Language Humankinds greatest achievement Language Defined Any set

Language Defined Ø Any set of symbols Ex: sounds, pictures, music Ø Arranged according

Language takes two One person to produce the language by speaking or writing. Another

“Language is something that goes in the ear and comes out of the mouth.

Language Skills Two basic, inherited Speaking and hearing Two developed and taught Writing and

Language skills Two are primarily motor (movement) Speaking and writing Speech production Two are

Wernicke’s area Next to auditory cortex Attends to the sound and determines if the

Effects of Brain Damage on Language Broca’s Aphasia Difficulty speaking and writing Prepositions, conjunction

Music and the cortex Hearing and appreciating music is right hemisphere task Comprehend music

Ravel’s Aphasia Composer of Bolero Left hemi stroke Loss of language Maintained some music

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Language Humankind’s greatest achievement

Language Defined Ø Any set of symbols Ex: sounds, pictures, music Ø Arranged according to rules Ø Ex: grammar, sentence structure Ø Convey an infinite number of meanings Ø From one user to another Ø

Language takes two One person to produce the language by speaking or writing. Another to comprehend the language by hearing or reading

“Language is something that goes in the ear and comes out of the mouth. ” Norman Geschwind

Language Skills Two basic, inherited Speaking and hearing Two developed and taught Writing and reading

Language skills Two are primarily motor (movement) Speaking and writing Speech production Two are primarily sensory Hearing and reading Audition and vision

Language is a whole brain task KW 9 -19

Auditory Cortex KW 9 -12

Speech comprehension KW 9 -17

Penfield’s Surgery KW 9 -18

PET Scanner KW 9 -20

PET Scans KW 9 -21

Cortex Activated in Sounds KW 9 -23

Wernicke’s area Next to auditory cortex Attends to the sound and determines if the sound is a phoneme Connects phonemes to produce words Meaning of words

Brain Dictionary

Asymmetry in Language

Broca

Location of Broca’s Area

Geschwind’s Model

Geschwind’s Model in Action

Producing speech KW 9 -17

Effects of Brain Damage on Language Broca’s Aphasia Difficulty speaking and writing Prepositions, conjunction and other grammatical connectives are especially difficult Fail to understand speech when its meaning is dependent on connectives, sentence structure, or word order Wernicke’s Aphasia Trouble understanding speech and recalling names of objects

Wernicke’s Aphasia

Music and the cortex Hearing and appreciating music is right hemisphere task Comprehend music with right hemisphere Production of music requires the left hemisphere as well Trained musicians: music is language

Processing Music KW 9 -24

Ravel’s Aphasia Composer of Bolero Left hemi stroke Loss of language Maintained some music abilities Could comprehend music Could not produce it

The music’s over. End of slide show