Ladders and Stairs Hazards of ladders v Falls

Ladders and Stairs

Hazards of ladders v Falls v Slips v Reaching too far v Weather 1 a

Hazards of ladders v Oil or grease on a ladder v Not secure v Contact with electricity v Objects ladders that fall from 1 b

Hazards of stairs v Clutter v Slippery surfaces v Damage 1 c

Hazards of stairs v Poor lighting v Unsafe work practices 1 d

OSHA regulations v General industry - 29 CFR 1910. 24 through. 27 v Construction Subpart X - 29 CFR 1926 3 a

Terms used in general industry regulations v Ladder v Stepladder v Type 1 - Industrial stepladder v Type 2 - Commercial stepladder 4 a

Terms used in general industry regulations v Type 3 - Household stepladder v Single ladder v Extension v Fixed ladder 4 b

Terms used in general industry regulations v Individual-rung v Rail ladder v Cage v Well 4 c

Terms used in general industry regulations v Ladder v Grab safety device bars v Pitch 4 d

Terms used in construction regulations v Portable v Fixed ladder v Individual-rung/step v Job-made ladders ladder 4 e

Terms used in construction regulations v Single-cleat v Double v Step ladder cleat ladder stool 4 f

Portable ladder specifications for general industry v Materials used in the construction v Length restrictions v Spacing v Width between rungs/steps between side rails 5 a

Portable ladder specifications for general industry v Non-skid v Limits on overlap of sections on extension ladders v Stepladder devices spreaders or locking 5 b

Portable ladder specifications for general industry v Materials used in the construction v Length restrictions v Spacing v Width between rungs/steps between side rails 6 a

Portable ladder specifications for general industry v Non-skid v Stepladder devices spreaders or locking v Load-carrying capacities 6 b

Portable ladder specifications for general industry v Materials used in the construction v Load limitations v Rungs and cleats v Spacing between rungs/steps 7 a

Portable ladder specifications for general industry v Length of rungs/steps v Clearance around the ladder v Use of cages, wells, landing platforms, ladder safety devices 7 b

Portable ladder specifications for general industry v Grab bars v Step-across landing v Pitch distance to the or angle of the ladder 7 c

Fixed ladder specifications for the construction industry v Load v limitations Side rails v Non-skid v Clearance around the ladder 8 a

Fixed ladder specifications for the construction industry v Use of cages, wells, ladder safety devices, self-retracting lifelines v Grab bars v Step-across landing distance to the 8 b

Fixed ladder specifications for the construction industry v Pitch or angle of the ladder 8 c

Safety devices for fixed ladders in construction v Safety devices/support systems must be capable of withstanding a drop test consisting of an 18 inch drop of a 500 -pound weight v Safety device must be activated within 2 feet after a fall occurs 9 a

Safety devices for fixed ladders in construction v Safety device must limit the fall velocity of a worker to 7 feet/sec or less v Connection between the carrier/lifeline and the point of attachment to the harness must not exceed 9 inches 9 b

Safety devices for fixed ladders in construction v Employees must be able to use the device leaving both hands free for climbing 9 c

Ladder inspection v Inspect ladders frequently v Portable metal ladders must be inspected immediately if it tips over v Construction ladders are inspected by a competent person 10 a

Ladder inspection v Follow manufacturer’s guidelines for inspection v Include inspections in preventative maintenance schedules 10 b

Precautions for safe ladder use v Inspect before using it the ladder for defects v Select a ladder with adequate length and load limits v Do not use metal ladders near electrical lines 11 a

Precautions for safe ladder use v Use ladders for their intended purpose v Set up the ladder on a firm, solid surface v Keep ladders secured/barricaded 11 b

Precautions for safe ladder use v Keep areas around the top and bottom of the ladder clear v Open stepladders fully, and lock the spreaders v Set up straight ladders using the 4 -to-1 rule 11 c

Precautions for safe ladder use v Face ladders when ascending/descending v Use both hands to grip the side rails whenever possible v Only time one person on a ladder at a 11 d

Precautions for safe ladder use v Don’t stand on the top 2 steps of a stepladder v Don’t stand on the top 4 rungs of a straight ladder v Never move a portable ladder with someone on it 11 e

Precautions for safe ladder use v Hoist material up to you when you’ve reached the top of the ladder v Work within the side rails v Store ladders in designated areas 11 f

Maintenance v Remove ladders with structural defects, corrosion, or defective parts from service v Tag ladders “Do Not Use” 12 a

Maintenance v Repair design ladders to the original v Have qualified personnel make repairs 12 b

Staying safe on stairs v Eliminate v Clean slippery conditions up spills v Keep free of ice and snow v Ensure proper lighting in stair areas 13 a

Staying safe on stairs v Use handrails v Always walk up and down stairs - don’t run 13 b

Staying safe on stairs v Make sure you can see over materials you are carrying on a stairway v Report unsafe conditions 13 c