Language of Anatomy Terms with precise meanings are

Language of Anatomy • Terms with precise meanings are used to help medical and healthcare professionals communicate effectively with one another about the human body. • You are responsible for the following terms and being able to apply them!

Language of Anatomy • Anatomical Position – – Feet parallel Arms hanging at sides Palms facing forward Thumbs pointing away from body • Don’t forget… his left is on your right-hand side!!! RIGHT LEFT

Body Position • Supine – Laying Face-up • Prone – Laying Face-Down

Directional Terms • Superior (Cranial) – Toward the head – Above • Inferior (Caudal) – Away from the Head – Below

Directional Terms • Anterior (Ventral) – Toward the front of the body – In front of • Posterior (Dorsal) – Toward the back of the body – Behind

Directional Terms • Medial – Toward midline – Inner side • Lateral – Away from midline – Outer Side

Directional Terms • Intermediate – Between a medial and lateral structure

Directional Terms • Proximal – Closer to the attachment point of a limb to the body trunk • Distal – Farther from the attachment point of a limb to the body trunk

Directional Terms

Directional Terms • Superficial – Towards the body surface • Deep – Away from the body surface – More internal

Directional Terms • Ipsilateral – On the same side of the body • Contralateral – On opposite sides of the body

Planes of the Body • Median (Midsagittal) Plane – divides into equal right and left sections • Frontal (Coronal) Plane – divides into anterior and posterior parts • Transverse Plane – divides into superior and inferior parts

Regional Terms • These are your “Parts of the Body” • It is EXTREMELY helpful to make flash cards of these body parts as you are trying to memorize them!

Regional Terms • • • Abdominal – abdomen Acromial – shoulder Antebrachial – lower arm Antecubital – anterior elbow Axillary – armpit Brachial – upper arm Buccal – cheek Calcaneal - heel Carpal – wrist Cephalic – head

Regional Terms • • • Cervical - neck Coxal – hip Costal - ribs Cranial - skull Crural – lower leg Cubital – posterior elbow Digital – fingers, toes Dorsum – upper back Femoral – thigh (upper leg) Frontal – forehead

Regional Terms • • • Gluteal – buttocks Hallux – big toe Inguinal – where thigh meets body trunk (groin) Lumbar – lower back Mammary - breast Mental - chin Nasal – nose Occipital - posterior base of head Oral - mouth Orbital – eye area

Regional Terms • • • Otic - ear Palmar – palm of hand Patellar – anterior knee Pedal - foot Pelvic – anterior pelvis area Plantar – sole of foot Pollex - thumb Popliteal – posterior knee Pubic – genital region Scapular – shoulder blade

Regional Terms • • • Sternal – breastbone Sural – calf of leg Tarsal – ankle Thoracic – chest Umbilical – navel Vertebral - spine

Body Cavities • What kinds of organs might be found in the Dorsal Cavity? • What kinds of organs might be found in the Ventral Cavity? – Which of these organs would be specific to the Thoracic Cavity? – To the Abdominopelvic Cavity?

Abdominopelvic Cavity • Why would this cavity be vulnerable to damage? • Because it is so large, it is helpful to break up this cavity into smaller sections for study • One system used by medical personnel uses quadrants

Abdominopelvic Cavity • Another system used by anatomists, divides it into 9 regions – “epi” is upon, “gastric” is stomach – “hypo” is below – “Iliac” is the superior part of hip bone – “lumbus” is loin – “chondro” is cartilage