Language of Composition Chapter 1 Rhetoric and Rhetorical

Language of Composition Chapter 1 Rhetoric and Rhetorical Devices

S. O. A. P. S. • S = SUBJECT • O = OCCASION • A = AUDIENCE • P = PURPOSE • S = SPEAKER

Never forget… • In analytical and detailed writing. . . SUMMARY IS DEATH! (In reference to the effectiveness of the text. )

Rhetorical Triangle • Also called the Aristotelian Triangle Speaker (or writer) Audience (or reader) Subject

Key Terms Rhetoric – the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion (purpose is for effective communication) Juxtaposition - an act or instance of placing close together or side by side, esp. for comparison or contrast. Strategic choices include: Ethos – character (to demonstrate as credible and trustworthy) Logos – reason (clear, logical, and rational ideas) Pathos – emotion (appeal to emotions and feelings)

Five Part Classic Model • The introduction (introduce reader to subject) • The narration (provide basic facts and background information) • The confirmation (provide specific details to support thesis) • The refutation (address the counterargument) • The conclusion (bring essay/speech to a satisfactory close)

Patterns of Development • Narration – story telling • Description – describe details • Process analysis – explanation of how and/or why something works or is done • Exemplification – provide examples or logical proof • Comparison and Contrast – discuss subtle differences and similarities to analyze information

• Classification and Division – sort ideas into categories to make connections • Definition – define an idea or topic to aid in understanding or to clarify • Cause and Effect – to analyze the cause that will lead to a specific effect or the effects that result from a specific cause. Clear logic is essential!