCMDs began reporting LREC requirements based on plans 2005 2006 2007 JS published CJCSI 3126. 01 as first step towards capturing requirements 2008 2009 2011 Ops. Deps and JROC approved LREC CBRIP (JROCM 183 -10) • Standardized methodology for GCCs to identify and prioritize LREC capability needs “Building Language Skills and Cultural Competencies in the – HASC (O&I) Report and J-1 LREC Capability. Military” Requirements OSD asked JS to initiate CBAs This brief is unclassified 2010 2012 2013 CJCSI 3126. 01 A published JROCM 032 -12 with follow-on tasks from Phase 1 (Steady State) 1

Phased CBRIP Implementation / Institutionalization – Bridge to Force Development Identify Requirements Assess Gaps and Risk Program Resources Man, Train, and Equip Forces Deliver LREC Proficient Total Force Readiness Implementation 4 Phases 1 -3 – Geographic Combatant Commands – Steady state (foundational activities) – Surge (defense planning scenarios) 4 Phase 4 – Functional Combatant Commands (FY 13) 4 Phase 5 – Services & Defense Agencies (FY 14) J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified Institutionalization 4 FY 15 – GCC HQ JMETs 4 FY 16/17 – Service Components 4 FY 16 -18 – Services – Service Task List Analysis (USMC in base year; USA, USN, USAF in Option Year 1) – Service CBRIP Workshops (USMC in Option Year 1; USA, USN, USAF in Option Year 2) 2

LREC Capabilities-Based Requirements Identification Process (CBRIP) 4 Overall objectives – Identify and prioritize CCMDs’ capability requirements for LREC – Integrate and send LREC demand signal to Services in order to inform POM decisions 4 Involves JS, OSD, CCMDs, CCMD Components and Services 4 Applies a capabilities-based approach (from Joint Capability Integration and Development System) to LREC domain – Produces capability requirements (not sourcing solutions) – Standardized, repeatable, and analytically rigorous 4 Output is prioritized capability requirements that identify: – What LREC proficiency is required – Where the capability resides – Who provides it – When it is needed – How important it is J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 3

Capability requirements are not billets 4 Each record in the database: – Articulates the need for LREC to accomplish a task – Identifies: • Where a task is performed • Who performs a task organizationally • Minimum language and/or regional expertise & culture proficiency required • Criticality of LREC proficiency to task and mission – Is tied to Guidance for Employment of the Force Global and Theater End States 4 Each record is NOT a refined sourcing solution (e. g. , Service member, Do. D civilian, contract linguist, machine translation) – There is not a one-to-one match between capability requirements and billets 4 What Still Needs to Be Done: Determine sourcing solutions – Services need to translate capability requirements into actual requirements (billets, training programs, contracts, technology solutions, etc) and assess risk J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 4

After completion of the CBRIP, capabilities require translation into manpower processes CCMD HQ Billets Component HQ Billets JTF Joint Manning Doc Existing Manpower Processes Unit Manning Document Capabilities-Based Requirements Identification Process (CBRIP) Capability Requirements Define capability needs of CCMDs to execute planned & assigned missions Unconstrained Needs Translation Process Contracting Requirements Existing Contracting Process Contingency Planning Joint Operational Planning & Execution System Translate capability needs into documented requirements Constrained Requirements J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 5

Proficiency levels for language and culture are the core of the capability requirement Language Proficiency for Listening, Speaking, Reading, and Writing Modalities Proficiency Level: Proficiency Description: 0+ 1 2 3 4 5 Memorized Proficiency Elementary Proficiency Limited Working Proficiency General Professional Proficiency Advanced Professional Proficiency Functionally Native Proficiency Regional Expertise and Culture Proficiency for Core, Regional and Leader Competencies Proficiency Level: Proficiency Description: Basic Fully Proficient Master • Demonstrates a basic awareness of concepts and processes. • Applies the competency in the simplest situations. • Individuals operating at this level of proficiency require close and extensive guidance to perform tasks associated with this competency. • Demonstrates thorough understanding of core concepts and processes. • Applies the competency in routine and non-routine situations. • Individuals operating at this level of proficiency work independently with minimal guidance and direction to perform tasks associated with this competency. • Demonstrates extensive depth and breadth of expertise in advanced concepts and processes. • Applies the competency in complex and ambiguous situations within and across cultures. • Individuals operating at this level of proficiency serve as an acknowledged authority, advisor, and key resource. J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 6

Capability Requirement Details (1 of 3) 1 2 3 4 1. Task Name – Define the UJTL (Universal Joint Task List) task associated with the Mission Task to Mission Criticality – How critical is the task to the accomplishment of the mission? Apply a 5 -1 scale (5: Critical to accomplish mission; 4: Major degradation of mission; 3: Minor degradation of mission; 2: Enhancement of mission; or 1: Minimum impact to mission) 2. LREC Activity – Describe the LREC activities needed to support the task. It is the component of the task that requires language, regional expertise or cultural proficiency in order to accomplish task LREC Activity to Task Criticality – How critical is the LREC activity to the accomplishment of the task? Apply a 5 -1 scale (5: Critical to accomplish task; 4: Major degradation of task; 3: Minor degradation of task; 2: Enhancement of task; or 1: Minimum impact to task) 3. Level – Determine the operational level that performs the task 4. Role – Determine the role of the person, unit, organization, etc. , who performs the task J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 7

Capability Requirement Details (2 of 3) 5 6 7 8 5. Minimum Quantity – Determine how many people within the Level need to have the LREC proficiency and the ability to perform the associated LREC activity 6. GPF (General Purpose Force) / SOF (Special Operations Force) / INTEL (Intelligence) – Determine if the task is performed by GPF, SOF, or INTEL 7. Military Required – Determine if the LREC activity must be performed by a military person or civilian (MIL: military person only; GOVT: U. S. military or U. S. government civilian person; or ANY: military, civilian, contractor, or host nation person) 8. Service – If military required, determine the appropriate Service that will provide the LREC capability or perform the task J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 8

Capability Requirement Details (3 of 3) 9 10 11 12 13 9. Level of Effort – Determine the level of effort (i. e. , time, duration, frequency) associated with accomplishing the task. Does this task require around-the-clock coverage? Is the task only performed at the beginning of a mission? 10. Language Criticality – If more than one language applies to the same task and LREC Activity, rank order the languages in order of priority (1, . 75, . 50, . 25) 11. Language – Identify the language needed to perform the task and LREC activity 12. Listening / Speaking / Reading / Writing – Apply the Interagency Language Roundtable (ILR) 0 -5 scale 13. Core / Technical / Leader Culture – Determine the Regional Expertise and Culture (REC) proficiency level – Basic, Fully Proficient, or Master J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 9

Questions / LRI Demo J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 10

Backup Slides J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 11

Core Culture Competencies Core culture competencies are required by personnel in an organization, regardless of job series or rank, to effectively perform in cross-cultural environments. Core culture competencies provide consistency and common language to describe the requirements needed for successful performance. Understands the different dimensions of culture, how cultures vary according to key elements such Understanding as interpersonal relations, concept of time, attitude towards interpersonal space, thinking style, Culture tolerance and authority as well as values, beliefs, behaviors and norms; uses this information to help understand similarities and differences across cultures. Understands own organization's mission and functions, particularly within the context of multi. Applying cultural, multi-actor environments; is knowledgeable about own organization’s programs, policies, Organizational procedures, rules, and regulations, and applies this knowledge to operate effectively within and Awareness across organizations. Cultural Demonstrates an awareness of own cultural assumptions, values, and biases, and understands how Perspectivethe U. S. is viewed by members of other cultures; applies perspective-taking skills to detect, analyze, Taking and consider the point of view of others, and recognizes how own actions may be interpreted. Gathers and interprets information about people and surroundings and adjusts behavior in order to interact effectively with others; integrates well into situations in which people have different Cultural beliefs, values, and customs and develops positive rapport by showing respect for the culture; Adaptability understands the implications of one’s actions and adjusts approach to maintain appropriate relationships. J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 12

Regional Competencies Regional competencies include demonstrating knowledge and understanding of key cultural values, behaviors, beliefs, and norms for a given area. Individuals must be able to describe, assess, and apply country and/or region-specific information into plans, actions, and decisions and effectively convey intended messages to persons of another culture. Is knowledgeable about the components of culture; understands key cultural values, behaviors, beliefs, and norms for the area. Applies knowledge about a country/region’s historical and current social, political, and economic structures to the operational mission. Can describe, assess, and apply country/region-specific information about the Operating in a population, enemy and other relevant forces, U. S. national security interests, U. S. command relationships, and commander’s intent; understands and keeps up-to-date Regional Environment on local, national, and regional events, policies, and trends that affect U. S. interests; effectively incorporates this information into plans, actions, and decisions. Applying Regional Information J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 13

Leader-Analysis Functions Leader Functions: : The additional competencies required by military personnel in leadership positions in order to effectively perform in cross-cultural environments. Makes strategic decisions and assesses the impact and secondary/tertiary effects of U. S. actions in the region by using logic, analysis, synthesis, creativity, and judgment to gather and evaluate Strategic Agility multiple sources of information; establishes a course of action to accomplish a long-range goal or vision in the region/country, effectively anticipating future consequences and trends. Understands how joint, coalition, non-state actors and other variables in the regional system Systems Thinking interact with one another and change over time; applies this understanding to conduct analysis, planning, decision making, and problem solving. Organizational Assesses cultural capabilities of own organization; develops the cultural competence required of Cultural personnel in order to support the organization’s mission; ensures that the organization’s cross. Competence cultural competence is sustained and improved to meet future mission requirements. J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 14

Leader-Engagement Functions Leader Functions: : The additional competencies required by military personnel in leadership positions in order to effectively perform in cross-cultural environments. Builds alliances and develops collaborative information-sharing networks with colleagues in own Building Strategic organization and counterparts across other host/foreign nation/private organizations; works Networks effectively with diverse others as a representative of own organization to accomplish mission requirements and achieve common goals. Applies influence techniques that are consistent with local social norms and role expectations in Cross-Cultural order to establish authority, change others’ opinions or behavior, and convince them to willingly Influence follow own leadership or guidance; understands how cultural values, behaviors, beliefs, and norms impact cross-cultural negotiations. J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 15

LREC Activity Task Name LREC Activity 4 The LREC activity is the component of task that requires language, regional expertise or cultural proficiency in order to accomplish task ST 8. 2. 1 Coordinate Security Assistance Activities Advise host nation military Understand host nation military structure 4 When reviewing the task descriptions, look for words that may indicate a need for LREC: OP 4. 4. 4 Train Joint Forces and Personnel Communicate with host nation military OP 5. 3. 1 Conduct Operational Mission Analysis Understand the political, military, and economic environment of host nation Scenario: Andor Mission: Nation Assistance J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified – Multinational – Host Nation – Inter-agency support – Combined forces – Civil law enforcement – Other designated populations – Non-U. S. – Friendly nations and groups – Local populace 16

Task and LREC Activity Criticality 4 How critical is the task to the accomplishment of the mission? Scenario: Andor Mission: Nation Assistance Task Name ST 8. 2. 1 Coordinate Security Assistance Activities Task to Mission LREC Activity Criticality 5 Advise host nation military Understand host nation military structure OP 4. 4. 4 Train Joint Forces and Personnel 4 Communicate with host nation military OP 4. 4. 4 Train Joint Forces and Personnel 4 OP 5. 3. 1 Conduct Operational Mission Analysis LREC Activity to Task Criticality – 5: Critical to accomplish mission – 4: Major degradation of mission – 3: Minor degradation of mission – 2: Enhancement of mission 5 – 1: Minimum impact to mission 4 4 How critical is the LREC Activity to the accomplishment of the task? – 5: Critical to accomplish task 5 Communicate with host nation military 3 Understand the political, military, and economic environment of host nation 5 – 4: Major degradation of task – 3: Minor degradation of task – 2: Enhancement of task – 1: Minimum impact of task J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 17

Level and Role 4 What is the lowest organizational level at which the task can be accomplished? – Look at task level (SN, ST, OP, TA) – Is this performed at COCOM HQ, JTF HQ, Embassy DAT, on a ship, by an MP battalion? 4 What is the role who performs the task? – Office, staff, unit, or person who performs the task – Is the task performed by a person on a Visit Board Search & Seizure (VBSS) team? An interpreter? An operational commander? An infantryman? A Foreign Area Officer (FAO)? Scenario: Andor Mission: Nation Assistance Task Name LREC Activity Level Role ST 8. 2. 1 Coordinate Security Assistance Activities Advise host nation military Understand host nation military structure JTF Commander OP 4. 4. 4 Train Joint Forces and Personnel Communicate with host nation military unit Training team J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 18

Minimum Quantity 4 What is the bare minimum quantity (i. e. number of people in the unit with an LREC proficiency) needed to accomplish the task – E. g. One person in each unit or everyone in a unit Level Role GPF/SOF/ Intel Military Required ST 8. 2. 1 Coordinate Security Assistance Activities Advise host nation military Understand host nation military structure JTF Commander 1 GPF ANY OP 4. 4. 4 Train Joint Forces and Personnel Communicate with host nation military unit Training team 1/unit GPF MIL Task Name Service LREC Activity Minimum Quantity Scenario: Andor Mission: Nation Assistance USA J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 19

Bound “who” performs the task 4 Determine if the task if performed by GPF/SOF/Intel – GPF: Capability resident in GPF only – SOF: Capability resident in SOF only – Intel: Capability resident in intel community only 4 Select service (if known) Role Advise host nation military Understand host nation military structure JTF Commander 1 GPF ANY unit Training team 1/unit GPF MIL OP 4. 4. 4 Train Joint Forces with host nation military J-1 LREC Capability. Communicate Requirements and Personnel This brief is unclassified Service Level Military Required ST 8. 2. 1 Coordinate Security Assistance Activities LREC Activity GPF/SOF/ Intel Task Name Minimum Quantity Scenario: Andor Mission: Nation Assistance USA 20

Bound “who” performs the task (Cont’d) 4 Determine if the LREC activity must be accomplished by a military person or civilian – MIL: LREC proficiency can only be provided by a military person with inherent LREC capability (i. e. cannot utilize an interpreter. E. g. soldier must be 2/2 proficient) – GOVT: LREC proficiency must be provided by a U. S. military or U. S. government civilian (i. e. cannot utilize a contract linguist) – CIV/CTR: LREC proficiency may be provided by a U. S. government civilian or contractor, but not a military person – ANY: LREC proficiency can be provided by military, civilian, contractor, or host nation Level Role GPF/SOF/ Intel Military Required ST 8. 2. 1 Coordinate Security Assistance Activities Advise host nation military Understand host nation military structure JTF Commander 1 GPF ANY OP 4. 4. 4 Train Joint Forces and Personnel Communicate with host nation military unit Training team 1/unit GPF MIL Unit Civil Affairs Team 1/team GPF & SOF GOVT Task Name OP 1. 5. 5. Assist Host Nation Coordinate/liaise with host nation police with Populace & Resource and fire units Control J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified Service LREC Activity Minimum Quantity Scenario: Andor Mission: Nation Assistance USA 21

Level of Effort 4 Does this task require around-the-clock coverage? 4 Is the task only performed at the beginning of a mission? Advise host nation military ST 8. 2. 1 Coordinate Security Understand host nation military Assistance Activities structure JTF Commander 1 GPF ANY OP 4. 4. 4 Train Joint Forces and Personnel unit Training team 1/unit GPF MIL Communicate with host nation military Level of Effort Role Service Level Military Required LREC Activity GPF/SOF/ Intel Task Name Minimum Quantity Scenario: Andor Mission: Nation Assistance Norm Duty Day USA Norm Duty Day J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 22

Identify Sub Region, Language, Proficiencies and Language Criticality 2 Training team 1/unit 1 Andor man 2 2 Rest of unit 1 Andor 0+ man 0+ 1 Andor man . 75 Carhie nen ST 8. 2. 1 Coordinate Security Assistance Activities Advise host nation military Understand host nation military structure JTF Commander OP 4. 4. 4 Train Joint Forces and Personnel Communicate with host nation military unit Training team Understand the political, OP 5. 3. 1 Conduct military, and economic Operational Mission environment of host Analysis nation JTF Understand the political, OP 5. 3. 1 Conduct military, and economic Operational Mission JTF environment of host Analysis J-1 LREC nation Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified J 2 analyst 1/div 3 3 0 0 Fully Profici Profic ent ient 0 0 Fully Profici Basic ent 0 Fully Profici Profic Basic ent ient 3 3 Leader Culture Speaking 2 Role Technical Culture Listening Andor man Level Core Culture Language 1 LREC Activity Writing Language Criticality 1 Task Name Reading Minimum Quantity Region: Global AOR Sub Region: Andor Mission: Nation Assistance 23

We have now specified a requirement Training team OP 4. 4. 4 Train Joint Forces and Personnel Communicate with host unit nation military Training team all OP 5. 3. 1 Conduct Operational Mission Analysis Understand the political, military, and economic environment of host nation J 2 analyst 1/org JTF Day 2 2 0 0 FP FP FP MIL USA 24/7 2 2 0 0 FP B B GPF MIL USA 24/7 0+ 0+ 0 0 FP B B Intel GO VT 3 3 0 FP FP B GPF ANY 1/unit GPF 24/7 3 Technical Culture Leader Culture Core Culture Communicate with host unit nation military Writing OP 4. 4. 4 Train Joint Forces and Personnel Reading Commander Speaking Advise host nation military JTF Understand host nation military structure Listening 1 ST 8. 2. 1 Coordinate Security Assistance Activities Level of Effort Role Service Level Military Required LREC Activity GPF/SOF/ Intel Task Name Minimum Quantity Region: Global AOR Sub-Region: Andor Mission: Nation Assistance J-1 LREC Capability Requirements This brief is unclassified 24